Psych 150 - Developmental Psychology PDF

Psych 150 – Developmental Psychology A Child Is Born Into A Family Three Stages of Childbirth Figure 3.5  The Apgar Scale Appearance Pulse...

Psych 150 – Developmental Psychology A Child Is Born Into A Family Three Stages of Childbirth Figure 3.5  The Apgar Scale Appearance Pulse Grimace Activity Respiration RubberBall Productions. Table 3-1 APGAR Scale Sign 0 Points 1 Point 2 Points A Appearance Blue-gray, pale all Normal, except for Normal over (skin color) over extremities entire body P Pulse Absent Below 100 bpm Above 100 bpm G Grimace (reflex No response Grimace Sneezes, irritability) coughs, pulls away A Activity (muscle Absent Arms and legs Active movement tone) flexed R Respiration Absent Slow, irregular Good, crying A score is given for each sign at one minute and five minutes after the birth. If there are problems with the baby, an additional score is given at ten minutes. A score of seven to ten is considered normal, whereas four to seven might require some resuscitative measures, and a baby with an Apgar score under four requires immediate resuscitation.  Birth Complications Oxygen deprivation (anoxia) Breech position Rh factor incompatibility RubberBall Productions  Medical Interventions in Childbirth Fetal monitoring Medication – analgesics – anesthetics Cesarean delivery RubberBall Productions  Preterm and Small-for-Date Babies Preterm Small-for-Date Born weeks May be born at due before their due date or preterm date Below expected May be weight for length of appropriate pregnancy weight for length of pregnancy  Pregnancy Length and Infant Survival/Disability Figure 3.6  At-Risk Infants On an average day in the U.S. 10,799 Babies are born 1354 Babies are born to teen mothers 817 Babies are born low birthweight 410 Babies are born to mothers who receive late or no prenatal care 156 Babies are born very low birthweight (