Session 7: Industrial Revolution to 19th Century PDF

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, & SOCIETY CHAPTER 1: HISTORICAL ANTECEDENTS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 1 LESSON 2: A GLIMPSE ON THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2 SESSION 7: INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION TO 19TH CENTURY 3 SCRIPTWRITER: EULOGIO S. AUXTERO, JR. 4 CONTENT L...

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, & SOCIETY CHAPTER 1: HISTORICAL ANTECEDENTS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 1 LESSON 2: A GLIMPSE ON THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2 SESSION 7: INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION TO 19TH CENTURY 3 SCRIPTWRITER: EULOGIO S. AUXTERO, JR. 4 CONTENT LECTURER: EULOGIO S. AUXTERO, JR. 5 6 COPYRIGHT NOTICE: 7 8 Copyright 2020. All rights reserved. This material is a property of 9 Caraga State University. Unauthorized production, distribution, or 10 storage of this material in any format is prohibited. 11 12 CUE IN TITLE SLIDE 13 UNIT I: GENERAL CONCEPTS AND STS HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS HISTORY OF SCIENCE AND TECNOLOGY IN THE WORLD INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION TO 19TH CENTURY EULOGIO S. AUXTERO JR Physics Instructor, Department of Physics Caraga State University – Main Campus 14 15 Welcome to Science, Technology, and Society class. I am Mr. EULOGIO S. 16 AUXTERO JR, in this session let us continue learning the history of 17 science and technology in the world: from Industrial revolution to 19th 18 century. 19 20 CUE FIRST SLIDE Massive transformations were on agriculture, demographic, INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION manufacturing, and transportation contributing to a positive effect on the culture, economics, and social climate of the countries 21 22 It was during the industrial revolution science has allowed to be part 23 of solving the problems in society, thereby inviting support from the 24 government and private sectors. During these times, evident and massive 25 transformations were on agriculture, demographic, manufacturing, and 26 transportation contributing to a positive effect on the culture, 27 economics, and social climate of the countries. The prominent discoveries 28 and inventions include textile manufacturing, mining, metallurgy, and 29 transport driven by a steam engine, and the construction of the Iron 30 Bridge. 31 EULOGIO S. AUXTERO, JR., AVIEL SHEEN V. DUMAICOS, & GLADYS G. EDILO | Department of Physics | Caraga State University - Main Campus  SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, & SOCIETY CHAPTER 1: HISTORICAL ANTECEDENTS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 32 CUE SECOND SLIDE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION Age of Reason The start of individual and 18TH novel experiments sparked like Newton and others CENTURY Women in Science The struggle of women to be part of the scientific community is evident. Only the rich and famous are given chances to be part 33 34 The transition to 18th century is commonly referred to as the Age of 35 Reason and does not rely on the ancient texts, so they managed to begin 36 conducting their researches. Newton's discovery on the fundamental laws 37 governing the motion and universal gravitation provided insights to some 38 scientists on their respective field of experiments. Also, The struggle 39 of women to be part of the scientific community is evident. 40 41 CUE THIRD SLIDE SCIENTISTS’ Isaac Newton CONTRIBUTION Formulated the Law of Universal Charles Coulomb Gravitation and the Laws of Motion Showed the electrical force and the Corpuscular Theory between charges in his Coulomb’s Law James Watt Developed a practical steam Gabriel Fahrenheit engine and became the cheap invented mercury-filled source of power thermometer basing on the freezing and boiling point of water 42 43 Here are some of the notable scientist with their contributions during 44 this period, Isaac Newton (1643 – 1727, Formulated the Law of Universal 45 Gravitation and the Laws of Motion and the Corpuscular Theory 46 47 Charles Coulomb (1736-1806), Showed the electrical force between charges 48 as affected by the charge magnitude and the separation distance, known 49 as Coulomb’s Law 50 51 James Watt (1736 – 1819), Developed a practical steam engine and became 52 the cheap source of power 53 CUE FOURTH SLIDE SCIENTISTS’ CONTRIBUTION Edmond Halley Antoine Lavoisier Showed that Newton’s Laws applied