NSTP Reviewer PDF

Leadership - a process of influencing individuals or groups to achieve goals. - - the one who helps facilities communities take risk and envisions a better future for a group. - speak for the community. Fred Fiedler - Best known for developing the Contingency Theory of Leadership. -...

Leadership - a process of influencing individuals or groups to achieve goals. - - the one who helps facilities communities take risk and envisions a better future for a group. - speak for the community. Fred Fiedler - Best known for developing the Contingency Theory of Leadership. - His work significantly shaped modern understanding of leadership. Contingency of Leadership - Effectiveness of leadership depends on the situation, not just the personal traits and behavior. Two Dominant Styles: - Task Oriented: focused on achieving specific goals and task - Relationship-oriented: focused on building relationships and team dynamics. Peter Drucker - Pointed out that even poor leaders have followers. FUNCTIONS OF LEADERSHIP - Providing Vision - Achieving Goals - Initiating Camaraderie and smooth relationships Providing Vision : As a leader it is expected of you to develop a vision for the organization. Achieving Goals: to make vision a reality. > Methods for Reaching your goals: - Develops a plan - Take actions - Keep Perspective - Identify Potential Obstacles Initiating Camaraderies and Smooth Relationship: organizations cannot avoid conflicts it is task of the leader that his misunderstanding be immediately resolved. Leader Ship Styles: 1. Laissez-Faire Leadership: largely hands-off with minimal directions and supervision from the manager and staff. 2. Autocratic Leadership: employees work better without the overbearing presence of their boss around. 3. Participative Leadership - managers back-off more to allow people to tap ther creativity and think independently. 4. Situational Leadership - use their leadership skills n different methods depending on the situation. Qualities of a situational leader - Insightful - understand the needs of team members - Flexible - adjusts management style to best serve team members - Trustworthy - gains trust through communication and connection.  - Problem solver - thins big picture to find creative solution - Coach - give direction through encouragement 5. Transactional Leadership - also known as “Managerial Leadership” leaders promote compliance by followers through both rewards and punishments QUALITIES OF A LEADER 1. ADAPTABILITY - ADJUSTABLE TO CHANGING SITUATIONS 2. DIGNITY - QUALITY OF BEING HONORABLE OR EXCELLENT 3. FAITH - BELIEF WITHOUT EVIDENCE, CONFIDENCE OR DEPENDENCE 4. JUSTICE - IMPARTIALLY RIGHTEOUSNESS 5. STRONG PERSONALITY - HAVING STRONG CHARACTERISTICS THAT COULD EASILY INFLUENCE OTHERS. 6. UNSELFISHNESS - NOT REGARDING SELF MORE THAN OTHERS. 7. INTEGRITY - UPRIGHTNESS OF CHARACTER 8. INITIATIVE - DOES NOT WAIT TO TOLD 9. JUDGEMENT - DECISION REACHED 10. TACT - QUICK OR INTUITIVE OF WHAT IS FIR AND RIGHT PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT PERSONALITY - refers to an individual's differences in characteristics patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving. PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT - process by which a person’s personality traits, such as their thoughts and behaviors are formed and evolved over time. It is important because it shows a person’s identity. COMPONENTS OF PERSONALITY 01. SPIRITUAL AND MORAL VALUES - Pertains to relationship with GOD. These are: plenty, religiosity, honesty, generosity, responsibility, keeping of promise, punctuality , devotion to duty, absence of antisocial tendencies. 02. PSYCHOSOCIAL TRAITS - Traits refers to the ability to adjust to society : generosity, good manners, extroversion and introversion lifestyles. 03. TEMPERAMENT - Refers to self-control, emotional maturity and stability, ability to cope with the stress and strain and cool when he feels irritable. 04. PHYSICAL OR BIOLOGICAL TRAITS AND CHARACTERISTICS - General physical attributes, height, weight, size of the body, color of the hair, manner of walking health, etc. 05. CAPACITIES - Mental capacity, or intelligence, education, expertise noted achievement and multiple intelligence like in art music. STRUCTURES OF PERSONALITY - Remember that the Id Ego and SuperEgo are other functions of the mind, not the parts of the brain. The ID - Most primitive of the three structures is concerned with instant gratification of basic physical needs and urges. It operates on the “Pleasure principle” The EGO - Rational, pragmatic part of our personality is less primitive than the ID. its job is to balance the demands of the id and superego. The SUPEREGO - Concerned with social rules and morals-similar to what many people call their conscience of their “moral compass” FIRST AID EDUCATION FIRST AID - immediate and temporary care given to a person FIRST AIDER - someone in an organization who has been trained BASIC LIFE SUPPORT - used in the medical field to distinguish the types of medical care necessary to sustain someone's life. EMERGENCY - a situation that poses an immediate risk to health, life property or environment DRUG - any substance that brings physical, psychological, emotional and behavioral changes. DRUG ABUSE - continued misuse of any substance. STIMULANTS - drugs which increase alertness CARDIAC HEART PATHOLOGY - irregularity of heartbeat elevated or lowered blood. EXPERIMENTERS - people who abuse drugs for experimental basis OCCASIONAL USERS - abuse drugs occasionally/whenever there are special occasions. Abuse drugs every 2 weeks to 2x a week. REGULAR USERS - abuse drugs on a regular basis approximately 3 to 4 times a week or every other day. DRUG DEPENDENTS - people