PCQA111 Periodic Table of Elements Group VA and VB PDF

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY College of Pharmacy PCQA111 WEEK 13 At the end of this unit, the students are expected to:  Demonstrate a comprehensive understanding of the chemistry of metals, non-metals and metalloids. 2 ▪ Elements ▪...

OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY College of Pharmacy PCQA111 WEEK 13 At the end of this unit, the students are expected to:  Demonstrate a comprehensive understanding of the chemistry of metals, non-metals and metalloids. 2 ▪ Elements ▪ Properties ▪ Identification Tests ▪ Compounds and Their Uses 3  Read the available learning references before the discussion.  Search for the meaning of the following terminologies.  Listen and participate in the board discussion. 4 5 6  Group V-A elements are They could also have a 3- characterized by an outer oxidation except bismuth s2p3 electron configuration. since it does not have the Sharing of 3 or 5 outer tendency to accept electrons accounts for the electrons 3+ and 5+ oxidation states. PH3 AsH3 NH3 SbH3 BiH3 What are the elements under group VA? 10 11 Nitrogen  “Azote” without life  “Mephitic Air”  3 bonds form  Occurs free in atmosphere  Component of plant and animal tissues  Use by plants-nitrogen fixation  Black cylinder 12 Nitrogen Gas  Replace air in container for parenteral solution.  Triple bond-responsible for inertness Liquid Nitrogen  Refrigerant 13 14  Phosphorus  “St. Elmo’s Fire”  Light carrier (match) VARIETY:  White/Yellow -Poisonous  Red -Non-poisonous -Use in preparation of matches 15 16  HCO3, H2CO3 -plasma and kidneys  HPO4-2, H3PO4 -cells and kidneys  Hgb and CHON -RBC -most effective single system for buffering H2CO3 during metabolic process 17  As+3  As+5  Toxic, protoplasmic poison  Lewisite metal  Anti-syphilis discovered by Paul Erlich  Component of Salvarsan, Arsphenamine, Compound 606  Antileukemia  Preparation of various insecticide 18 SOURCE:  Arsenopyrite (Iron Arsenic Sulfide (FeAsS) )  Cu Aceto Arsenate ▪ “Paris Green”  K Arsenite ▪ “Fowler’s Solution”  Donovan’s solution ▪ Red solution containingb AsI3 or HgI2 19  Cause pale nail bonds on finger nails  Bind with sulfhydryl group ▪ Cystein-rich in sulfhydryl ▪ Curly hair-cystein ANTIDOTE:  BAL 20  When arsenic is present, a light brown spot is generated in the filter paper moistened with silver nitrate solution. 21 Arsenic Trioxide  “White Arsenic”  Tonic, Anti-leukemic  Ingredient in Paris green, Fowler’s and Donovan’s Solution.  1° standard for CeSO4 22 SOURCES:  Senarmontite (Antimony Trioxide)  Valentinite (Antimony Oxide)  Cervantite (Antimony Tetroxide) Principle Source:  Antimony glance (Stibnite)  “orange red sulfide” Pharmaceutical Uses:  expectorant, emetic, anthelmintic 23 Antimony Potassium Tartrate  “Tartar Emetic”  Component of Brown mixture  Emetic  Expectorant  Treatment of Schistosomiasis 24 Babbit Metal  Alloy of antimony  80% Tin and 20% Antimony 25  “Beautiful meadow”  Use in silvering of mirror  Pharmaceutical Uses: astringent, antiseptic, internal protective  Protoplasmic poison Adverse Effects:  Blue black lining of gums  Black stools ANTIDOTE: BAL 26 Bismuth Subcarbonate  Antacid, antiseptic, astringent Bismuth Subgallate  Active ingredient in Devrom®, an over- the-counter FDA-approved medicine commonly used to treat malodor by deodorizing flatulence and stool. 27 Bismuth Subnitrate ▪ “White bismuth” ▪ Incompatible with tragacanth (Remedy: add NaHPO4 ) ▪ Used in the treatment of ulcer and inflammation of the GIT 28 Milk of Bismuth  “Bismuth Cream”  Bi(OH)3 + Bismuth Subcarbonate  For H. pylori  Internal protective for gastric ulcer 29 30 NH4+  Nessler’s reagent (alkaline K2HgI4): orange ppt of HgO.HgNH2I (iodide of Millon’s base)  Heated with strong alkali: evolution of NH3 detected by its characteristic odor and change red litmus paper to blue. CN-  AgNO3:white ppt of AgCN insoluble in HNO3  Hg2(NO3)2: black ppt of metallic Hg SCN-  FeCl3: blood red solution of Fe(SCN)2+  If HAc or dilute H2SO4 is used instead of conc H2SO4, the brown ring will appear only for nitrite. Sb3+ H2S: orange ppt of Sb2S3 soluble in Na2S Al metal: black ppt of metallic Sb insoluble in NaOBr reagent (Sodium hypobromide reagent) Bi3+ H2S: brownish black ppt of Bi2S3 insoluble in Na2S reagent Na2SnO2: black ppt of metallic Bi 35 36  They form Elements of this compounds with group do not show oxidation states of much similarity to 2+ through 5+, the the group V-A lower valence elements except as states become related to their less stable as the electronic structure. atomic number increases  However, in the higher oxidation states, the bonding becomes more covalent along with increasing volatility of the compounds.  Although they show a good reducing action on the basis of oxidation potentials, they are inert to chemical action in finely divided form.  It is this property of tantalum, which permits it to be used for corrosion-resistant applications in medicine, What are the elements under group VB? 39 40 Tantalum  Unaffected by bloody fluid  Use in sheet form for surgical repair of bones, nerves, tissues  Corrosion resistant 41 Vanadium  It is a hard, silvery gray, ductile and malleable transition metal. Niobium  It is a soft, grey, ductile transition metal, which is often found in the pyrochlore mineral, the main commercial source for niobium, and columbite. 42  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KM0V 1rQ_JlE 43  1. GIVE THE 5 2. GIVE THE 3. GIVE ELEMENTS UNDER CHARACTERISTICS IDENTIFICATION GROUP VA. OF GROUP VB TESTS FOR GROUP ELEMENTS. VA. 1. Please take Quiz #__ on _______. You have 20 minutes to complete this quiz. ▪ Questions : 20 questions ▪ Time Limit : 20 minutes 45  Qualitative Analysis by Esmarch S. Gilreath Remington: The Science and Practice of Pharmacy 21st Edition 46 ANY QUESTIONS? You can find me at: [email protected],ph 47