Personal Development Grade 12 STEM A 2nd Quarter PDF

PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT GRADE 12 - STEM A | SEM 1 | 2ND QUARTER WEEK 1 : Understanding Personal 4. The unattainable is attractive. We just want something that cannot be achieved. According...

PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT GRADE 12 - STEM A | SEM 1 | 2ND QUARTER WEEK 1 : Understanding Personal 4. The unattainable is attractive. We just want something that cannot be achieved. According to Helen Fisher, Ph.D., Professor Relationships at the Rutgers Department of Anthropology and Chief Scientific Advisor to the Chemistry online dating service, it will still be attractive to someone we consider "out-of-the- league" because they are ideal. As a way to force ourselves to strengthen both our Relationship body appearance and our social status, we could be producing these frustrating crushes. At the same time, loving yourself and It is said that every kind of relationship is a two-way traffic which being patient is the most important thing, because it is impossible means that all parties should learn how to give and take. There to genuinely love someone else without loving yourself first are different forms of relationships and each of us has a clear description for each of these forms. We certainly have our own ways of creating and improving these relationships Attraction Researchers have documented several characteristics which are Affection attractive to humans. People differ in what they consider attractive, and cultural influences on attractiveness. Nevertheless, is one of human beings' greatest emotions. There is a lot of research indicates that some commonly attractive characteristics passion, but more are conveyed in an intimate partnership with a in women include wide eyes, high cheekbones, a thin jaw line, a compatible partner. Romantic attachments are one of the most slim build (Buss 1989), and a lower waistto-hip ratio (Singh important aspects of life for these people, and a source of 1993). Likewise, attractive features of men include being tall, tremendous fulfilment. having broad shoulders, and a small waist (Buss 1989). Both men and women with high levels of facial and body symmetry are commonly seen as more attractive than asymmetric individuals What is personal relationship? (Fink, Neave, Manning and Grammer 2006; Penton-Voak et al. 2001; Rikowski and Grammer 1999). PERSONAL RELATIONSHIP- is a form of relationship closely In future female partners, social characteristics that people linked to a person and which can only be important to that person. consider attractive include comfort, empathy, and social skills; in males, the desirable characteristics include competence, leadership abilities, and work skills (Regan and Berscheid 1997). Kinds of Personal Relationship While humans want physically attractive mates, this doesn't mean we are looking for the most attractive person possible. In fact, this PRIVACY and INTIMACY- are two attributes describing observation has led some to propose what is known as the personal relationships and level of commitment to matching hypothesis that asserts that people tend to choose another person/s someone they see as their equal in physical attractiveness and IMPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP- commitment to an social desirability (Taylor et. al. 2011). organization like a business entity, a principle or purpose. Typically, we love the people we make relationships with, but the ATTRACTION- it is a force that unites people and can sort of love we have for our families, friends, and lovers is grow into an attachment which eventually leads to special. Robert Sternberg (1986) suggested that love has three commitment. components: affection, passion, and dedication. These three components form a triangle that distinguishes many forms of love: this is known as the triangular love theory by Sternberg. Love is sometimes characterized by intimacy which is the sharing Here are some of the attractions you need to remember: of details and emotions and intimate thoughts 1. Physical attraction is based on instinct. Most people would Sternberg (1986) states that a healthy relationship will have all claim that they are attracted to someone after a few seconds three components of love – intimacy, passion, and commitment – of their first encounter. April Masini, who also gives ABC which are described as consummate love.At different stages of Entertainment News relation advice, wrote books like Date Out life, however, different aspects of love may prevail more. Other of Your League, suggests that females are naturally attracted to types of love involve affection, described as intimacy, but not men who exude affection and passion and seem to live a passion or commitment. Infatuation is love without engagement fascinating life. Heterosexuals tend to be attracted to men with or intimacy. Empty love means engagement without passion or traditionally masculine features including muscle body, square intimacy. jaw, straight nose, and narrow eyes, physically or emotionally. Compassionate love, characteristic of close friendships and 2. Physical attraction does not necessarily lead to a good family relationships, is affection and loyalty but there is no relationship. The first physical attraction is a very poor indicator, passion. Passion and affection describe romantic love, but no according to Dr. Margaret Paul, an expert in relationship who has engagement. Lastly, fatuous love is characterized by passion and a Ph.D. in psychology, about how well a relationship performs devotion but no intimacy, such as a long-term sexual love affair. that can lead to a feeling about abandonment. 