Portage_learning__Bio_102_module_4_exam_ practice.pdf

Question 1 4 / 4 pts Multiple Choice: Sweating is an example of which of the following? Radiation Conduction Convection Correct! Evaporation Question 2 4 / 4 pts...

Question 1 4 / 4 pts Multiple Choice: Sweating is an example of which of the following? Radiation Conduction Convection Correct! Evaporation Question 2 4 / 4 pts Fill in the blank Nephrons contain a ball of capillaries called the ________ that contributes to the processing of filtrate and urine. Your Answer: Answer: glomerulus (See section 4.2 in the module) Question 3 4 / 4 pts What type of feedback involves a stimulus being amplified? Your Answer: Answer: Positive feedback (See section 4.1 in the module) Question 4 4 / 4 pts Insulin is manufactured by which islet cell type? Your Answer: Answer: Beta cells of the islets (See section 4.1 in the module) Question 5 4 / 4 pts What blood protein does renin target? This study source was downloaded by 100000849778308 from CourseHero.com on 07-15-2024 16:35:00 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/98469899/Portage-learning-Bio-102-module-4-exam-docx/  Answer: Angiotensinogen (See section 4.2 in the module) Question 6 4 / 4 pts Multiple Choice: Which of the following statements is true of ghrelin? It is a hormone secreted by the cells of the small intestine. It stimulates feelings of satiety. Correct! It stimulates feelings of hunger. It stimulates neurons of the pituitary gland. Question 7 4 / 4 pts What is a major risk factor for heat exhaustion? Explain why it is a risk factor. Your Answer: Answer: A risk factor for heat exhaustion is the relative humidity of the air, specifically humidity above 60%, in conjunction with high temperatures. This combination poses a danger for those partaking in strenuous outdoor activities. Essentially, the evaporative cooling mechanisms are hampered by the humidity because sweat does not evaporate as quickly. (See section 4.3 in the module) Question 8 4 / 4 pts True or False. If false, explain why it is false. Calcitonin is released when blood calcium levels drop below the set point. Answer: False, Calcitonin is released when blood calcium levels rise above the set point. (See section 4.1 in the module) Question 9 0 / 4 pts Fill in the blank (with multiple choice) When there is a rapid _______ in blood oxygen concentration or a rapid ______ in blood carbon dioxide concentration, chemoreceptors found in the _________ are activated. This study source was downloaded by 100000849778308 from CourseHero.com on 07-15-2024 16:35:00 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/98469899/Portage-learning-Bio-102-module-4-exam-docx/  Correct Answer decrease; increase; medulla oblongata Question 10 4 / 4 pts Multiple Choice: What is the role of estrogen during parturition? It travels through the umbilical cord to the placenta to stimulate uterine contractions. It binds to the fetal adrenal glands, stimulating the secretion of various adrenal steroid hormones. Correct! It increases the sensitivity of uterine smooth muscle to facilitate contraction. It has an inhibitory effect on the uterus which prevents the muscular layers from contracting. Question 11 4 / 4 pts Multiple Choice: Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding PTH? It directly increases blood calcium levels by stimulating the work of osteoclasts. It directly increases blood calcium levels by binding to kidney tubules, increasing the reabsorption of calcium. It indirectly increases blood calcium levels by stimulating the kidneys to promote the activation of Vitamin D. Correct! All of the above Question 12 4 / 4 pts When the cardiovascular baroreceptors detect a rise in blood pressure, describe the steps involved in the negative feedback loop that restores homeostatic set points. Your Answer: This study source was downloaded by 100000849778308 from CourseHero.com on 07-15-2024 16:35:00 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/98469899/Portage-learning-Bio-102-module-4-exam-docx/  Answer: Once increased stretch is detected by the baroreceptors, signals are sent to a different control, namely, the medulla oblongata. Within the medulla oblongata is the cardioregulatory and vasomotor center of the body. Intuitively, this branch controls changes in cardiac function and vessel dilation or constriction. When increased blood pressure is detected, the cardioregulatory neurons reduce stroke volume and heart rate. On the other hand, the vasomotor neurons direct dilation of the peripheral blood vessels, which decreases resistance (pressure). Ultimately, blood pressure is reduced by decreasing heart rate, stroke volume, and resistance within the vessels of the body. Once homeostatic ranges of blood pressure are restored, the baroreceptors stop stimulating these centers of the medulla. (See section 4.2 in the module) Question 13 2 / 4 pts Fill in the blank The binding of glucagon to ______ tissue facilitates the conversion of stored glycogen into glucose in a process called _________. Your Answer: Answer: liver; glycogenolysis (See section 4.1 in the module) Question 14 4 / 4 pts Explain how Angiotensin II and aldosterone work together to increase blood pressure. Answer: Angiotensin II targets cells of the adrenal cortex. The cells of the adrenal cortex respond to angiotensin II by increasing the secretion of aldosterone, which is