to comets and he analyzed the Provided evidence of the pattern of occurrences of comets conservation of mass and published articles explaining the role of oxygen in the burning of objects Laura Bassi Caroline Herschel The first woman to earn professorship focused on the astronomical research at a university. She provided giving the discovery of periodic experimental research on Franklinian comets named after her, Electricity 35P/Herschel-Rigollet EULOGIO S. AUXTERO, JR., AVIEL SHEEN V. DUMAICOS, & GLADYS G. EDILO | Department of Physics | Caraga State University - Main Campus  SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, & SOCIETY CHAPTER 1: HISTORICAL ANTECEDENTS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 54 55 Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686 – 1736), In 1714, he created mercury-filled 56 thermometer basing on the freezing and boiling point of water 57 58 Edmond Halley (1656 – 1742), Showed that Newton’s Laws applied to comets 59 and he analyzed the pattern of occurrences of comets. 60 61 Antoine Lavoisier (1743 – 1794), provided evidence of the conservation 62 of mass and published articles explaining the role of oxygen in the 63 burning of objects 64 65 Caroline Herschel (1750 -1848), focused on the astronomical research 66 giving the discovery of periodic comets named after her, 35P/Herschel- 67 Rigollet 68 69 Laura Bassi (1711 – 1778), the first woman to earn professorship at a 70 university. She provided experimental research on Franklinian 71 Electricity. 72 73 74 CUE FIFTH SLIDE William Whewell Coined the term “Scientist” Science 19TH During this time, Chemistry and CENTURY Physics developed considerably Mathematics After a long stagnation of mathematics, the discovery and development of mathematical science of logic gave breakthroughs 75 76 By the entry of the 19th century, William Whewell coined "scientist" in 77 1833. The affirmation of the germ theory disease, formulation of rabies 78 vaccine, creation of the periodic table of elements, discovery of atomic 79 theory, electromagnetism, and thermodynamics were just a few of the 80 breakthroughs and development in the field of science. Inventions also 81 like telegraphy, telephones, the incandescent light bulb, sewing 82 machines, and agricultural machinery like reapers, bicycles, and 83 steamships were present in the 19th century. 84 85 CUE SIXTH SLIDE SCIENTISTS’ CONTRIBUTION Alessandro Volta Creation of electric battery known as voltaic pile thereby improving Charles Darwin the study of electric currents Proposed the theory of evolution, proposing that all species have descended over time from common ancestors Louis Pasteur Discovery on the principles of vaccination, fermentation by use of bacteria and pasteurization 86 87 Here are some notable scientists with their contribution during this 88 period. EULOGIO S. AUXTERO, JR., AVIEL SHEEN V. DUMAICOS, & GLADYS G. EDILO | Department of Physics | Caraga State University - Main Campus  SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, & SOCIETY CHAPTER 1: HISTORICAL ANTECEDENTS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 89 Alessandro Volta, Creation of electric battery known as voltaic pile 90 thereby improving the study of electric currents. 91 92 Charles Darwin, Proposed the theory of evolution, proposing that all 93 species have descended over time from common ancestors. 94 95 Louis Pasteur, Discovery on the principles of vaccination, fermentation 96 by use of bacteria and pasteurization 97 98 CUE SEVENTH SLIDE SCIENTISTS’ CONTRIBUTION Dmitri Mendeleev Formulation of the periodic law and Alfred Nobel the creation of Periodic Table of Elements Recognized for his invention of dynamite and the creation of the Nobel Prize Nikola Tesla Introduced the concept of rotating magnetic field 99 100 Dmitri Mendeleev, formulation of the periodic law and the creation of 101 the Periodic Table of Elements 102 103 Nikola Tesla, introduced the concept of a rotating magnetic field 104 105 Alfred Nobel, Recognized for his invention of dynamite and the creation 106 of the Nobel Prize. 107 108 CUE LAST SLIDE Thank you for Listening! Next session: HISTORY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY IN THE WORLD: 20TH CENTURY TO 21ST CENTURY 109 110 Thank you for listening. In the next session we will be exploring the 111 History of Science and Technology in the World: The 20th Century to 21st 112 Century. EULOGIO S. AUXTERO, JR., AVIEL SHEEN V. DUMAICOS, & GLADYS G. EDILO | Department of Physics | Caraga State University - Main Campus