3. Platonic attraction is important. Having a common family history may also be helpful. Aaron Understanding the Acceptable and Unacceptable Means of Ben-Ze'ev, a professor of philosophy and author of The Subtlety Expressing Attractions Toward The Opposite Sex of Emotion, suggests that your relationship may benefit from physical proximity, living close to your interest in love. Believe it Filipino culture is bound to believe that a decent display of or not, it seems that simply living in the same city or someone's feeling is also a must to be accepted by society. It is a neighborhood makes people experience more platonic attractions major disappointment that anyone who fails to follow this with each other. standard will be classified as poorly educated by society or the community, or how one’s parents failed at parenting. 1 | MEARL DANZELLE M. MAGALUYAN PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT GRADE 12 - STEM A | SEM 1 | 2ND QUARTER Because of the Filipinos’ culture of decency, the Republic of 10 Things That Are Unacceptable in Any Relationship the Philippines seriously believed that the issues of people's means of expressing attractions to the opposite sex or gender Every relationship has its ups and downs, and we all can be legally addressed. The Republic Act (RA) 11313, have to compromise a little to make them work. But if your otherwise known as the Safe Space Act, intentionally prohibits partner consistently does the following, it might be time to indecent and unlawful acts of expression. This RA broadens think twice the scope of the RA 7877 or the AntiHarassment Act of 1995. This law recognizes that sexual harassment occurs in the 1. Cheating workplace, education, and training environments, and If you are in a committed, monogamous relationship, cheating penalizes persons who have authority, influence, and moral should be out of the question. Many people will say infidelity is a status in those institutions who commit prohibited acts of deal-breaker. However, others will decide to stay with their sexual harassment. partners after an affair, and, under the right circumstances, it is possible to heal the relationship. If you do decide to maintain the relationship, your partner says they will never cheat again, and What Makes a Healthy and Acceptable Expression of they do, it’s likely that they will continue to break your trust. Attractions? 2. Putting you down No one has the right to make you feel bad about yourself. 1. Mutual respect. Will he or she get to know how smart and Whether blatant or subtle, if your partner criticizes your looks, why you are? Will your partner listen to you when you say you your hair, your laugh, your intelligence, or anything, they’re not are not happy doing something and then instantly back off? worth your time. Respect in a partnership means that each partner trusts and respects the weaknesses of each other and will never question 3. Not supporting your dreams them. In a relationship, you should be each other’s cheerleaders. When you feel discouraged, they should tell you all the things you’re 2. Trust. You talk to a classmate, and your partner wanders doing right. If you feel like running out of options, they should ask about. Is he going to lose his cool, or is he going to keep walking, what he can do to help you reach your goals. because he knows you are never going to cheat on him? Often it's normal to get a little jealous; jealousy is a common feeling. 4. Controlling But how a person reacts when he feels jealous is what matters. You should have a life outside of your relationship, away from Though you trust each other, there is no guarantee that you will your partner. It is not their place to tell you who you can see, have a healthy relationship. when you can see them, what to eat, or how to dress. This controlling behavior can be a warning sign of physical abuse and 3. Honesty. This one goes hand-in - hand with confidence, should be taken seriously. because when one of you is not honest, it is difficult to trust another. Have you ever caught your partner in a total lie? Like 5. Lack of communication when she told you that she / he was occupied with homework, You will never be able to grow together if you don’t discuss your but it turned out that she / he was talking to friends? You're wants and needs. You both need to feel comfortable openly going to have a lot of difficulty believing the next time she / he expressing your feelings, good and bad, otherwise you might says she / he has to work and the trust will be on dangerous begin to resent each other. foundations. 