History of Tourism in the Philippines

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Questions and Answers

What are some focuses of tourism business?

  • Accessibility
  • Enjoyment (correct)
  • Customer satisfaction (correct)
  • Safety (correct)

What is the earliest form of leisure tourism that can be traced back to?

  • Egyptian Empires (correct)
  • Babylonians (correct)
  • Roman Empire
  • Greek Empires

The Egyptians held religious festivals.

True (A)

Greek tourists traveled to visit sites for healing gods.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the reasons people traveled in early times?

<p>Festivals (A), Commerce (B), Medical treatment (C), Education (D), Religious purposes (E), Trade (F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Tourism is a complex and interconnected global phenomenon.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Migration through land bridges from the Malayan archipelago in the south and Taiwan in the north contributed to the history of Philippine tourism.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Philippines traded goods with natives.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Philippines is the second largest English-speaking country.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What influences were combined in Philippine history?

<p>American (A), European (B), Asian (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Spanish colonization brought the construction of Intramuros in 1571.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the order of foreign rule in the Philippines?

<p>Spanish, American, Japanese (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Philippines gained independence in 1946.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nickname 'Pearl of The Orient Seas' was earned after World War II.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were some reasons the Philippines declined after World War II?

<p>Both A and B (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the aim of recreational tourism?

<p>Relaxation, reproduction, and improvement of one's physical and psychic condition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of cultural sightseeing tourism?

<p>History, culture, traditions, and habits of one's country and other nations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of social tourism?

<p>Gathering together, forging new friendships, and connecting with individuals sharing similar interests.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of therapeutic tourism?

<p>Rehabilitation, treatment of illness, fitness, and relaxation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nature of sports tourism?

<p>Travel experiences where tourists watch as spectators or participate actively in sports events.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of exploration tourism?

<p>Discover and explore flora and fauna, often involving visits to conservation areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of eco-tourism?

<p>Responsible travel to natural areas that conserve the environment, sustain the well-being of local people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the nature of adventurous tourism?

<p>Travel involving activities that test physical and psychic abilities through potentially dangerous or challenging experiences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of professional tourism?

<p>Entrepreneurship, business trips, and participation in conferences and fairs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of political tourism?

<p>Journeys undertaken for political purposes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the motivation for shopping tourism?

<p>A journey to shop.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of specific tourism?

<p>Shared common interests.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does domestic tourism take place?

<p>Within the country.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does international tourism take place?

<p>Between countries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is active tourism?

<p>Inbound tourism where foreign visitors come to the country.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What time frame defines short-term tourism?

<p>Up to 3 days (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the types of tourism based on the number of participants?

<p>Mass (A), Individual (B), Group (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Individual tourism refers to individual family trips.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Group tourism is synonymous with planned tours.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mass tourism includes pilgrimages and sports events.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Organized tourism is arranged by specialized subjects.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Non-organized tourism is planned by individuals.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Commercial tourism is completely paid for by the customer.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A bound in tourism involves being able to have membership in an organization.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Dealers in tourism sell only the complete offer of an organizer.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Organizers in tourism assemble and sell offers, but may not be able to sell individual items.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is mass tourism?

<p>Packaged tours.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is alternative tourism?

<p>Eco-tourism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who are backpackers?

<p>Youth travelers between 18 and 24 years old, who seek adventurous activities and often travel on tight budgets.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does DINKs stand for?

<p>Double Income, No Kids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who are Boomers?

<p>Generation born in the 1950s.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who are Youths in tourism?

<p>Individuals between 18 and 25 years old.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a Visitor in tourism?

<p>Anyone who falls within agreed definitions of tourism and typically involves a trip to a destination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a Tourist?

<p>A visitor who stays overnight at a destination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are Same Day Visitors in tourism?

<p>Visitors who arrive at a destination and depart on the same day.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are Travel Agents in tourism?

<p>Businesses that offer a wide range of domestic and international travel services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an outbound operator?

<p>A specialized operator focused on specific geographical regions or activities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are inbound operators located?

<p>In the destination country.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do inbound operators provide?

<p>Complete travel packages from arrival to departure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who are Local Service Providers?

<p>Local businesses that provide travel services outside major cities, near natural attractions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first steamship agent?

<p>Robert Smart.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is considered the pioneer of railway tourism?

<p>Thomas Cook.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Thomas Bennett specialize in?

<p>Arranging tours.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is adventure tourism?

<p>Exploring remote areas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of arts tourism?

<p>Exposing tourists to various forms of art.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of black tourism?

<p>Visiting sites associated with suffering and death.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the motivation for bookstore tourism?

<p>Promoting bookstores as destinations for group travel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the emphasis of culinary tourism?

<p>Experiencing local food and drink.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Tourism and Hospitality are a growing industry.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a network?

