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UCSP WEEK 1-2 WHAT IS IDENTITY? expression of an individual’s belief system and social affiliation. ( nationality where a person lives, 3.Sociology – (consist of 2 types) and a person’s gender and sexuality.)...

UCSP WEEK 1-2 WHAT IS IDENTITY? expression of an individual’s belief system and social affiliation. ( nationality where a person lives, 3.Sociology – (consist of 2 types) and a person’s gender and sexuality.) Fascism a government system led by CULTURAL IDENTITY identity or feeling of a dictator having complete power and; belonging to a group. Capitalism individuals or businesses POLITICAL IDENTITY being a member of a own capital goods. particular group might express specific _________ political opinions and attitudes. SOCIAL IDENTITY person’s sense of who 3️⃣ SOCIOLOGY is one of the disciplines they are in terms of their group that studies human social behavior in membership. ( gender, religion, religious a scientific, systematic manner. beliefs.) Relationship of Sociology with other Social Sciences (Thomas,1995) THREE (3) BRANCHES AMONG SOCIAL 1.Anthropology – comparative study of SCIENCE various aspects of past and the present (the social science closest to sociology in its 1️⃣ANTHROPOLOGY a window to our past, subject matter.) a mirror for our present and a lens through 2.Psychology – social science that deals which we look into the future. ( Greek terms with the behavior and thinking of organisms. anthropos means science or study ) 3.Economics – study of choices of people. ( 4 MAJOR OF ANTHROPOLOGY) ________ 1. Biological Anthropology - studies Homo sapiens as biological beings both in 1. AUGUSTO COMTE(father of sociology) present and in the past. He proposed three stages of social 2. Cultural Anthropology- description evolution (the theological stage, and comparison of the adaptations made by metaphysical stage, and the positive stage) human groups. 2. HARRIET MARTINEAU (the First 3. Archeology - systematic study woman Sociologist) she criticized the state of remains of previous cultures as a of women’s education during her time and means of reconstructing the life ways of How to observe Morals and Manners (1838) people who lived in the past. 3. KARL MARX (known for his Marxism) 4.Linguistics - is the study of He wrote the Communist Manifesto language as part of culture. which presents an analytical approach ________ called Marxism 4. HERBERT SPENCER (Survival of the 2️⃣ POLITICAL SCIENCE study of Fittest) Social problems work themselves politics. ( branch of knowledge that deals out thought the process of natural selection with the system of government ) called Survival of the Fittest (FIVE CONCEPT OF POLITICAL 5. EMILE DURKHEIM (Pioneered of the SCIENCE) Modern Social Research) he believed that 1. POWER – is the very heart of politics. crime is an act “offends strong and defined “Money is power” states of the collective conscience” 2. INFLUENCE - party’s desires affects the 6. MAX WEBER (known for his behavior of another party. Bureaucratic Model) According to him, the 3. AUTHORITY – power and influence of a characteristics of bureaucracy include given position that comes from having been specialized roles, recruitment based on placed in that position ( leader/president) merit, uniform principles of placement. 4. Legitimacy – having the approval of ___________________________________ others. ( having widespread approval for the way one exercises political power ) WEEK 3-4 5. Linkage – use the term to refer to the SOCIETY sharing the same way of life way pressure groups; political parties and and living in the same territory. (group of electoral process ( connect the general people living as a community or an public with the leaders who make policy organized group of people ) decisions.) CULTURE It is the sum total of society’s _________ customs, traditions, ethics, values, beliefs and prevalent practices. TYPES OF MAJOR POLITICAL IDEOLOGIES KINDS OF CULTURE (2) 1. Anarchism –from the Greek word MATERIAL CUL. physical object that anarchy which means literally “having people create. (Ex. clothing, books, no government” buildings, cooking) 2. Communism- each person’s works and NON-MATERIAL CUL. It is an abstract is paid according to their abilities and human creation. (Ex. language, ideas, needs. It means economic equality and beliefs, rules, skills, family patterns) individual freedom.  