6. Unnecessary sacrifices 4. Support. It is not only in difficult times that you should be Compromise is a must in a relationship, but if you feel like you’re supported by your partner. Usually, when the whole world is giving up everything, while your significant other is sacrificing falling apart, we thought that this is the only time we need nothing, something’s not right. Have you heard someone say they support from others. Even in your best, you still need support got rid of their pet because their fiancé didn’t like cats? Or quit and when time gets tough, your significant other should still their job, left their family, and moved to other places for someone be there. who wouldn’t do the same for them? These should serve as your red flags or warning signs that there is something wrong in how 5. Fairness/Equality. You need to have a give and a take in your significant other treats you. your relationship. Do you take turns deciding what kind of food to eat? Are you going out with your friends as a partner 7. Unreliability as much as you stay out with your friends? If it is not a fair When your cellphone is not working, you need advice, or you’ve balance, you will know. When a relationship transforms into a just had a bad day and need a hug, do they come to your aid? If power struggle, with one party trying to get his or her way all they’re not there for you when you need them the most, think the time, changes get really fast. twice: why are you with them? 6. Separate identities. In a stable relationship, everybody has 8. Forgetting the memorable day to make compromises. But that does not mean you should There’s a stereotype that men always forget anniversaries and have the feeling that you are losing yourself. You both had birthdays. Whether that’s true or not, it’s not okay. It’s normal for your own lives when you started out (families, friends, something to slip our minds, but your man (or woman) should interests, hobbies, etc.) and that should not change. You remember those little things that are important to you should not pretend to like something that you do not like, or give up seeing your mates, or give up something that you 9. Self-destruction love. Sometimes we fall for people who are in rough situations. Though it can be difficult, it’s important to be there for your loved ones 7. Good Communication. Are you going to speak to each other during these times and encourage them to seek help if and share the feelings that matter to you? Don't keep your necessary. However, if they are engaging in destructive behavior emotions locked up because you are afraid your partner does that is negatively affecting you, and they refuse to seek help, you not even need to hear about it. And if you need some time to might want to consider leaving. There is only so much you can think about something before you are ready to talk about it, do, and it is not your fault that they are not willing to help you will be provided some space by the right person to do that. themselves. 2 | MEARL DANZELLE M. MAGALUYAN PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT GRADE 12 - STEM A | SEM 1 | 2ND QUARTER 10. Not caring about friends and family One of the important aspects of any relationship is distance. When you want to build a life with someone, you have Proximity pertains to physical distance with other people and it is to accept every part of them, including the people they care related to functional distance (how often people interact or about. Your partner not making an effort to get to know your communicate with each other). The more you encounter or loved ones can cause a major strain on your relationship. interact with the person, the more you allow yourself to get to know him/her better which leads to a better relationship like friendship or intimate relationship. Most likely, the people always near you just like your classmate or neighbor has a big tendency Personal Development: Personal to become your friend. Reciprocity Relationship We tend to get along with people or with someone whom we Making time for one another is vital to keep the relationship healthy have the same feelings toward. It is called reciprocity. It is when and the process of give and take are great ways to sustain a feelings with someone are being reciprocated or returned in the same way as you do. relationship (Miller, 2008). Indeed, any relationship needs to be dealt with mindful and careful consideration of things, whatever kind The attraction is something that may happen in different ways, of relationship it might be. Keeping a good relationship with people with different people, and in different circumstances, and may will help you grow in some ways. lead to a much deeper connection or relation with others. Love Attraction It appears that the word Love has many meanings. Some The Merriam-Webster dictionary, collegiately defined attraction definitions in the Meriam-Webster dictionary are: as: the action or power of evoking interest, pleasure, or liking for someone or something; and a quality or feature that evokes 1. (a) strong affection for another arising out of interest, liking, or desire. kinship or personal ties; (b) attraction based on sexual desire: affection and Attraction is a positive connection between two or more people tenderness felt by lovers; that share something in common, like interests, likes/dislikes, or (c) affection based on admiration, benevolence, or desires. Some qualities may catch your attention, and which common interests could spark a certain kind of relationship. 2.An assurance of affection When you have a positive attitude or evaluation regarding a Any discussion about love piques the curiosity and interest of particular person in relation to different components, that is young adults your age. It may differ depending on one’s interpersonal attraction. For many, interpersonal attraction experience and knowledge of love, though. Sometimes, it may relates only between two people having an intimate and romantic affect the emotional and psychological being of a person, thus relationship. However, it is not only limited to such since it may influencing his/her emotion toward another. This emotional bond also transpire between friends, colleagues, family depends on the presence or absence of support from others. members, and others. In the book of Principles of Social Psychology – 1st