PTR-Long-Quiz1.pptx_071456.pdf

## Importance and Relevance of History ### Defining History - Greek word meaning learning or inquiry - German word is *geschichte* - Related to *geschehen*, defined as to happen - The past of mankind - Chronological record of significant events ### Classifications - **Published Materials**: Mate...

## Importance and Relevance of History ### Defining History - Greek word meaning learning or inquiry - German word is *geschichte* - Related to *geschehen*, defined as to happen - The past of mankind - Chronological record of significant events ### Classifications - **Published Materials**: Materials that have been published for public use, such as books, magazines, reading journals, travelogues, or speech transcripts. - **Manuscripts**: Handwritten or typed records that have not been released to the public, such as archival materials, memoirs, and diaries. - **Non-written Sources**: Oral history, artifacts, ruins, fossils, artworks, video and audio recordings. ### Historical Sources - Materials used for the writing of history #### 2 Types of Historical Sources: - **Primary Source**: - Produced by a contemporary of the event. - Produced by people with direct involvement. - Testimony of an eyewitness. - **Secondary Source**: - Interprets and analyzes primary sources. - Can be one or more steps removed from the actual event. ### Historical Method - **The historical method is the process of critically examining and analyzing the records and survivals of the past, as defined by Louis Gottschalk. The historical method always goes hand-in-hand with its tools called historical sources.** ### Internal and External Criticism - **Historical Criticism**: The analysis and judgment of something or someone that develops a historian's perspectives and understanding of the past. - **Required to settle historical basis based on a material's form and content.** ### Categories - **Written Sources**: Materials written and/or published by a firsthand eyewitness or the participant - **Images**: Visual documents published or made by an eyewitness, or the participant - **Artifacts**: Materials made by a firsthand eyewitness, or the participant - **Oral Testimonies**: Documented conversations written and/or published by a firsthand eyewitness, or the participant. ### The First Voyage Around The World - Historical Background - Written by Antonio Pigafetta in one of the five ships that first circumnavigated the world. - Covers the time when Ferdinand Magellan's fleet, "Armada de Molucca," started the voyage in 1519 until it was successfully returned to Spain. ### April 1, 1521 (originally March 31): - The first mass in the Philippines was held in "Mazaua." - Attended by Magellan, Rajah Kolambu, Rajah Siagu (Siaui) and local islanders. ### Customs of the Tagalogs - Historical Background - Written by Fray Juan de Plasencia in 1589. - Currently kept in *Archivo General de Indias* in Seville, Spain. - Its English version appeared in *Volume VII of Blair and Robertson's collection of Spanish documents.* - Contains extensive information about political and socio-cultural history of the Tagalog region. ### Juan Luna's Paintings - Historical Background - Illustrates literary and historical scenes that carried political commentaries. ### Fernando Amorsolo's Paintings - Historical Background - Depicted life during the late American period and Japanese occupation in the country. - Focused on rural landscapes. ### Raiders of the Sulu Sea - Historical Background - Documentary produced by *Oak3 Films* in 2008 in co-production agreement with the Media Authority of Singapore and Korean Broadcasting Commission. - Depicts the slave-raiding activities by Balangingi Samal, Illanun, and Tausug tribes under the command of the Sultan of Sulu. ### Early Tagalog Customs - Discusses the early Tagalog: - **Social Classes**: Datu, Maharlika, Timawa, Alipin (Namamahay and Saguiguin) - **Houses**: Made of bamboo, wood and nipa palm. - **Ornaments**: Adds distinction to a person (Kalumbiga and Agimat) ### Corazon Aquino's Speech Before the U.S. Congress - Historical Background - Written by Corazon Aquino as she was invited by the U.S. Congress to convene a Joint Meeting for the purpose of hearing an address from a foreign leader. - The speech was delivered seven months after being sworn into office under a revolutionary government. ### - Quote from speech: "For the nation, Ninoy became the pleasing sacrifice that answered their prayers for freedom. For myself and our children, Ninoy was a loving husband and father. His loss, three times in our lives, was always a deep and painful one."