<p>A complex interconnected system of components.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Components of the tourism and hospitality network may be independent and competitive.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Food and Beverage services are essential in the tourism industry.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some types of food and beverage services?

<p>Bars and Pubs (A), Fine dining (B), Casual dining (C), Catering Services (D), Food trucks (E), Fast Food (F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Lodging involves overnight stays.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are types of lodging services?

<p>Hotels (A), Motels (B), Resorts (C), Hostels (D), Bed and Breakfasts (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of entertainment in tourism?

<p>To entertain guests.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a Travel and Tourism component?

<p>To provide primary services to travelers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Travel and Tourism components only provide food and beverage services.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a Travel Agent do?

<p>Sells travel services and organizes travel arrangements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Tour Operators?

<p>Coordinate and organize travel arrangements, including booking flights, hotels, and other services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the word Hospitality mean in its Latin origin?

<p>To receive as a guest.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a Tourist from a visitor?

<p>A Tourist stays at least 24 hours at a destination for leisure, business, or family purposes, while a visitor may be a shorter stay.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an Excursionist?

<p>A temporary visitor who stays at a destination for at least 24 hours, often for specific purposes like attending events or sightseeing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are Attractions in Tourism?

<p>Points of interest that draw visitors, including natural landmarks, historical sites, and man-made attractions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are Amenities of Facilities in tourism?

<p>Services and features offered by accommodation providers, enhancing the comfort and convenience of guests.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Accessibility in Tourism?

<p>Ease of access to a destination from the originating country.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) promotes policies aimed at improving economic and social well-being globally.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

International Tourism and Hospitality exhibits both price elasticity and income elasticity.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the economic impact of tourism and hospitality?

<p>They act as an export industry, bringing in revenues from outside sources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the types of economic effects of tourism and hospitality?

<p>Multiplier (A), Direct (B), Indirect (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Direct economic effects involve revenue directly received from tourism activities.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Indirect economic effects arise from the money paid by tourists used to pay for wages and supplies.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Multiplier effect calculates the total impact of direct and indirect effects of tourism spending.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Tourism and hospitality need support from other industries to grow.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Gee, Choy, and Makens defined travel industry as a composite of both public and private organizations.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are natural resources in tourism?

<p>Elements that contribute to visitor enjoyment, including climate, flora, fauna, and water supply.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Infrastructure in tourism?

<p>Essential underlying systems such as underground construction, transportation, and ground facilities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is hospitality in tourism?

<p>The cultural friendliness, willingness to serve, and positive interaction between the locals and tourists.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Changing demographics have no impact on the tourism market.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Traditional vacation patterns are on the rise.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Earliest Forms of Tourism

The earliest forms of leisure tourism can be traced back to the ancient civilizations of Babylonians and Egyptians.

Egyptian Tourism

Egyptians held religious festivals as a form of tourism.

Greek Tourism

Greek tourists traveled to visit sites for healing and religious purposes, primarily by water.

Complexity of Tourism

Tourism is a complex global network influenced by various disciplines and fields of study.

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Philippine Tourism History

The Philippines has a rich history influenced by Asian, European, and American cultures.

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Intramuros

Intramuros, a walled city, was built by Spanish colonizers in 1571.

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Pearl of the Orient Seas

The Philippines earned the nickname "Pearl of the Orient Seas" but faced decline after World War II due to a devastated economy and destroyed heritage sites.

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Recreational Tourism

Tourism focused on relaxation, improving physical and mental health.

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Cultural Sightseeing

Tourism focused on exploring history, culture, traditions, and habits of a place.

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Social Tourism

Tourism focused on gathering with people with shared interests.

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Therapeutic Tourism

Tourism focused on rehabilitation and treatment of illness, fitness, and relaxation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Sports Tourism

Tourism focused on observing or participating in sporting events.

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Exploration Tourism

Tourism focused on exploring flora and fauna in protected areas.

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Eco Tourism

Tourism focused on responsible travel that conserves the environment and benefits local communities.

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Adventure Tourism

Tourism focused on activities that test physical and mental abilities, often involving adventure and risk.

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Professional Tourism

Tourism focused on professional activities like business trips, conferences, and fairs.

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Political Tourism

Tourism focused on political purposes, such as attending political events or conferences.

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Shopping Tourism

Tourism focused on shopping at various destinations.

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Specific Tourism

Tourism focused on shared interests and activities among a group, such as visiting museums or attending festivals.

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Domestic Tourism

Tourism within the borders of a country.

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International Tourism (Inbound)

Tourism that involves foreigners visiting a country.

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International Tourism (Outbound)

Tourism that involves residents of a country traveling abroad.

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Short-Term Tourism

Tourism that involves visits lasting up to 3 days.