International Edition by Dr. Charles Strangor, he explained Robert Sternberg’s Key Components of Attraction proposed Triangular Model of Love. It says that there are seven (7) different types of Love, and each type consists of the Physical Attractiveness combinations of variables (Cognitive, Physiological and Affective Attractive people draw out a more positive first impression. variables) that are specified in Three (3) different Initially, people tend to be influenced by what they see. Even the components/factors: Intimacy, Passion, and Commitment. (see younger ones prefer to look at faces those adults consider figure 1) attractive rather than at opposite ones (Langlois, et.al. 1991). Our perception of beauty, though, differs from one another since it can be influenced by culture, educational background, social status, etc. Everyone has his/her idea of what or who is attractive based on physical appearance. Similarity When you are asked by your teacher to select a partner for an activity, who do you usually choose? Why? The common answer might be a friend who used to be with you, perhaps, because there is a connection between the two of you that you do not have with others. Many researches support that similarity causes attraction. Oftentimes, people classify other people based on information they already knew about them. That is social categorization, wherein, people mentally group others on where they belong and that with the same characteristics with them, like group age, religion, personality, attitude, social status, or education. ○ Proximity 3 | MEARL DANZELLE M. MAGALUYAN PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT GRADE 12 - STEM A | SEM 1 | 2ND QUARTER Commitment Some of the importance of relationships are: It is a long-term relationship between individuals. A more complex 1. Lead us to make healthy relationships. relationship that resulted to increasingly turn to each other not 2. Help us see our potential. only for social support but also for help in coordinating activities, 3. Boost our confidence. remembering dates and appointments, and accomplishing tasks 4. Give you a sense of direction. (Wegner, Erber, & Raymond, 1991). Many people say that for you 5. Clear our life goals and aspirations. to be able to have a successful relationship, you should know 6. Build a beautiful person within you. your similarities and differences; understand your partner’s needs and desires; and invest time and effort to work things out and last for a lifetime. 6 Major Elements of Becoming Responsible in a Relationship Dr. Rajiv Jhangiani and Dr. Hammond Tarry reiterated the Slotter et al., 2011 that “commitment refers to the feelings and action that 1. Mutual Respect keep partners working together to maintain the relationship”. Any Establishing mutual respect is easier when one is guided by the relationship will last through the cooperation of both parties, virtue of the Golden Rule once uttered by Jesus of Nazareth without this, the relationship will not last and ends with breaking explicitly stated in Matthew 7:12 which has direct English up. Translation “Do unto others what you would want others to do unto you.” This may be simply interpreted by the famous line “Respect begets respect”. Tips on how to keep healthy relationships with others. 2. Value Quality Time ❖ Stay happy. Happiness gives you the feeling of Having time for fun will absolutely help you create more satisfaction for both abstract and concrete things memories worth treasuring. Quality time with your loved ones may mean learning to love them more. Contradictory to what we ❖ Be empathic. Empathizing with another is acting with usually think it is not the quantity of time you spend with your greater cooperation and overall selflessness— the loved ones that matters but the quality you spend with them. For desire to help, even at a potential cost to the self. example, having a minute of a heart-warming talk or making fond memories with your kids that is more valuable than having a ❖ Keep open communication. It provides an opportunity whole day of arguing with them. to size up the trustworthiness of a person by verbally committing to cooperate with another. 3. Trust and Honesty Trust is the heart of all relationships, and because of its ❖ Always trust. Working with others toward a common presence, other things follow like confidence, loyalty, and most of goal requires a level of faith that others will repay our all honesty hard work and generosity. Supporting their interests is also showing your trust. 4. Well-Communicated Love Open communication is one of the most essential elements for ❖ Show respect. People are likely to give respect to any kind of relationship to keep it going. How can we say that our others by being polite, honest, and by showing kindness love is well communicated? A tap on a shoulder, a kiss on all the time. a cheek, a very encouraging smile, a simple hug, may just be some of the most genuine and sincerest ways of expressing your ❖ Be a helping hand. In times of trouble (e.g., love towards one another. mentally/emotionally), make him/her feel that he/she always has you on his/her side. 5. Reliability and Security This virtue teaches everyone the value of recognizing someone’s imperfections that he/she is ready to extend him/herself to the person. This act of kindness will definitely foster a sense of connection, security, and relief. A hand that is ready to help would Appreciation definitely make someone feel he/she is well-taken care of by someone. This feeling would also develop a sense of