UTS Reviewer Midterms - Zamierre Delatorre BSN 1D - PDF

***UTS REVIEWER MIDTERMS /*** ***ZAMIERRE DELATORRE BSN 1D*** ***LESSON: 1 INTRODUCTION TO UTS*** - ***S.E.L.F =** SOCIAL, ENVIRONMENAL, AND OTHER LIFE FACTORS* - ***"Self\"** refers to the union of* *elements (body, emotions,* *thoughts and sensations) that* *constitute the i...

***UTS REVIEWER MIDTERMS /*** ***ZAMIERRE DELATORRE BSN 1D*** ***LESSON: 1 INTRODUCTION TO UTS*** - ***S.E.L.F =** SOCIAL, ENVIRONMENAL, AND OTHER LIFE FACTORS* - ***"Self\"** refers to the union of* *elements (body, emotions,* *thoughts and sensations) that* *constitute the individuality and* *identity of a person.* - ***"I" & "ME" I-** as an actor **Me-** as an object* ***MOST PREVALENT ISSUES ON SELF*** ***1. Nature vs. Nurture*** ***2. Identity vs. Self*** ***3. Dimensions of Self*** ***[NATURE VS NURTURE]*** - *Product of **natural processes*** - *Anchored in biology and genetics from which it explains that human traits are passed or **hereditary*** - *Blueprint of the self* ***IDENTITY VS SELF*** - *The qualities, **beliefs**, **characteristics** etc., that make a particular person or group **different** from others. Or the distinguishing character or personality of an individuals* - *The person that someone normally or truly is or the entire person of an individual* ***DIMENSIONS OF SELF*** 1. ***SOCIAL** - Influences of significant people in one's life such as the family, peers, classmates, schoolmates, teachers etc.* - *Personality is defined as the individual patterns of thinking, feeling* *and behaving.* 2. ***ENVIRONMENTAL** - Natural forces that give less effects or influences to one's being* 3. ***HEREDITARY** - is a biological process by which certain traits and characteristics are passed from generation to another.* 4. ***PERSON-VOLITION -** It is the inclination of a person to form and construct a specific identity that will set him apart from others.* - *Not deviant but can turn into trend setters, revolutionaries, discoverers and inventors.* *LESSON 2: WHAT PHILOSOPHY SAYS ABOUT THE SELF.* - *The Self has been defined as "as a* *[unified being], essentially connected to [consciousness], [awareness], and [agency].* *SOCRATES ("KNOW THYSELF")* - ***[The aphorism]** (or principle) was used by Socrates as his guiding principle that he passed on to his students. Since Socrates believed that the [real self is not the physical body,] [but rather the psyche (or soul).]* - *("[know thyself]"), ("[The unexamined life is not worth living]"), ("[Bring inner self to light]") - **SOCRATES*** *- From him came the popular [Socratic Method]* *- "Man is a being who thinks and wills."* *- Puts more regard to the soul rather than the human body* *THE DOCTRINE OF* *SOCRATES* * Knowledge is virtue.* * Socratic Irony* * The Art of Good Living* *THE SELF ACCORDING TO SOCRATES* - *The immortal soul that, in some sense, "resides", in the body and is* *separated from it at death to be born again.* - *THE TRUE SELF IS NOT THE BODY BUT THE SOUL.* *THE PHILOSOPHY OF PLATO* - *Plato, Socrates' prized student, thoroughly expound on Socrates ideas of self. Plato's conceptualization of the Self was profoundly introduced in his dialogue Phaedrus,* - *the existence or the truth about the human self is fundamentally an intellectual entity whose nature* *exists independent from the physical world.* - ***the truth or reality into two**: the "ontos" (ideal), the ultimate reality which tend to be permanent and spiritual, and the "phenomena" which refers to the manifestation of the -iideal. In contrast with ontos, phenomena is impermanent and inferior to the latter.