Lecture 8 - Prefixes PDF

Summary

This lecture explains medical terminology, focusing on prefixes and suffixes. It covers the basic word parts and how they combine to form complex terms. Example medical terms are shown with their respective meanings.

Full Transcript

Review Review Medical Terms are Built from Prefix...

Review Review Medical Terms are Built from Prefix Word Parts Basic Word Parts Prefixes are added to the front of the term You can distinguish the meaning of many different terms Word root: It is the fundamental meaning of the term Word Part Example (Meaning) They add meanings such as: by analyzing the terms into their word parts: Prefix and Suffix: they modify the meaning of the root Word root Cardiogram (record of the heart) Word roots Location of organ sub- = below Combining form: It consists of root + combining vowel. Prefix Pericardium (around the heart) Combining forms Combining vowel connects word parts Suffix Carditis (inflammation of the heart) Number of parts mono- = one Combining form Cardiomyopathy (heart muscle disease) Prefixes Time or Frequency post- = after Suffixes Always there are exceptions to the rules. Prefix Common Prefixes Common Prefixes Common Prefixes Not all medical terms have a prefix hetero- different a- without, away from dys- painful, difficult, abnormal homo- same an- without endo- within, inner When prefix is written by itself, it will be followed hydro- water ante- before, in front of epi- upon, over by a hyphen hyper- over, above anti- against eso- inward hypo- under, below intra- auto- self eu- normal, good in- not, inward hyper- brady- slow ex- external, outward inter- among, between multi- contra- against exo- outward intra- within, inside de- without extra- outside of Common Prefixes Common Prefixes Common Prefixes Prefixes related to Numbers macro- large post- after bi- two primi- first micro- small pre- before, in front of hemi- half quadri- four trans- through, across myo- to shut pro- before ultra- beyond, excess mono- one semi- partial, half neo- new pseudo- false un- not multi- many tetra- four pan- all retro- backward, behind nulli- none tri- three para- beside, near, abnormal, two like sub- below, under poly- many parts of a pair supra- above per- through tachy- fast peri- around Common Suffixes in Medical Terms Q.1 Q.2 Q.3 Which of the following is a root word? The prefix “tachy-” means ………………. If a patient is complaining of dyspnea, what is his condition? A. anti- A. Above B. hepat B. Outside A. chest pain C. -itis C. Fast B. Stomach ache D. -emia D. High C. nausea D. trouble breathing 14 Q.4 Q.5 Q.6 Matching What is the common prefix meaning “alongside”? The suffix “-logy” refers to: The term for blood in the urine would be: ______ 1. Arthritis a. difficult or painful urination ______ 2. Myodynia b. absence of breathing ______ 3. Hepatomegaly c. pain in a muscle A. peri- A. study of A. Dia-rrhea ______ 4. Apnea d. softening of the bone B. poly- B. occurring after ______ 5. Hematuria e. discharge from the ear B. Rhino-rrhea C. para- C. within ______ 6. Dysuria f. surgical removal of the uterus D. post- D. pertaining to C. Hemat-uria ______ 7. Hysterectomy g. enlargement of the liver D. Hemat-emesis ______ 8. Osteomalacia h. inflammation of a joint ______ 9. Aphasia i. loss of speech ______10. Otorrhea j. blood in the urine Case Study.1 Case Study.2 Case Study.3 Case Study 4 Interpret this case using normal english. History and Assessment: Physical Exam: Physical Exam: The pain awoke the patient from his sleep. Discomfort does Pupils: PEARL, membranes hydrated Thorax: = BS bilaterally, excursion normal, (+) dyspnea, (+) not change with movement or respirations. The pt. has a Hx Airway: Patent, no abnormal sounds angina History and Assessment: of CVD, CHF, HTN, and MI. Medications include ASA, insulin, Abdomen: (-) N/V, (-) distention, (-) incontinence, (-) Breathing: Adequate with good Vt A 67 y/o male c/o angina and dyspnea x 2 hours. The pain is severe Lasix, and lisinopril. He is allergic to PCN. hematuria, (-) diarrhea Circulation: Peripheral pulses intact (8 out of 10), located retrosternal, with radiation to the left Extremities: PMS = times 4, skin W&D, patient MAE well humerus and mandible. Case Study. 5 Treatment: O2 via NRB, ASA 325 mg p.o., nitro 0.3 mg SL x3, IV initiated, patient placed in POC. Pain diminished from 8 to 2 on scale. Respirations now eupneic, and patient states they “feel better.” Hospital notified en route and bedside report given upon arrival.

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