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Long-Term Tourism

Tourism that involves visits lasting more than 3 days.

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Individual Tourism

Tourism involving individuals or families traveling independently.

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Group Tourism

Organized tourism with a group of travelers.

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Mass Tourism

Large-scale tourism involving many participants, often for events like pilgrimages or sport events.

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Organized Tourism

Tourism organized and arranged by specialized travel agencies.

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Non-Organized Tourism

Tourism arranged independently, without the assistance of travel agencies.

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Commercial Tourism

Tourism where all services are paid for by the customer.

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Bound Tourism

Tourism that requires membership to a specific organization.

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Dealer Tourism

Tourism where sellers offer a complete package provided by an organizer.

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Organizer Tourism

Tourism where the organizer not only creates the package but also sells it.

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Study Notes

Tourism Industry

  • Customer satisfaction, safety, and enjoyment are key focuses of tourism businesses.

History of Tourism

  • Earliest forms of leisure tourism date back to Babylonians and Egyptians.
  • Egyptians held religious festivals.
  • Greeks travelled to visit sites for healing gods.
  • Travel was primarily by water.
  • People travelled for trade, commerce, religious purposes, festivals, medical treatment, and education.
  • Tourism is complex and interconnected globally, influenced by various disciplines.

History of Philippine Tourism

  • Migration through land bridges from the Malayan archipelago and Taiwan.
  • Traded goods with natives.
  • Philippines is the third largest English-speaking country with a rich history, combining Asian, European, and American influences.
  • Spanish colonization led to the construction of Intramuros (1571).
  • Spanish rule (1521-1898).
  • American rule (1898-1946).
  • Japanese occupation (1941-1946).
  • Philippine self-rule (1946 to present).
  • Earned the nickname "Pearl of the Orient Seas" but experienced decline after WWII.

Types of Tourism

  • Recreational: Relaxation, physical and mental improvement.

  • Cultural: Exploring history, culture, traditions, and habits of different countries.

  • Social: Meeting new people with shared interests.

  • Therapeutic: Rehabilitation, treatment, fitness, and relaxation.

  • Sports: Observation or active participation in sporting events.

  • Exploration: Visiting natural areas, flora, fauna (animal and plant life) and conversation areas.

  • Eco-tourism: Responsible travel that conserves the environment and supports local communities.

  • Adventurous (Adrenaline Sports): Activities with inherent danger, testing physical abilities.

  • Professional (Business): Business trips, participation in conferences, and industry events.

  • Political: Tourism focused on political purposes.

Types of Tourism based on Place

  • Domestic Tourism: Within the country.
  • International Tourism: Visiting other countries.
    • Active (Inbound): Foreign visitors to the country.
    • Passive (Outbound): Nationals travelling abroad.

Types of Tourism Based on Length of Stay

  • Short-term: Up to 3 days.
  • Long-term: More than 3 days.

Types of Tourism Based on Number of Participants

  • Individual: Individual or family.
  • Group: Tours.
  • Mass: Events like pilgrimages, or sports events.

Types of Tourism Based on Organization

  • Organized: Arranged by specialized agencies/companies.

  • Non-organized: Arranged independently by tourists.

  • Commercial: Fully paid by customers.

  • Dealer: Selling the complete package of an organizer.

  • Organizer: Assembles the package, and often sells it.

  • Shopping Tourism: Focused on shopping and buying goods.

Tourism and Hospitality components

  • Tourism and hospitality is a major industry.
  • Global interconnectedness.
  • The network component is complicated.

Tourism and Hospitality Services

  • Food and beverage services (Fine dining, fast food, casual dining, bars, pubs, food trucks).
  • Lodging services (Hotels, motels, bed and breakfasts, resorts, hostels).
  • Entertainment, hospitality, and entertainment services.
  • Travel and tourism components, including services like food, transport, and travel agencies.
  • Travel agents.
  • Tour operators.
  • Hospitality.
  • Tourist vs. Excursionist (Temporary visitors stay less than 24 hrs).
  • Attractions (Man-made or natural).
  • Amenities of Facilities and Accommodation.
  • Accessibility to destinations

Economic Effects of Tourism

  • Direct income received by businesses.
  • Indirect or secondary effects.
  • Multiplier effect (total effect, both direct and indirect).
  • Tourism expenditure and theory (Growth Theory).

Infrastructure and Superstructure

  • Infrastructure (Underground surface construction - water/sewage, roads).
  • Superstructure (Ground facilities - airport terminals, restaurants).

Positive Interactions with Tourists

  • Hospitality resources.
  • Cultural friendliness.
  • Willingness to serve.

Chapter 7 & 8 Marketing Issues

  • Changing demographics (preferences may vary with age).
  • Changing vacation patterns (Traditional to mini-vacations).

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