Overview Of Research Process PDF

OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH PROCESS  QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH Quantitative research uses deductive reasoning to generate predictions that are tested in the real world. It typically move in a systematic fashion from the definition of a problem and the selection of concepts on...

OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH PROCESS  QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH Quantitative research uses deductive reasoning to generate predictions that are tested in the real world. It typically move in a systematic fashion from the definition of a problem and the selection of concepts on which to focus to the solution of the problem.  QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH It gathers empirical evidences and observations. The requirement to use empirical evidence means that findings are grounded in reality rather than in researcher’s personal beliefs. The numeric information that is obtained from a formal measurement and is analyzed statistically.  QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Qualitative research emphasize the inherent complexity of humans, their ability to shape and create their own experiences, and the idea that truth is a composite of realities. Qualitative research heavily focused on understanding the human experience as it is lived, usually through the careful collection and analysis of qualitative materials that are narrative and subjective.  QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Findings from in- depth qualitative research are typically grounded in the real life experiences of people with first hand knowledge of a phenomenon. Human beings are being used directly as the instrument through which information is gathered.  RESEARCH PROCESS CHAPTER 1: THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE ▪ The Introduction of a research starts with the background of the study. It should be strong enough to capture the interest of your readers and focused on the main perspective of the problem. ▪ Make sure that the context is supported by authorities. ▪ The Introduction must be concluded by highlighting the need to conduct the study citing in brief its significance.  A portion of Research Introduction about Exclusive Breastfeeding Program. ….Due to extensive researches’ efforts in proving that breastfeeding is highly beneficial to the nutrition of mothers and infants, the health advantages that breastfeeding may offer are now widely recognized all throughout the world. The American Academy of Pediatrics (2005) recommends that infants be breastfed exclusively for first 6 months of life and for the breastfeeding to continue for at least 12 months to 2 years. Exclusive breast milk also implies that an infant shall not receive any other liquids or solids dissimilar to breast milk—not even water (WHO, 2006). International organizations have initiated numerous actions in promotion of the practice of 6-month exclusive breastfeeding…  RESEARCH PROCESS CHAPTER 1: Theoretical Framework and Conceptual Framework The theoretical framework consists of theories, principles, generalizations and research findings The theoretical framework contains the different theories by which the study is anchored. The theoretical and conceptual frameworks of the study are under one heading.  RESEARCH PROCESS CHAPTER 1: Theoretical Framework and Conceptual Framework The discussion of the theoretical framework must be clearly discussed separately in order to give a clearer understanding where the study is theoretically grounded.  RESEARCH PROCESS CHAPTER 1: Theoretical Framework and Conceptual Framework The conceptual framework emerges as the synthesis of the key concepts from the different theories presented. Conceptual frameworks attempt to connect all aspects of inquiry. Conceptual frameworks should act like maps that give coherence to your inquiry.  RESEARCH PROCESS CHAPTER 1: Theoretical Framework and Conceptual Framework The conceptual framework becomes the central theme, the focus, the main thrust of the study. It serves as a guide in conducting investigation.  A portion of Theoretical and Conceptual Framework about Exclusive Breastfeeding Program. ….The Theory of Unitary Human Beings by Martha Rogers is very much related to the 6-month exclusive breastfeeding program in the sense that, this particular program being promoted by the health advocates greatly affects to the environment of the infants and mothers. This serves as an external factor that advances to the conduct of breastfeeding by the mothers to their infants. On one hand, Dorothea E. Orem presented her theory known as the Self- Care Theory. Orem's vision of health is a state characterized by wholeness of developed human structures and of bodily and mental functioning and comprised of the physical, psychological, interpersonal and social aspects.  RESEARCH PROCESS CHAPTER 1: Statement of the Problem The Statement of the Problem is written in interrogative form. The research questions are the bases of developing the methods of the study. All research questions have theoretical bases  A portion of “Statement of the Problem” about Exclusive Breastfeeding Program. 1. What is the demographic characteristics of the respondents in terms of: 1.1 age during pre-natal;1.2 age during post-natal; 1.3 family income; 1.4 religion; and 1.5 educational attainment? 2. What is the level of awareness among the teenage mother-respondents with regards to the 6-month exclusive breastfeeding? 3. What is the extent of compliance of the respondents with regards to the implementation of the 6-month exclusive breastfeeding? 4. How are the teenage mothers-respondents differ in their awareness and extent of compliance when grouped according to their demographic data characteristics.  RESEARCH PROCESS CHAPTER 1: Hypotheses/Assumptions If the study is qualitative, the heading is Assumptions. Known as “Educated guess or educated prediction”. A hypothesis is used in an experiment to define the relationship between two variables. A hypothesis should be specific and testable prediction.  A Sample Hypothesis about Exclusive Breastfeeding Program. There is no significant relationship between the compliance of the teenage mother to the 6-month exclusive breastfeeding program and the respondents’ social demographic profile.  RESEARCH PROCESS CHAPTER 1: Significance of the study It would address the 3 W's (What, Who and Why) and How? The researcher states the value or importance of the research study. It answers “How your study would be a contribution to the accumulation of existing knowledge must be clearly articulated”.  A portion of “Significance of Study”about Exclusive Breastfeeding Program. ….This study will assess the compliance of the 6-month exclusive breastfeeding program among teenage mothers ages 15-19 years old who gave birth at St. Jude Hospital of Barangay Joseph in Quezon City from year 2020 until 2022………..  RESEARCH PROCESS CHAPTER 1: Scope and Limitations of the Study This will builds a fence around the research findings. The ‘population’ about which findings are to be made, is outlined here.  RESEARCH PROCESS CHAPTER 1: Definition of Terms Definitions should match the underlying assumptions of the research. Terms should be operationally defined as used in the study. All the major construct/variable should be operationally defined. It should be presented in an alphabetized format.  Definition of Terms Breastfeeding as defined is the action wherein an infant has received breastmilk (straight from the breast or expressed). Colostrum is discussed within the introductory of this study, but can be approximately defined as the breast milk in the first two or three days postpartum. Exclusive breastfeeding is the established pattern whereby breastfeeding from the mother or wet nurse is assisted by no other food or drink, including water, but with the exception of drops or syrups such as medicines, mineral supplements or vitamins. Full breastfeeding is a general term comprising exclusive and predominant breastfeeding.