* ***PHILOSOPHERS AND THEIR PHILOPHIES*** ***CLASSICAL ANTIQUITY*** ***([Philosopher]**, [Orientation], [Philosophy])* - ***[Socrates]**, [Idealism], [Socratic Philosophy]* - ***[Plato]**, I[dealism,] [Dualism and Idealism]* - *[**Aristotle**,] [Empiricist], [Aristotelian Philosophy]* *MIDDLE AGES* - ***[St. Augustine]** [Platonism] [Neoplatonism]* *RENAISSANCE* - *[**Descartes**,] [Rationalist], [Mind-body Dualism]* - ***[Locke]**, [Empiricist,] [Theory of Personal Identity]* - ***[Hume,]** [Empiricist,] [Skeptical Philosophy]* - *[**Kant**,] [Rationalist/ Empiricist,] [Metaphysics of the Self]* *MODERN TIMES* - ***[Ryle]**, [Empiricist], [The Concept of Mind]* - *[**Churchland**, Empiricist, Neurophilosophy]* - ***[Merleau- Ponty]**, [Existentialism Empiricist,] [Phenomenology of Perception]* - ***RENE DECARTS**- (THE SOUL AND THE [ ] BODY)* - ***JHON LOCKE-*** *1. Man (our biological make up, similar to animals)* *2. Person (a "Self", or what our identity consists of)* - ***IMANNUEL KANT-*** *1. Self is transcendental **([independent of experience).]** Means the self is related to a **spiritua**l or **nonphysical realm.*** *2.Components of self -- (INNER SELF, OUTER SELF)* - ***CHURCHLAND-** (The sense of "self" originated from the brain itself.)* - ***[Merleau- Ponty- ]*** *1. Rejected the **Cartisian mind**-and body dualism.* *2. Insisted that the mind and body are intrinsically connected.* * Self as an embodied **subjectivity.*** * All knowledge of ourselves and our world is based on subjective experiences.* *LESSON 3: WHAT SCIENCE SAYS ABOUT THE SELF* *SCIENTIFIC PERSPECTIVES OF THE SELF* - *Science is defined as the intellectual* *and practical activity encompassing* *the systematic structure and* *behavior of the **PHYSICAL** and* ***NATURAL** world through* ***OBSERVATION** and **EXPERIMENT.*** ***SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF SELF*** ***PHYSICAL SCIENCES*** *-HUMANBODY* *-UNDERLYINGGROWTH* *-MATURATIONAL MECHANISMS* *-ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES* ***SOCIAL SCIENCES*** *-INSTITUTIONS* *-CULTURES* *-INTERPERSONALRELATIONS* *BIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES* - ***DNA** is a unique identifying part of every individual.It is the main constituent of chromosomes and the carrier of genetic information.* - *NO TWO INDIVIDUALS SHARE THE EXACTSAME DNA.* *PHYSICAL PERSPECTIVES* - ***CONSCIOUSNESS,** a fundamental core* *of the self, is influenced by inner dynamics and environment.* *NEUROPHILOSOPHY* - *It is concerned with the association of the **BRAIN** and the **MIND.*** - *Philosophical notions of **FREEWILL, COMMONSENSE**, and **CONSCIENTIOUSNESS** must be explained in the context of **[NEUROSCIENCE]** as advances in this field seemingly converge with how people **THINK**, **FEEL** and **BEHAVE.*** *PSYCHONEUROIMMUNOLOGY* - *describes the shaping of the self as similar to how the human immune system functions.* *NATURAL SCIENCE* - *is a fountain of information in* *understanding oneself,* *especially in the fields of* ***BIOLOGY**, **MEDICINE**,* ***COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE*** *and even **CHEMISTRY**.* *SOCIALSCIENCES* *are concerned with human functioning in the **context of society** and social institutions**. PSYCHOLOGY**,* ***SOCIOLOGY,** **ANTHROPOLOGY,** **POLITICS** and **ECONOMICS** are some* *of the social sciences that have contributed to the study of the SELF.