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TINA: -​ There is no alternative -​ Declared by Margeret that there is not another option to free market capitalism -​ TINA is one main source of skepticism -​ We should reject TINA because there are alternatives - Social democracy in Denmark - Public banks in i...

TINA: -​ There is no alternative -​ Declared by Margeret that there is not another option to free market capitalism -​ TINA is one main source of skepticism -​ We should reject TINA because there are alternatives - Social democracy in Denmark - Public banks in india - Gender equality in sweden - Our world needs alternatives taking ideas from all over the world “They… brought us parrots and balls of cotton and spears and many other things…. -​ Was said when Christopher Columbus arrived in Bahamas October 13th, 1942 -​ He believed he could make them servants and do whatever he pleased with them -​ 60 yrs after columbus 99.8% of haiti died -​ This was the beginning of colonialism Colonialism -​ involves people who settle and live permanently in a new territory. -​ For example the number of indigenous ppl before columbus (10 million) has now decreased -​ Colonialism in Canada involves the indigenous ppl -​ Indian act was put in place to westernize the culture -​ Chris Columbus saw natives as ignorant so treated them how he wanted Two Row Wampum -​ first agreement between Europeans and indigenous nations -​ This is significant because it was first step for recognition that the Europeans were in the wrong and were seeking forgiveness -​ Not meant to be seen as father and son but as brothers providing mutual respect for each other Formal freedom vs real freedom Formal Freedom: the legal freedoms which are enforced by laws, charters and institutions -​ Right to vote -​ Freedom of speech -​ Equality Real Freedom: actual ability to have rights and allowing ppl to have those rights -​ Free education -​ Accessible transportation Eurocentrism -​ Idea that european culture is better than the rest of the world -​ Bias that heavily impacted colonialism  Residential Schools -​ Made to kill the “indian child” -​ Run by white christians -​ Had 150,000 over a century -​ Mass genocide and led to indigenous population decrease The TRC report -​ Truth and Reconciliation Commission Report -​ Significance was to improve relationship between indigenous and government -​ TRC states that the Goal of Canada's aboriginal policy was to eliminate aboriginal governments, ignore their rights, terminate treaties and assimilate the people into Canada Indian Act -​ Gave Canadian Government the right to take control of indigenous people's lives. -​ removed from their land and placed in reserves -​ Not allowed to vote until 1960 -​ significant because it demonstrates a genocide on indigenous people and the mistreating of this race. Indigenous Sovereignty -​ The idea that the indigenous possess inherent rights to self-determination -​ Equality for them within indigenous system -​ Implementing recommendations of the TRC “It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker that we expect… -​ Quote by Adam Smith in his book the Wealth of Nations -​ Argued that individuals using their private property for selfish ends, will end up benefiting everybody -​ When people look out for their own self-interests, others benefit. -​ believed greed was beneficial to the economy Mondragon -​ Co-op based company in spain that builds busses -​ Coops are governed by 10 principles -​ One of the most successful coops -​ Mini parliament like congress Worker Cooperative -​ Democratic ran company -​ Shared profits -​ Purpose driven -​ Employment Stability -​ Fair wages -​ Community benefits Social Democracy  -​ Everyone should decide how they live -​ Minimal government involvement -​ Significant because true freedom cannot be expressed in a free market -​ Balance between capitalism and socialism Neoliberalism -​ free markets are the best way to organize the economy -​ state should be kept at a minimum -​ expand the market and minimize the state -​ 2 Main Neoliberal Arguments: Efficiency & Freedom Marxism -​ Developed by Karl Marx -​ that society is divided into classes: capitalists vs. workers. -​ workers can only survive by selling their labour to the owners, to get wage -​ Bosses want money for themselves Anarchism -​ Against violence -​ opposed to prison and police -​ opposed racism because they see it as a structure of violence and domination of one race over another -​ opposed patriarchy because they see it as a form of cultural oppression and violence Nordic Countries -​ Denmark, Iceland, Finland, Sweden, Norway (SNIFD) -​ Sweden is the most dominant of the social democratic movement -​ Reduced inequality -​ Good welfare system -​ provide free tuition; and they have the highest test scores in the world Decommodification -​ The process of reducing the role of the market in providing goods and services -​ decommodification is reversing the process of commodity to make the world and people more unique Vanguard -​ Leading group in any movement or organization -​ the vanguard is meant to lead the people in the right direction based on the idea that by themselves, they are unable to realize what is in their best interests. -​ They take actions to draw larger sections of the working class toward revolutionary politics Exploitation  -​ the attempt by bosses to extract the maximum amount of effort from the workers for minimal amount of pay so they can maximize the profits -​ every capitalist business works by exploiting its workers -​ example: taking advantage of illegal immigrants to work for cheap for big boss benefits Prefigurative politics -​ the attempt by a social movement to realize their ideals for a future society here and now -​ achieving fundamental social change requires us to prefigure that change in the here-and-now. -​ Encourages people to fight for their rights Market failures -​ The market does not supply what the population is demanding -​ Neoliberals think that market failures are rare, and not a big deal -​ Socialists tend to think the opposite Negative externalities -​ when producing a product, these are the things that are not included in the cost or price of making it -​ it is a cost born by neither the buyer nor the seller -​ they are an example of market failures -​ example: the damage producing products has on the environment (pollution) Subconscious bias -​ Implicit or unconscious bias operates outside of the person's awareness and can directly contradict a person's beliefs -​ Significance is that this controls many of the decisions that people make even if they are not aware. White privilege -​ rights or immunities granted to people as a particular benefit or favor simply because they are white -​ Education,criminal system etc What riding my bike has taught me about white privilege -​ Dowsett points out that the issue is not really an individual problem, it's a structural one. -​ Compares Drivers privilege over bikers to white privilege -​ Roads were built with the car in mind, not the bike Reverse racism -​ prejudice, discrimination on the basis of race directed against a member of a dominant or privileged racial group -​ minorities can't systematically affect their jobs, income, drug addictions etc.) -​ Since black or indigenous people do not usually hold structural power over white people -​ it doesn't make sense to talk of "racism" in this context “Not only is the overall inequality between world citizens greater in the early 21st century…  -​ Milanovic argues that in the 1850s, the major conflict in the world was that of class, the major issue today is not class conflict, but global uneven development. 85% of global income differences is now due to large gaps in mean income between countries; only 15% due to internal class. Eco-apartheid -​ Environmental benefits and burdens are distributed unequally with other factors leading to systemic environmental justice -​ significant because it is a tool of oppression -​ the rich live in the healthiest and most productive habitats; impoverished people and colored people are often segregated in slums and degraded landscapes Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell -​ Policy enforced by Toronto school board -​ Don't ask for passport, don't tell immigration authorities. -​ Kids will not be asked for citizenship to go to school -​ you can now send your kid to school without the fear of getting deported. Democratic Socialism -​ Trying to combine the best aspects of capitalism -​ Capital firms should be replaced with worker co op -​ Higher taxes on the rich -​ Lots of regulations Eco-socialism -​ Everyone has the right to work any number of hours they want and can decide to go part time -​ Guaranteed economic security -​ Tons of free public services -​ Housing, free uni and free daycare Basic Income -​ a system of unconditional income to every citizen. -​ A Basic Income would vary with age, but with no other conditions, so everyone of -​ the same age would receive the same Basic Income, whatever their gender, employment status, family structure, contribution to society, housing costs, or anything else. Second Wave -​ Began in the early 1960s, most visibly and influentially in the United States. -​ Broadened the focus of all kinds of discrimination faced by women in terms of sexuality, family, the workplace and reproductive rights. -​ Introduced maternity leave -​ More about equality Third Wave -​ Third-wave feminism began in the 1990s. it arose partially as a response to the perceived failures of second-wave feminism, which was primarily based around the experiences of white, middle-class women and was not a proper representation of all women. -​ focused on the experiences of women of colour, queer, and trans women -​ More about respecting differences Sex vs Gender -​ Sex = biological difference between a male and a female -​ Gender = gender identity, how the person identifies themselves -​ gender is socially constructed Gendered Division of Labour -​ the problem with gender assumption that women are natural homemakers and men are natural breadwinners leads to diff kinds of inequalities -​ example: it results in women taking more time off than men , therefore women will advance more slowly in their careers and get paid less than men. Cisgender -​ This term describes people who still identify with the same gender that they were assigned at birth, so it's the opposite of transgender -​ It relates to a major theme in the course, which is gender inequality and sex vs gender, which is a big social problem Black Lives Matter -​ an international movement, originating in the African-american community, that campaigns against violence and systematic racism towards black people -​ They regularly hold protests against police killings of black people and broader issues such as racial profiling and racial inequality -​ Fights white supremacy, and systematic racism against black people The Sixties Scoop -​ Wide scale apprehension of Aboriginal children by welfare authorities -​ Removed thousands of children from homes -​ By 1970s 70% of indigenous ppl were in non indigenous homes -​ By 1980, 4.5% of first nations were in care Economic Inequality -​ Economic inequality is the uneven distribution of money and resources among people in a society -​ These inequalities can exist within a country or between countries -​ Discrimination  -​ Capitalism The Nakba -​ Catastrophe -​ Israeli army aimed to cleanse palestine villages -​ 700,000 palestinian forced to leave homes Zionism -​ Israel should be a full jewish state -​ Highly racist -​ Come to takeover land and stay (colonialism) -​ Cleared the land of natives Apartheid in the West Bank -​ No freedom -​ Segregation of palestinians -​ No access to new wells -​ Palestinians cant vote -​ 800,000 palestinians have been arrested