a steroid hormone that targets cells of the distal tubules and collecting ducts to increase reabsorption of sodium and water. This contributes to an increase in blood volume. The combination of blood vessel constriction (effect of Angiotensin II) and increased blood volume contributes to a rise in blood pressure. (See section 4.2 in the module) Question 15 2 / 4 pts Describe a heat-conserving mechanism used by the body when a drop in body temperature is detected. Answer: Constriction of blood vessels pulls warm blood away from the skin, therefore conserving heat to maintain function of vital organs. (See section 4.3 in the module) Question 16 4 / 4 pts Match each of the following terms to the correct definition. Correct! Set point A particular value that is determined by genetics. This study source was downloaded by 100000849778308 from CourseHero.com on 07-15-2024 16:35:00 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/98469899/Portage-learning-Bio-102-module-4-exam-docx/  Correct! Stimulus A fluctuation above or below normal ranges. Correct! Sensor the anatomical or physiological machinery that detects the stimulus. Correct! Response the physiological adjustment that a system makes to return a value to its set point range. Question 17 4 / 4 pts If someone is sweating excessively, blood osmolarity will increase as water is lost. Place the following steps of the negative feedback loop that will restore homeostasis in order. Correct! Step 1 The change in blood osmolarity is detected by osmoreceptors located in the hypothalamus. Correct! Step 2 The hypothalamus stimulates the posterior pituitary to release ADH. Correct! Step 3 ADH enters the blood and travels to the kidneys where it binds to GPCRs anchored in the membrane of kidney tubules. Correct! Step 4 A signal transduction pathway is triggered that causes intracellular aquaporin channels to be exocytosed to the surface of the cell. Correct! Step 5 Aquaporin channels increase the amount of water in the blood by reabsorption, which causes a lower volume of water to be excreted in the urine. Correct! Step 6 This study source was downloaded by 100000849778308 from CourseHero.com on 07-15-2024 16:35:00 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/98469899/Portage-learning-Bio-102-module-4-exam-docx/  Water reabsorption increases water volume in the blood, thereby decreasing blood osmolarity. Question 18 4 / 4 pts Fill in the blank ______ diabetes, also called juvenile-onset diabetes, results from too little insulin secretion from the islets due to the destruction of the ____-cells of the pancreas by antibodies. Your Answer: Answer: Type I; beta (See section 4.1 in the module) Question 19 0 / 4 pts Which of the following statements is true regarding ADH? (Select all that apply) It is secreted by the hypothalamus. Correct! It binds to GPCRs found on the kidney tubules. You Answered Excess alcohol consumption promotes the release of ADH leading to dehydration. It is released in response to decreased blood osmolarity. Question 20 4 / 4 pts Fill in the blank If glucose levels remain high during the absorptive state, insulin can bind to receptors on the liver and skeletal muscle tissue to increase the amount of glucose converted to glycogen for storage until the levels reach the acceptable set point range. Excess amounts of glucose are converted to ______ and stored as ________ within adipose tissue. Your Answer: Answer: fat; triglycerides (See section 4.1 in the module) Question 21 4 / 4 pts Multiple Choice: This study source was downloaded by 100000849778308 from CourseHero.com on 07-15-2024 16:35:00 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/98469899/Portage-learning-Bio-102-module-4-exam-docx/  When considering hypovolemic shock, which of the following contributes to a decrease in blood pressure? Severe blood loss as a result of a traumatic injury Vasodilation secondary to acidosis Increased permeability of small capillary beds Correct! All of the above Question 22 4 / 4 pts True or False. If false, explain why it is false. PYY acts as a counter to Leptin. Your Answer: Answer: False. PYY acts as a counter to ghrelin. (See section 4.1 in the module) Question 23 4 / 4 pts What is the role of platelets in the blood clotting cascade? Your Answer: Answer: Platelets circulate in the blood. When they encounter an injured tissue, they adhere themselves to the exposed connective tissue and release clotting factors. (See section 4.3 in the module) Question 24 4 / 4 pts If someone has hyperglycemia, would they gain or lose weight quickly? Explain your answer. Answer: They would lose weight quickly as fats and muscle are broken down to be used for energy. (See section 4.1 in the module) Question 25 4 / 4 pts Fill in the blank Hypercalcemia is the result of an excess of _____ being released without a _____feedback loop to stop the secretions. This study source was downloaded by 100000849778308 from CourseHero.com on 07-15-2024 16:35:00 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/98469899/Portage-learning-Bio-102-module-4-exam-docx/  Your Answer: Answer: PTH; negative (See section 4.1 in the module) This study source was downloaded by 100000849778308 from CourseHero.com on 07-15-2024 16:35:00 GMT -05:00 https://www.coursehero.com/file/98469899/Portage-learning-Bio-102-module-4-exam-docx/ Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)