Organization Of The Body PDF

CHAPTER 3 Organization of the Body Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com. Levels of Organization  Structural levels of organization Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC a...

CHAPTER 3 Organization of the Body Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com. Levels of Organization  Structural levels of organization Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com  Cells  Tissues  Organs  Systems  Organism  Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com Levels of Organization (cont.) Cells  Common elements: Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com  Cell membrane: Allows certain substances in and out  Nucleus: Directs activities within cell  Mitochondria: Generate energy for the cell  Cytoplasm: Watery fluid that fills spaces outside the nucleus Tissues  Cells make up tissue. Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com  Similar cells work together to perform similar tasks.  Four types 1. Muscle 2. Connective 3. Nerve 4. Epithelial Organs  Tissues with common functions form organs. Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com  Organs are structures that perform specialized functions.  Examples: brain, stomach, heart  Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com  Each system has its own special purpose.  A group of organs forms a system. Systems Anatomic Position  Body erect, facing Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com forward  Palms facing forward, arms at sides  Left and right from subject’s perspective, not observer’s Directional Terms  Superior (cranial;  Lateral Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com cephalic)  Proximal  Inferior (caudal)  Distal  Anterior (ventral)  Supine  Posterior (dorsal)  Prone  Medial  Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com Directional Terms (cont.)  Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com Body Planes Body Cavities and Divisions  Cranial cavity Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com  Spinal cavity  Thoracic cavity  Abdominopelvic cavity  Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com Body Cavities and Divisions (cont.) Body Cavities and Divisions (cont.)  Regions Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com  Hypochondriac  Epigastric  Lumbar  Umbilical  Hypogastric  Inguinal  Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com Regions of the Spinal Column  Thoracic  Cervical  Lumbar  Coccyx  Sacral  Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com  In the anatomic position, is the big toe medial or lateral to the little toe? Practice  Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com  In the anatomic position, is the big toe medial or lateral to the little toe?  Medial Answer Practice  In the anatomic position, the elbow is _____ to the Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com fingers.  distal, proximal, lateral, medial  Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com  In the anatomic position, the elbow is proximal to the fingers. Answer  Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com  In the anatomic position, the knee is ____ to the hips. Practice  Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com  In the anatomic position, the knee is distal to the hips. Answer  Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com  Identify these word elements:  Chondr/o  Inguin/o  Cerv/o  Myel/o Practice  Cyt/o Answer  Identify these word elements: Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com  Cerv/o: neck  Myel/o: spinal cord  Inguin/o: groin  Chondr/o: cartilage  Cyt/o: cell  Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com  Identify these word elements:  Proxim/o  Poster/o  Anter/o  Neur/o Practice  My/o Answer  Identify these word elements: Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com  Anter/o: front, anterior  My/o: muscle  Neur/o: nerve, neuron  Proxim/o: near  Poster/o: back, posterior  Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com  Analyze this term:  Hypogastric Practice  Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com  Hypogastric means pertaining to below the stomach.  Analyze this term: Answer  Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com  Analyze this term:  Myalgia Practice  Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com  Myalgia means muscle pain.  Analyze this term: Answer  Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com  Analyze this term:  Hypochondriac Practice Answer  Analyze this term: Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com  Hypochondriac means pertaining to below cartilage. (This refers to the region below the rib cartilage.)  Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com  Analyze this term:  Thoracic Practice  Copyright © 2024 by Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC an Ascend Learning Company. www.jblearning.com  Thoracic means pertaining to the chest.  Analyze this term: Answer