Giving something to a person dear to you is a sign of responsibility since he/she would be aware of his/her attitude appreciation. This is also counted as expressing affections and behavior for he/she is being looked upon. towards others. The value of an object or things measured by its appreciation than its monetary amount. Now, let us show 6. Non-judgmental Listening and Presence appreciation to others by giving them something that is precious Being a good listener helps one to become a good adviser for to you. he/she could easily discern pieces of advice that could alleviate someone’s feelings. After sharing your thoughts and experience to someone close to you, you will definitely feel unburdened as if WEEK 2 : Becoming Responsible in a heavy stone was lifted from your chest. The weight of your anxiety, worries, and doubts could diminish just simply by having someone to listen to you without judgment and prejudice. Personal Relationships Importance of Relationship WEEK 3 : Social Relationships in Middle Three different kinds of relationships Family and Late Adolescence Friends and Partnerships A Role defines a set of norms, values, behaviors, and personality characteristics attached to a status such as leader, follower, or club 4 | MEARL DANZELLE M. MAGALUYAN PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT GRADE 12 - STEM A | SEM 1 | 2ND QUARTER president. Every leader assumes role in a society. They are expected to behave a pattern usually determined by individuals in 2. Courage to challenge- If the leader’s actions contradict the society. To become a great leader, you must be a good follower. the best interest of the organization, effective follower takes a This will give high impact to a society. you must have the important stand. Do not sacrifice your own integrity or the good of the leadership qualities that can affect constituents and can be organization just to maintain harmony. developed by anyone: 3. Courage to participate in transformation- Effective followers view the struggle of change and transformation as a Roles of an Efficient Leader that can influence people: mutual experience shared by all members, support the leader and does not afraid to confront the changes. 1. Set example - a good leader sets the best example. It is the first rule. Walk the talk. Do not compromise anybody in the 4. A can-do attitude- A leader’s job becomes smoother when he organization or team integrity. Never take shortcuts. or she has followers who are positive and self-motivated, can get things done, accept responsibility, excels in required tasks, and 2. Assume and do responsibility - you should be guided by willingly accept difficult assignment. your own duties and responsibilities. Be proactive in guiding, teaching, and developing excellence in everyone. 5. A collaborative approach- Each follower is a part of the leader’s larger system and should realize that his or her 3. Show Initiative- find out what needs to be done. do not wait action affect the whole. Work effectively as a team member. for anyone to tell you what to do. 6. Courage to serve and subservient- Effective follower 4. Life-long learner- capacitate yourself. Learn everything you understands the needs of the organizations and seek to need to know about the current job. serve those who need. 5. Show enthusiasm- if you come to work happy and cheerful, it 7. The passion to drive personal growth- Leaders provides motivation. Enthusiasm is contagious. Never let want followers who seek to enhance their own growth personal issues affect your performance. and development rather than depending on the leader to do it. 6. Willing to serve- this quality is known of a servant leader. Showing this kind of characteristics can inspire thought and action of your own constituents. Social Influence 7. Active listener- to become an active listener, you must maintain an eye contact. Pay attention to facial expressions Perception occurs through knowing, interpreting, and learning and body language, and start a sentence with “I” instead of information that influences your behavior. The way you perceive “You. This will enhance a good communication and others as well as how others perceive you are driven by beliefs, understanding values, and norms learned and shared through interactions within your family members, friends, neighbors, and other individuals in 8. Show empathy- Try to understand where people are coming the society. These experiences help you to improve how you from and their point of view. Put yourself in the other people’s perceive yourself and others in any situation. shoes. Social influence is characterized by a change in your 9. Be sensitive to the need of others- as a good leader, you behavior caused by the people that empower you to adjust to a must be the one who should know and feel the needs particular situation. Whether someone agrees or disagrees with of your constituents. you, it influences your behavior that may help or hinder your social roles. Social influence also happens when you change 10.Delegate work- sharing work among members at the your behavior to adapt to social demands. Social influence is organization should be divided into a manageable task. categorized by conformity, compliance, and obedience. Explain completely what you are asking the person to do. 11.Learn to appreciate- If someone has done great with the assigned tasks, be sure to let them feel they are appreciated. Types of Social Influence Simply saying thanks will do. This will motivate them to work hard. Conformity is changing your