UCSP DIFFERENT ASPECT OF CULTURES (6) NATIONAL BIRD: PHILIPPINE EAGLE SYMBOLS the very basis of human -known as Pithecophaga jefferyi. culture. (Ex. Handshake ) ( President Ferdinand Marcos made it LANGUAGE the organization of written or official in 1978) spoken symbols into a standardized NATIONAL GEM: PHILIPPINE PEARL system.(The most obvious aspect of culture) -known as Pinctada Maxima. VALUES beliefs about what is good or bad, (declared by President Fidel V. Ramos ) right or wrong, desirable or undesirable. NATIONAL SPORT: ARNIS NORMS shared rules of conduct that tell -Known by two other names: Kali and people how to act in specific situations. Eskrima (national symbol in 2009) FOLKWAYS It is a norm that does not have great moral significance attached to them. UNOFFICIAL NATIONAL SYMBOLS OF (Nakasanayan) THE PHILIPPINES (6) MORES have great moral significance NATIONAL HERO: JOSE RIZAL attached to them. NATIONAL LEAF: ANAHAW NATIONAL FRUIT: MANGO popular as it is CHARACTERISTIC OF CULTURE (5) for making desserts CULTURE IS LEARNED We learn culture NATIONAL ANIMAL: CARABAO Filipino from families, peers, institutions, and media. farmer’s best friend CULTURE IS DYNAMIC All cultures change NATIONAL HOUSE: BAHAY KUBO (problems: adopting to changing NATIONAL FISH: BANGUS environments.) CULTURE IS INTEGRATED All aspects of PERSPECTIVE IN THE STUDY OF culture are interconnected to one another CULTURE and SOCIETY (3) CULTURE IS SHARED we share CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE shaped by culture with other members of our group their environments as well as social and CULTURE IS BASED ON SYMBOLS. It cultural factors. varies cross-culturally and it is arbitrary. FUNCTIONAL PERSPECTIVES Functionalists view society as a system in CONCEPT OF CULTURE (7) which all parts work or function together to CULTURE TRAITS act or belief that is create society as a whole. related to a particular situation or need. HUMANISTIC INTERPRETIVE CULTURE COMPLEX a cluster of PERSPECTIVE approach as they study interrelated traits. cultures. CULTURE PATTERNS combination of a ___________________________________ number of culture complexes into an interrelated whole WEEK 5-6 CULTURE UNIVERSAL people everywhere have the same needs and must be meet THEORY OF EVOLUTION(3) these needs to survive. HOMO HABILIS (handy man) is known for CULTURE CLASH a conflict arising from having long powerful–muscled arms and the interaction of people with different hands cultural values. HOMO ERECTUS (upright man) had a CULTURE RELATIVISM the practice by prominent, projecting nose, flat, assessing a culture by its own standards non-projecting nose and was practically rather indistinguishable. ETHNOCENTRISM the tendency to look HOMO SAPIENS (wise man) discovered at the world primarily from the perspective the use of fire, tools and clothing. of one’s own culture. OFFICIAL NATIONAL SYMBOL OF THE FERTILE CRESCENT A CRADLE OF PHILIPPINES CIVILIZATION (4) NATIONAL FLAG National Historical 1.TIGRIS-EUPHRATES (Mesopotamia) Commission of the Philippines The most ancient known civilization was in (made of silk) Mesopotamia (“between two rivers”) NATIONAL ANTHEM: LUPANG HINIRANG 2. NILE VALLEY (Egypt) -June 12 1982 ( 1st played ) by San known as the Gift of the Nile because the Francisco De Malabon Band during annual flooding of the Nile River independence day 3. YELLOW RIVER (China) NATIONAL FLOWER: SAMPAGUITA BY 3000 B.C, the Yellow River Valley -Its white color symbolizes purity, was settled by farmers. (Xia Dynasty) simplicity, humility and strength. (Known as 4. INDUS VALLEY (India & Pakistan) Arabian Jasmine) The ancient civilization of the Indus Valley, NATIONAL TREE: NARRA located in modern Pakistan. -Generally known as rosewood.  UCSP BANAUE RICE TERRACE a cluster of 2000 year old terraces curved into FEATURES OF CIVILIZATION(5) the mountains 1.CITIES civilized societies were urban 3. HISTORICAL SITES building, or an area societies (larger and more complex than the of the unspoilt natural environment, villages.) considered to be important to a country 2.WRITING written language enabled RIZAL SHRINE IN CALAMBA people to preserve, organize and expand historical site because it is the their knowledge. birthplace of our national hero. 3.SPECIALIZATION people in civilized MALACAÑANG PLACE official societies residence and place of work of the 4.GOVERNMENT There were rulers who President of the Republic of the issue laws and officials to carry them out. Philippines. 