* *PSYCHOLOGY* - *defined as the **STUDY OF*** ***HUMAN BEHAVIOR*** ***OBJECTS OF THEPSYCHOLOGICAL CONSTRUCTS*** 1. ***SELF-AWARENESS-** describes the consciousness of individuals about their strengths, weaknesses, potentials as well as the underlying factors that contribute to such aspects of the self* 2. ***SELF-CONSTRUAL** -refers to self is defined independently of other or* *interdependently with others.* 3. ***SELF ESTEEM**-is how we value and perceive ourselves. Based on our* *opinions and beliefs about ourselves, which can feel difficult to change.* 4. ***SELF-EFFICACY** - an individual\'s belief in their capacity to act in* *the ways necessary to reach goals.* 5. ***SELF-CONCEPT** - It is a description of how one **LOOKS LIKE, SOUNDS LIKE,** and **BEHAVESLIKE.*** ***SOCIOLOGY*** ***FAMILY**, **CRIME**, **RELIGION,** **POVERTY**, **EDUCATION** and the like are specific domain of study within **SOCIOLOGY.*** ***ANTHROPOLOGY*** *Focuses on:* - *EVOLUTION OF INDIVIDUALS & THEIR SOCIETIES* - *SPECIFIC CULTURAL TOOLS EMBEDDED WITH INGENERATIONS* - *CULTURAL EVOLUTIONS* - *EVOLUTIONARY BEHAVIOR* - *ADVANCEMENTOF CULTURAL TOOLS* *POLITICAL SCIENCE* - *participation of individuals in establishing a government and making a **political choice.*** ***ECONOMICS*** - *This describes and analyzes* *the **production**, **distribution*** *and **consumption** of goods* *and services* *LESSON 4: UNLOCKING THE* *BIOLOGICAL SELF* *"THE [PHYSICAL] AND [SEXUAL] SELF.* * **GENOTYPE** it refers information embedded within one's gene* * **PHENOTYPE** it\'s the physical expression of a particular trait.* *MATURATION* - *known as the **completion of growth** of a **genetic character** within an organism or the unfolding of an individual's inherent traits or potential.* *ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONING* * as you grow up, you are exposed to **environmental influences** that shape your physical self, including those from your **social networks**, **societal expectations,** and **cultural practices.*** ***FAMILY*** - *being your **first social group**, forms a* *crucial foundation of your development,* *ACHIEVING PHYSICAL WELL-BEING* - *Healthy Eating* - *Embracing A Healthy Lifestyle* - *Maintaining Proper Hygiene.* - *Being Confident.* *THE SEXUAL DIMENSION OF SELF* *"Sexual curiosity is at its peak adolescents engage in sexual activity influenced by biological and socio-cultural factors."* *THE BIOLOGY OF SEX* *At Birth, The Sexual Genital (**Penis** for Male, **Vagina** for Female) Is A Biological Feature That Distinguishes Males from Females.* *SEXUAL IDENTITY AND GENDER ORIENTATION.* * **biological sex** is one's assignment upon birth and is dependent on physical feature.* * **gender is an identity** that is learned and embraced by individual.* *THE CONSEQUENCES OF SEXUAL SELF.* * sexual intercourse (copulation) is the reproductive act in which the **male organ** (penis) [enters] the **female's reproductive tract** (vagina).* * adolescents couples who **engage in sexual intercourse** are **usually overwhelmed by the sensations they feel during the act.*** *FOUR PHASES OF SEXUAL RESPONSE CYCLE* *1. EXCITEMENT* *2. PLATEAU* *3. ORGASM* *4. RESOLUTION* *RESPONSIBLE SEXUAL BEHAVIOR* *1. RESPECT FOR ONE'S BODY* *2. MATURITY IN THOUGHTS AND DEEDS* *3. BEING GUIDED BY ONE'S PERSONAL BELIEFS AND CORE VALUES* *4. BEING FUTURE-ORIENTED* *DONEEE* *Zzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz...*