behavior to be the same with the others in the group (Asch 1955 in Ramirez 2020). For example, 12.Be patient- Do not get easily annoyed if untoward incident when you visit your friend’s home, to show respect, you both ask happens. hold your temper. This might require constant practice. for the grandmother’s blessing because you were told that it is courtesy. This situation engages you to deal with it by adapting to Leadership qualities are not exclusive to leaders. Some of these the shared norms and values to gain social approval rather than may found in the followership. A great leader encourages rejection. You were able to conform to the group standards. teamwork. Followership plays an essential part of the leadership equation. Followers are team that can contribute success in your Compliance is granting a request or demand asked by another leadership. Followership means when people express words, individual in exchange of either a reward or a punishment. For actions, respect, and support to a leader. But what are the role of example, during examination day, you are required to take the a follower? test to finish the grading period and failure to do so may result in a failing grade. Obedience means changing your behavior to follow the demand Role of an Effective Follower that Leaders Need given by an authority or an adult you have high regards with. For instance, as a maturing adolescent, you want to contribute to 1. Courage to do responsibility- Effective follower feels a development through inviting other friends to exercise proper sense of personal responsibility and ownership for his or waste disposal. Whether you do it purposely as you try to give her own behavior in the organization. 5 | MEARL DANZELLE M. MAGALUYAN PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT GRADE 12 - STEM A | SEM 1 | 2ND QUARTER the leader your respect or purposefully as it empowers you to with the people who live in the area in which it operates. Building participate actively as a follower. Whatever your reason is for community relationships can be the most important obeying; it leads to social facilitation. communication activity undertaken by an organization for the good of the community. Filipino Relationship (Family, School, and Community) Filipino’s perspective in building family relationship focused on establishing close ties. They are very hospitable and friendly people. They always smile no matter how they feel. Meeting someone for the first time, they do not hesitate to give a smile before starting a conversation. They have close family ties and always wanted to talk about their extended family. Filipinos are very family-oriented. The change in your behavior therefore enhances your role School in becoming a follower and a leader. Both these School Home-school partnership occurs through the processes of roles involve responsibility to serve others that can be achieved cooperation, coordination, and collaboration to enhance learning through cooperation. Hence, a change in mindset is being mindful opportunities, educational progress, and school success for and sensitive to your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors students in the academic, social, emotional, and behavioral domains. According to M. Johnson (2015), home-school partnerships increasingly push the children's learning toward a Social Relationships in Middle and Late broader vision of the 21st century learning. Adolescence H. Castillon & A. Bonotan stated that home and school partnership developed 3 R’s: Rapport, Reaching Out, and Recognition to Parents. Moreover, involvement of parents to Middle Adolescents find themselves in the company of their peers school helped the learners to build confidence, to become usually from the school or neighborhood. As they gravitate more sociable and active learners. Less involvement of parents tends toward these groups, the attachment to the family as their primary to have kids who are timid, withdrawn, and perform less. source of personal source or personal development shifts to Parenting is important in the Philippine educational setting these peers or group. because family is viewed as a center to one's social world. Social relationships refer to the connections that exist between Community people who have recurring interactions that are perceived by the participants to have personal meaning. This definition includes Many of today's leaders in education, business, and community relationships between family members, friends, neighbors, fellow development are coming to realize that schools alone cannot workers, and other associates prepare our youth for a productive adulthood. It is evident that schools and communities should work closely with each other to Relationship is the way in which two or more people or groups meet their mutual goals. Schools can provide more support for regard and behave toward each other. students, families, and staff when they are an integral part of the community. Family or relatives are people we are connected through some form of kinships, such as parents, brothers and sisters, Partnerships should be considered as connections between grandparents, aunts, and uncles, or step-parents. The family schools and community resources. The partnership may involve includes siblings and parents you may see every day growing up the following: and other relatives such as cousins, aunts, uncles and grandparents you may not see frequently. 