Properties of Matter PDF

Properties of Matter Lesson 1 – Chemistry STEM 12 Prepared by: Ms. Rhoda Mae Allera  LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. Understand the properties of matter and its various forms. 2. Recognize the formulas of common chemical substances. 3. Describe various simple separ...

Properties of Matter Lesson 1 – Chemistry STEM 12 Prepared by: Ms. Rhoda Mae Allera  LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. Understand the properties of matter and its various forms. 2. Recognize the formulas of common chemical substances. 3. Describe various simple separation techniques such as distillation and chromatography. 4. Create a table that indicates the components, use, safety, quality and cost of the consumer products.  Get Started! Identify the characteristics of the given pictures  Get Started! Identify the characteristics of the given pictures  Matter and its Properties Matter Defined as anything that occupies space and has mass. Mass vs. Weight Mass Measure of the amount matter present in an object. Weight Force that gravity exerts on an object.  Physical Properties Chemical Properties Properties of matter that are It is observed when matter is observed without changing involved in a chemical change. the composition of the Characteristic of matter that substance, though their form can only be determined with an may change. accompanying change in Characteristic of matter that identity. is not associated with a Examples: Flammability, toxicity, change in its chemical acidity, and other types of composition. reactivity. Examples: Density, color, hardness, melting and boiling points and electrical conductivity Physical Property Chemical Property  TYPES OF PHYSICAL PROPERTIES Extensive Properties Intensive Properties Property that changes Property that doesn’t when the amount of depend on the amount of matter changes. matter present. Examples: Mass, weight, Examples: Density, color, volume, thickness and odor, taste, hardness and surface area. brittleness  Physical combinations of two or more Mixtures substances. They can be separated by physical processes. The method of separating a mixture into its components depends primarily on the properties of each of the components. Separation Techniques Distillation When the mixture is made up of two or more liquids of different boiling points, distillation is used to separate its components. Separation Techniques Chromatography It is used to separate and identify components of a mixture based on selective affinity. Separation Techniques Filtration It is used to separate undissolved solid components from the liquid in a mixture. Separation Techniques Evaporation It can be used as a separation method to separate components of a mixture with a dissolved solid in a liquid.  Separation Techniques Choose one separation technique. Explain its purpose and cite one example where this method is applied. Separation Technique Purpose Real Life Example  Name that element! Using your periodic table, kindly name the following elements. Element Symbol Element Name Element Symbol Element Name Cl Kr O Xe Cu Pb Sb B Au Mg Ag Be Classification of Matter  Elements It is the simplest type of matter with unique physical and chemical properties. It consists of only one kind of atom, and therefore, cannot be broken down into simpler type of matter by any physical or chemical methods.  Compounds These are substances formed when two or more elements are combined through a chemical change. It can be broken down into simpler substances. Mixtures It consists of two or more substances (elements and/or compounds) that are mixed together. A mixture is a physical blend of two or more substances that preserve their identities and are blended in the form of solutions, suspensions, or colloids. Mixtures Heterogonous mixtures are ones in which their constituents do not mix uniformly. Homogenous mixtures are ones in which they mix uniformly.  Formulas of Common Chemical Compounds Complete the table by identifying the chemical name, formula and uses of the following chemical compounds. Common Name Chemical Name Chemical Formula Uses Table Salt Sodium chloride NaCl Preservation of food Sodium Hydrogen Baking Soda Carbonate NaHCO₃ Food preparation Vinegar Acetic Acid CH3COOH Preservation of food Marsh gas Methane CH₄ Fuels Transport biological Dry Ice Solid carbon dioxide CO₂ samples Ethyl alcohol Ethanol C₂H₅OH Manufacture of drugs Consumer Products Consumer product is the final good that is bought by individuals or households for personal use. These consumer products are goods that are bought for consumption by the average consumer. These were made possible because of the interactions of Science, Technology and Society. The Knowledge (Science) is being used to come up with the different consumer products (Technology) that address problems of the community (Society).  Product Analysis Consumer Some chemical Use Level of Cost Product components Safeness Bath soap Essential To remove Generally safe Generally oil dirt and affordable NaOH sweat. Glycerine Cure skin infection.  Reminders Review your notes in Lesson 1 in Chemistry. Bring periodic Table of Elements.