who tend to abuse the drugs everyday almost every day about 5 to seven times a week. FIRST AID EDUCATION - First aid is the prompt, initial medical attention given to a person who has unexpectedly become unwell or been injured. CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD FIRST AIDER - Observant - Resourceful - Gentle - Tactful - Sympathetic - Cheerful GENERAL DIRECTIONS FOR FIRST AID 1. Give urgently needed first aid. 2. Keep the victim lying down 3. Check for injuries BASIC LIFE SUPPORT - Emergency medical care given to a person in order to save their life until they are able to get more sophisticated or extensive care EMT’s Emergency Medical Technicians - Those who are trained frequently are responsible for providing this vital type of treatment. BLS (3) KEY COMPONENTS 1. ASSESSMENT AND RECOGNITION - initial step is to evaluate the situation including checking for responsiveness breathing and circulation 2. AIRWAY MANAGEMENT - ensuring a clear airway is crucial for proper breathing. 3. CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION (CPR) - aims to revive individuals in cardiac or respiratory arrest by restoring circulation and oxygenation through artificial ventilation and chest compressions. CHAIN OF SURVIVAL - Emergency medical response, the term chain of survival, refers to a set of vital steps that, when taken in order, improve the chances of life for those going into cardiac arrest. STEPS IN CHAIN OF SURVIVAL Recognize cardiac arrest: Recognize the signs of cardiac arrest and call emergency services Perform CPR: Perform early CPR with an emphasis on chest compressions Defibrillate: Use a defibrillator to shock the heart as soon as possible Advanced life support: Emergency medical services and other healthcare providers provide advanced resuscitation Post-cardiac arrest care: Provide care after the cardiac arrest, including treatment, observation, rehabilitation, and psychological support. Patient Assesment - Patient assessment is the systematic process of gathering and evaluating relevant information about a patient's medical history, symptoms, and physical or mental health status. EMERGENCY - An emergency situation refers to an unexpected event that poses a risk of death or injury and requires immediate response and management. EMERGENCY ACTION PRINCIPLES - Emergency action principles are key 'rules' that guide the actions of rescuers and potential rescuers. DEVELOP A FAMILY EMERGENCY PLAN - includes instructions on where to reunite in case of evacuation, selecting an out-of-state family REHEARSING EMERGENCY PLAN Is the scene safe? Are you wearing the proper Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)? What is your general impression? What is the mechanism of injury and the nature of the illness? CREATE AN EMERGENCY KIT Create a disaster supply kit for your home and car so that you are prepared in case of emergencies and need to be self-sufficient until help Arrives. RIGHTS OF CITIZEN VALUES FORMATION AND PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMAN RIGHTS 1. HUMAN RIGHTS ARE INHERENT TO OUR PART OF HUMAN PERSON 2. HUMAN RIGHTS ARE INALIENABLE; MEANING THEY CANNOT BE TAKEN AWAY 3. HUMAN RIGHTS ARE UNIVERSAL BASIC PRINCIPLES OF HUMAN RIGHTS - EQUALITY - REGARDLESS OF SEX, RELIGION, RACE AND BELIEF - COLLECTIVE RIGHTS - HUMAN RIGHTS ARE ENJOYED BY THE WHOLE SOCIETY - STATE GUARANTEE - GOVERNMENT HAS THE RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECTING AND DEFENDING HUMAN RIGHTS RIGHTS OF THE CITIZENS 1. CIVIL AND POLITICS - consists of obligations (the bill of rights of the 187 constitution) 2. ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS - are rights that cannot be measured readily 3. COLLECTIVE RIGHTS - rights of people are analogous to the rights of the person which consists of three basic rights. - To Survive - To self determination - To develop as a people OUR CIVIL RIGHTS - Granted to private institutions for the purpose of securing the enjoyment of their means to happiness. 1. Right to privacy communications or correspondence 2. Right to against involuntary servitude 3. Right against unreasonable searches and seizures 4. Free access to court 5. Right against imprisonment 6. Non-impairment of contracts 7. Liberty of abode and travel OUR POLITICAL RIGHTS - The rights of the citizen that empowers them to directly or indirectly in establishment or administration of the government 1. Right to citizenship 2. Right to suffrage 3. Right to be informed on matters of public documents 4. Freedom of speech, the press and expression 5. Right to form unions and association 6. Right to petition the government for regardless of grievances 7. Right to participation at all levels of social, political and economic decision-making. 8. Right to sectoral representation shall be included in legislative 9. Right to propose amendments OUR ECONOMIC RIGHTS - Are rights intended to ensure individuals have the ability to meet their basic needs and participate fully in the economic life of their society. OUR SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS - Pertains to a person's freedom to benefit from his capacity to learn and transmit knowledge to succeeding generations. Values - Individual beliefs that motivate people to act one way or another, serve as guide for human behavior Types of Values  1. Universal values - valued by all human beings due to the intrinsic nature of these values or by virtues. 2. Cultural values - dependent upon the social norms, religious beliefs and other environmental situations that a group of people find themselves in. 3. Personal Values - those which are worthwhile to a particular individual Where do our values came from? - Culture - Family - Teachers - Friends - Media Outlets