1. utilization of school or neighborhood facilities and equipment or giving out other resources Friends are people we are not related to but choose to interact 2. collaborative fundraising and grant applications giving with. A friend is a person whom one knows and with whom one assistance has a bond of mutual affection, typically exclusive of sexual or 3. mentoring and training from professionals and others family relations. Friends are people we trust, respect, care about, with special expertise and feel that we can confide in and want to spend time with. 4. information sharing and dissemination 5. networking recognition and public relations Acquaintances are people you may encounter oftentimes but 6. shared responsibility for planning are not friends or relatives. For instance, they may be a neighbor 7. implementation and evaluation of programs and who lives in your road, a work colleague, or someone you have services; seen a few times at a social event but do not yet know well. 8. expanding opportunities for internships, jobs, Acquaintances are persons whom you know slightly, but who is recreation, and building a sense of community not a close friend. Community relations simply describe a company's interactions Conducting a Mini-survey with the community in which it resides. Cambridge dictionary defines it as the relationship that a company or organization has 6 | MEARL DANZELLE M. MAGALUYAN PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT GRADE 12 - STEM A | SEM 1 | 2ND QUARTER Mini-surveys are carefully focused on a specific topic. It contains 2. Use the active rather than the passive voice: "Should the only fifteen to thirty questions. It is given to a small sample of teachers discipline the students?" rather than "Should discipline twenty-five to seventy people. It usually uses more closed than be carried out by the teachers?" open ended questions; that is, they use questions that force the respondent to choose from a small set of alternative answers, 3. Repeat nouns instead of using pronouns: "When the teacher rather than inviting a freely expanded comment saw Memorandum, he was terrified." Who was terrified? Some Uses of the Mini-survey are: 4. Avoid metaphors and colloquialisms: "Earl and Eljim agreed, To get a picture that will help you to design the next but Eloise thought that was a horse of a different color." stages of your research To assess the feasibility of a project 5. Avoid the subjective mode, such as verbs with could and To get reactions from beneficiaries would: "If the school could improve its security system, would To evaluate projects. people send more girls?" Avoid vague words such as "nearer," "often," and "frequent." "Would you like to live nearer to Baguio?" 6. Avoid possessive forms where possible: "Mila's sister took her Advantages of Mini-survey request to her teacher." Whose request, whose teacher? 7. Use specific rather than general terms: The chief, the teacher, rather A mini-survey can be completed in three to seven weeks than the authorities; the soccer club, the debating team, rather compared to large surveys that can take a year before the whole than extracurricular activities. process is completed and the results are analyzed 1. Technically, mini-surveys for development research are usually structured interviews rather than questionnaires, because Family Structures and Legacies questionnaires exclude people who cannot read. Interviews have the added advantage of allowing you to help people through a process that may be culturally alien, confusing, or intimidating. One Filipino family trait that is known across different races is 2. The respondents are few. establishing and having strong family ties. Family, as defined by 3. A mini-survey may not give you great precision, but it may be Merriam-Webster dictionary, is the basic unit of society. It is good enough to give you a general picture of the situation, trends, composed of individuals living together in one household either and patterns. connected by marriage, blood, or by legal arrangement. One of the family structures and the most common kind of structure dominated the Philippines is the “extended family” on which, we Steps in conducting a mini-survey are fond of being in the same roof together with our mother, father, aunts, uncles, grandfather, grandmother, and cousins. Step 1: Clarify Your Objectives Ask yourself: a. "What do I want to find out?" "Why?" In a typical Filipino family, though an adult female member gets b. "Is this technique the way to get this kind of married, the groom will bring her to their house to live in. information?" However, as time goes by, this culture changes and varies, family c. "When I get the answers to these questions, will they by family across generations. meet my needs?" Step 2: Find Out What Else Has Been Done Family defined There are ready-made survey questions which were utilized by some researchers and may be good enough for your purposes. Family comes from the Latin word familia which means group of This may provide you with some useful ideas and information and people living in the household. Family could be related by blood, will allow you to use for your study. This may also take you to go by birth, or by other relationship. Family is the basic unit of a step a little further for it gives a little ease to do. However, do society. It is the smallest organization in the community. It is said not automatically use someone else's questions unless you are to be a group of individual living together in one household. convinced, they will work for you. Step 3: Choose the Respondents First, you must decide whether you are going to ask your Types of Family