5. RELIGION had organized ___________________________________ religions with a powerful, trained and wealthy priesthood. WEEK 7-8 RICE AND CIVILIZATION STATE (4) ENCULTURATION people learn the 1.SUMERIANS surrounding culture, acquire values and They built houses, their artisans behaviors appropriate (language and made fine pottery and wove textiles traditions and customs) for clothing. SOCIALIZATION personal identity and 2.EGYPTIANS learn what people in the surrounding The Nile River gave Egypt more culture believe and what they expect to than life. behave God and a king They expected to journey to an A. IDENTITY FORMATION – the values, “other world” after they died. attitudes and beliefs that the individuals 3.GREEK received from their families’ peers and made some of the inhabitants into community state slaves. B. NORMS AND VALUES - appropriate and Spartan boy was sent to military inappropriate behavior in a given situation camp until 30 y/o ( 4 CATEGORIES OF NORMS) Democracy comes from the Greek 1. FOLKWAYS we learn them through means (rule by people) intuition as we grow up 4. ROMANS 2. MORES they're often linked two Influenced by two people- religious rules the Greek and Etruscans. 3. TABOOS negative norms (people They established a Republic, a find it offensive and inappropriate) government without a king. 4. LAWS define as being legal or illegal ESSENTIAL INGREDIENTS OF C. STATUSES AND ROLES individual’s DEMOCRACY (5) position in his or her society which defined 1. Popular support of the Government rights and obligations. ( Man is a father, 2. Political Competition Women is the Mother ) 3. Alternation in Power __________ 4. Popular Representation 5. Majority Rule CONFORMITY set of following the roles and goals of one’s society. National, Local, and Specialized DEVIANCE any behavior that Museums National, Local, and violates a cultural norm. Specialized Museums & Archaeological and Historical Sites (FORMS OF DEVIANCE 3) 1.MUSEUM a non-profit, permanent 1. CRIMINAL DEVIANCE- the violation of institution in the service of society society’s ( criminal law such as minor traffic NATIONAL MUSEUM a government violation, sexual assaults, and murder ) institution that "has a three- 2. NONCRIMINAL DEVIANCE- intense dimensional goal or irrational dislike or fear of people from MIND MUSEUM dedicated in other countries. HOMOPHOBIA (hated or providing scientific and educational fear of homosexual-gays, lesbians, mental experience to the public disorders) 2. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE place where 3. SOCIAL CONTROL techniques and physical remains of past human activities strategies for preventing deviant behavior in exist. any society. ( punishes rule-breaking.) ANGONO PETROGLYPHS images or drawings, drawn by the early human ancestors in the Philippines.  UCSP HUMAN DIGNITY a person has an innate right to be valued, respected and treated COMMON GOOD the sum of those well. conditions of social life which allow VIOLATIONS AGAINST HUMAN social groups and their individual members, DIGNITY(4) relatively thorough and ready access to their 1.HUMILIATION acts that humiliate or own fulfillment. diminish the self-worth or self- esteem of a person or a group. 2. DEGRADATION degrade the value of FEATURES OF COMMON GOOD (6) human beings ( selling oneself to slavery or being unfortunate ) 1. Access and affordable public health care 3. DEHUMANIZATION Describing or system treating people as animals or as a lower 2. Effective system of public safety and type of human beings security 4. OBJECTIFICATION treating a 3. Peace among nations person as an instrument or as means to 4. Just political system achieve some other goals ( torture, rape, 5. Unpolluted natural environment social exclusion, and labor exploitation ) 6. Flourishing economic system ________ HUMAN RIGHTS These are legal, social or ethical principles of freedom or entitlement; (rules about what is allowed of people or owed to people) CLASSES OF HUMAN RIGHTS 1. Natural Rights – rights inherent to man and given to him by God as human being such as right to live, love and be happy 2. Statutory Rights – rights provided by the law- making body of a country ( right to receive a minimum wage and right to preliminary investigation ) 3. Constitutional Rights – rights guaranteed under the fundamental charter of the country (CLASSIFICATIONS OF CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS—3) a. Civil Rights – rights of citizen and individuals of securing enjoyment of their means of happiness in a community (freedom) b. Social & Economic Rights – intended to ensure the well-being and economic security of an individual. c. Political Rights – rights to vote and right to be voted into public office