Memory 2024 Macquarie University PDF

Memory PSYU3344 NEUROPSYCHOLOGY IN CLINICAL PRACTICE Tutorial Outline Memory Stores & Processes Neuropsychological Assessment of Memory Memory after Temporal Lobectomy Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease Memory in Wernicke-Korsakoff’s Syndrome Memory in Herpes Simplex Enceph...

Memory PSYU3344 NEUROPSYCHOLOGY IN CLINICAL PRACTICE Tutorial Outline Memory Stores & Processes Neuropsychological Assessment of Memory Memory after Temporal Lobectomy Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease Memory in Wernicke-Korsakoff’s Syndrome Memory in Herpes Simplex Encephalitis Recommendations for Patients with Memory Deficits 2 Memory Stores 3 Memory Processes 4 Neuropsychological Tests of Memory Verbal Memory Visual Memory - Short Stories Listen to the story and try to remember it - Word Lists 5 Memory after Temporal Lobectomy Epilepsy is an enduring brain disorder that causes recurrent and unprovoked seizures Epilepsy can be categorised based on its site of onset in the brain: generalised or focal The most common type of focal onset epilepsy is temporal lobe epilepsy Most common cause/finding is scarring in the temporal lobe (hippocampal sclerosis) Hippocampal sclerosis causes isolated memory problems (problems with storage) One form of treatment for intractable temporal lobe epilepsy is surgery 6 Memory After Temporal Lobectomy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KkaXNvzE4pk 7 Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease Most common type of dementia accounting for approximately 50% of all dementia cases Onset typically after age 65 (‘senile’ dementia) Causes hippocampal atrophy Typical presentation: primary memory impairment with later deterioration of other cognitive domains and functional decline Memory impairment is characterised by rapid forgetting https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I79IUV1n_L4&t=325s Memory in Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome Disease due to malnutrition: specifically thiamine deficiency Often associated with heavy and chronic consumption of alcohol Those who drink heavily often have poor diets Metabolism of alcohol is reliant on thiamine Leads to lesions in the brain: Mammillary bodies, thalamus, hypothalamus Further lesions common in frontal lobes, hippocampus, and cerebellum Results in: Severe anterograde amnesia with confabulation Temporally graded retrograde amnesia https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wDcyBXJ Recognition memory intact AZNM&t=145s 9 Memory in Herpes Simplex Encephalitis Herpes Simplex is a viral infection that can lead to encephalitis (brain inflammation) Brain lesions of: Lateral and medial temporal cortex (particularly hippocampus) Orbito-frontal cortex Cingulate gyrus Parietal lobe Results in acute confusional state followed by permanent, irreversible memory disorder Severe anterograde amnesia Some possible semantic memory deficits Intact implicit memory Intact working memory 10 Recommendations for Patients with Memory Deficits If you found evidence of memory deficits during a neuropsychological assessment, what recommendations would you make to the patient to cope with/manage those memory deficits? 11 Thank you!