Structures questions of the entire group; or second, you use sampling. Family structures differ from one family to another, that is why we Step 4: Develop the Questions should not compare our family with that of others. The following Prepare your questions to be asked from your respondents. table lists the different family structures. Learn to write good questions by thinking things through and by knowing about the people who will answer them. Guide in Writing Questions: The Do’s and the Don’ts The following guidelines for writing questions were adapted from the work of cross-cultural research experts Brislin, Lonner, and Thorndike (1973), who created them to help in translating questions from one language to another. But they are useful even when you do not have to translate 1. Use short, simple sentences of less than sixteen words. However, sensitive questions may require a softener. 7 | MEARL DANZELLE M. MAGALUYAN PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT GRADE 12 - STEM A | SEM 1 | 2ND QUARTER The Social Legacy To really succeed in life, children need to learn more than management strategies, accounting, reading, writing, and geometry. They need to learn the art of relating to people--the art of socialization. If they learn how to relate well to others, they will have advantage in living life Key building blocks of children’s social legacy include: respect, beginning with themselves and working out to other people responsibility, fostered by respect for themselves, that is cultivated by assigning children duties within the family, making them accountable for their actions, and giving them room to make wrong choices once in a while unconditional love and acceptance by their parents, combined with conditional acceptance when the parents discipline for bad behavior or actions the setting of social boundaries concerning how to relate to God, authority, peers, the environment and siblings rules that are given within a loving relationship The Spiritual Legacy The Spiritual Legacy is the least in priority, but that is a mistake. As spiritual beings, we adopt attitudes and beliefs about spiritual matters from one person or another. Parents need to take the initiative and present faith to their children. Here are five things you do that predict whether your children will receive the spiritual legacy a Christian parent desires. Do you: 1. Acknowledge and reinforce spiritual realities? Do your children know, for example, that Jesus loves everyone? That God is personal, loving and will forgive us? 2. View God as a personal, caring being who is to be loved and respected? 3. Make spiritual activities a routine part of life? 4. Clarify timeless truth — what is right and wrong? 5. Incorporate spiritual principles into everyday living. (SOURCE: Your Heritage, by J. Otis Ledbetter and Kurt Bruner.) MAKE A GENOGRAM AND TRACE CERTAIN PHYSICAL, PERSONALITY, OR BEHAVIORAL ATTRIBUTES THROUGH GENERATIONS Family Genogram The most important people in the lives of young children are their A genogram (pronounced: jen-uh-gram) is a graphic parents. From birth, children depend on their mothers and representation of a family tree that displays detailed data on fathers. There are also people that act parent roles in caring and relationships among individuals. protecting children’s overall well-being. They are known as “guardians”. A genogram is a more complex family tree because it describes not only the family’s physical and social relationships, but also the Becoming a parent is usually a welcomed event, but in some emotional connections and other family attributes. cases, parents are worried with problems regarding their ability to ensure their child’s physical, emotional, or economic well-being. Genograms were first developed and popularized in clinical Parents utilize resources which they think guarantee positive settings by Monica McGoldrick and Randy Gerson through the experiences for their children. publication of a book in 1985. Transferring positive legacy to children is a delicate and important Genograms are now used by various groups of people in a task of adults in the family. It helps dictate the future progress and variety of fields such as medicine, psychology, social work, development of a child. genealogy, genetic research, and education. 8 | MEARL DANZELLE M. MAGALUYAN PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT GRADE 12 - STEM A | SEM 1 | 2ND QUARTER A genogram is also known as a McGoldrick– Gerson study (Jolly et al., 1980). It goes beyond a traditional family tree by How to Draw Genogram: allowing the user to visualize hereditary patterns and psychological factors that punctuate relationships. It can be used Steps to identify repetitive patterns of behavior and to recognize hereditary tendencies (Friedman et al., 1988). 1. Know your reason for making a genogram to help you determine the type of family information you want to indicate. 2. Name all the members of your family kinship that you wanted Genogram Symbols to include in your genogram. 3. Organize questions to gather facts and figures about your A genogram is a family tree or map or history that uses special relatives to be included in the genogram symbols to describe relationships of family members over multiple 4. Write down notes how everyone in your family is connected. generations. Like any other graphic organizer, genogram makes it Solicit information starting with the oldest generation down the easy for a person to present and comprehend certain information line 9 | MEARL DANZELLE M. MAGALUYAN