Tourism Industry PDF

**Tourism Industry** -- The customer satisfaction, safety and enjoyment are focuses of tourism business History Of Tourism \*The **earliest forms of leisure tourism** can be traced as far back as the Babylonians and Egyptian empires \***Egyptians** held **religious** **festivals** **\*Greek Tour...

**Tourism Industry** -- The customer satisfaction, safety and enjoyment are focuses of tourism business History Of Tourism \*The **earliest forms of leisure tourism** can be traced as far back as the Babylonians and Egyptian empires \***Egyptians** held **religious** **festivals** **\*Greek Tourist** travelled to visit sites for healing gods. Most tourist travelled by water. \***People** travelled for **trade, commerce, religious purposes, festivals, medical treatment or education developed at early date**. \*Tourism is **complex and interconnected global phenomenon** influenced by various disciplined and fields of study History of Ph tourism \*Migration through land bridges from **Malayan archipelago in the south** and **Taiwan in the north** \*Traded goods with natives \***The Philippines is the third largest English speaking country with rich history** combining Asian, European, and American influences. \*Spanish colonization, brought the construction of Intramuros in 1571, A walled City \*Spanish rule (1521-1898) \*American rule (1898-1946) \*Japanese occupation (1941-1946) \*Ph self rule (1946 Gained Independence -- present) \*Earning the nn "Pearl of the orient seas" but declined after WWII with devastated economy and destroyed heritage sites. \*Recreational -- aim of relaxation, reproduction and improvement of one physical and psychic condition \*Cultural Sightseeing -- focused oneself with history, culture, traditions and habits of one's country and other nations \*Social -- gather together, new friendships and acquaintances with same interests \*Therapeutic -- rehabilitation and treatment illness, fitness and relaxation \*Sports -- travel experience of the tourist who observe as a spectator or actively participate in sporting events \*Exploration of Tourism -- Flora and Fauna (flower) way of visiting conversation areas \*Eco tourism -- responsible travel to natural areas that conserve the environment, sustains well-being of local people \*Adventurous (Adrenaline Sports) -- connected with danger, testing physical and psychic abilities of participants \*Professional -- include entrepreneur, business trips, participate in conferences and fairs \*Political Tourism -- has journey with political purposes. \*Shopping Tourism -- journey to shop \*Specific Tourism -- Shared common interests. ACCORDING TO PLACE \*Domestic Tourism -- within the country International Tourism \*Active (incoming or inbound) -- foreign visitors come to country \*Passive (Outgoing or outbound) -people from country travel abroad ACCORDING TO LENGTH OF STAY \*Short Term -- up to 3 days \*Long term -- more than 3 days ACCORDING TO NUMBER OF PARTICIPANTS \*Individual -- (individual family) \*Group (tours) \*Mass (events such pilgrimages, sports events) ACCORDING TO THE WAY OF ORGANIZATION \*Organized -- arrange by specialized subjects \*Non organized -arrange by themselves \*Commercial -- Fully paid by customer \*Bound -- some conditions must be have membership in organization \*Dealer -- sells only the complete offer of an organizer \*Organizer -- not only assemble the offer but he or she can sell \*Mass Tourism -- packaged tour \*Alternative tourism -- Eco tourism \*Backpackers (18-24 yrs, no child, Attracted to adventurous activity. Consider themselves travelers not tourist \*DINKS -- Double Income, No Kids \*SINKS -- Single Income No kids\ \*BOOMERS -- Generation in the 1950s \*Youths -- Between to 18-25 of age, not well educated, low disposable income \*Visitors -- describe all the traveler who fall within agreed definitions of tourism \*Tourist -- describe visitors who stay overnight at a destination \*Same day visitors -- describe visitors who arrive and depart on the same day \*Travel Agents -- outlets that offers a broad range of domestic and international travel services \*The Outbound Operator -- specialized particularly in geographic regions or an specific activity \*Inbound Operator -- Located in the destination country they provide complete packages of services from arrival in the country to departure \*Local Service Providers -- Outside the Big Cities, near natural attractions these maybe local lodge and hotel owners FIRST TRAVEL AGENTS \*Robert Smart -- first steamship agent \*Thomas Cook -- railway \*Thomas Bennett -- arrange tours \*Adventure Tourism -- travel to remote areas \*Archaeotourism or Archeological tourism -- aims to promote passion for historical archaelogy and the historical sites \*Arts Tourism -- exposure to different forms of art like paintings ad sculpture \*Black tourism -- visiting sites with suffering and death \*Bookstore tourism -- promotes bookstore as a group travel destination \*Culinary Tourism -- promotes drinking and dining with the locals at the chosen destination \*Shock Tourism -- type of niche tourism involve travel to dangerous places CHAPTER 2 \*Tourism and Hospitality -- one of the largest and fastest growing industries in the world \*Network -- complicated interconnection of parts or components \*The components of the tourism and hospitality Network maybe independent and competitive business, they are interrelated and interdependent \*F&B SERVICES ARE EVERYWHERE -- the public looks for food and beverage services everywhere, in hotels, motels, airlines FOOD AND BEVERAGE SERVICES- \*Fine Dining, Fast Food, Casual Dining, Catering Services, Bars and Pubs, Food Trucks \*Lodging -- involves overnight stay or even long term services to guests LODGING SERVICES -- Hotel, Motel, Bed & Breakfast, Resorts, Hostels \*Entertainment -- traditional duties of a host to entertain his or her guest. \*Travel and Tourism Component -- used as an umbrella term to refer to those business provide primary services to travelers \*The travel and tourism component not only food and beverage services but also transportation services and services of travel agencies and tour operators \*Travel Agent -- one who sells travel services in travel agency \*Tour Operator -- make necessary contact with hotel, airlines and other travel services \*Hospitality -- Latin word hospitaire, means to receive as a guest \*Tourist -visitors staying at least 24 hrs for leisure, business family \*Excursionist -- temporary visitors staying at least 24hrs \*Attractions -- Natural or Man Made \*Amenities of Facilities -- Accommodation \*Accessibility -- distance to destination from the originating country CHAPTER 3-4 The Organization for economic cooperation and Development (OECD) -- Promotes policies aimed at improving the economic and social wellbeing of people around the world \*International tourism and hospitalityis both price elastic and income elastic \*Economic Impact -- tourism and hospitality acts as an export industry by bringing in revenues from outside sources \*Direct -- income is received directly \*Indirect or secondary effects -- the money paid by tourist are used to pay for supplies, wages of workers. \*Multiplier Effect -- describe the total effect, both direct and indirect, used to estimate the direct and indirect effects of tourist expenditures \*Growth Theory -- states that tourism and hospitality needs the support of other industries \*Gee, Choy, and Makens (1997) -- define travel industry as the composite of organization both public and private. \*Natural Resources -- elements for visitor enjoyment, climate, flora and fauna, water supply \*Infrastructure- underground surface construction (water/sewage system) \*Superstructure -- ground facilities (airport terminals, restaurants) \*Transportation -- ships, airplaines \*Hospitality resources cultural -- friendliness, willingness to serve and positive interactions with tourists CHAPTER 7-8 \*Marketing Issues \*Changing demographics -- older population has preferences differ from younger generation \*Changing vacation patterns -Traditional once a year or two weeks is declining. At present, many plan mini vacations.