APUSH Review - Native & Colonial Societies PDF

APUSHREVIEW PARTI (ANSWERS AT BOTTOM) NATIVE & COLONIAL S...

APUSHREVIEW PARTI (ANSWERS AT BOTTOM) NATIVE & COLONIAL SOCIETIES 1. Click on all the links provided. BRITISH Game Setup Every link has an assigned task to NORTH This is an individual complete. self-pace lesson. AMERICA Start by clicking on the link in the red SLAVERY IN square COLONIAL NORTH Follow the path of the AMERICA roadmap. AMERICAN REVOLUTION EARLY REPUBLIC REVIEW 2. You win by showing mastery by passing the quiz at the end. CREATED BY: AMANDA SANDOVAL @HISTORYSANDOVAL ____________________________________________ NATIVE & COLONIAL SOCIETIES VOCAB: Columbian Exchange- The exchange between the Americas, Africa and Britain usually with plants and most diseases and people usually considered to be the old and new world. Indentured Servant- A person who agrees to work for a set time and exchange for something usually land Puritans- People who preached a moral lifestyle and wanted the reformation of the church of England, wanting to improve worship Mayflower Compact- An agreement between the passengers of the mayflower to establish a government once settled The cultivation of this crop strongly influenced the development of Native civilizations: Corn played a large role in the native civilizations Describe how Woodland Northeastern native societies differed from Plains Indian societies. The Woodland areas were more dense with forest and relied on hunting and agriculture, they had complex political structures, forming community political alliances. The plains were mainly grasslands with few trees that relied on hunting for food and materials, they had a political structure revolving around tribes with leadership rules like chiefs. Explain how early British colonies in New England and Chesapeake regions differed from each other economically, culturally and socially. Economically New England focused on small-scale farming, fishing, shipbuilding and trading. Chesapeake relied on cash crops like tobacco which required large plantations, which was where most of the labor force was being provided. Culturally, New England mainly had puritans wanting religious freedom and the Chesapeake side was very diverse in population with not a very religious emphasis. Socially speaking, New England had more focus on community and family while the Chesapeake had a hierarchy between the plantation owners and the poor laborers. Describe the Encomienda System in Spanish Mexico. This is a labor system where spanish settlers got control over natives who were required to provide labor and tribute for protection and religious instruction In what ways did colonial society differ between British, Spanish and French colonies? CREATED BY: AMANDA SANDOVAL @HISTORYSANDOVAL Spanish colonies had a very specific class system based on race and heritage, French colonies had a less rigid system with French and indigenous people working with trade and intermarriage together, and British colonies were more fluidly socially there were still distinctions between wealthy landowners and poor settlers. Why did British colonies begin to import African slaves rather than European indentured servants? They did this due to high labor demand as well as slaves not having rules and regulations while indentured servants did so they wanted the economic benefits without having to worry about the compensation. ________________________________________ BRITISH NORTH AMERICA VOCAB: Mercantilist system- Where colonies work to help the mother country Navigation acts- A series of acts by the British Parliament,the regulation trade between England and its colonies Republicanism- A political party in favor of liberty of the colonies Enlightenment- A movement that favored science over religious reasoning What were the four biggest European ethnic groups to settle in British North America? The English, Irish, Dutch, Germans What was the origin of Bacon’s Rebellion? It was driven by the economic hardships of Virginia as well as the disputes land and the conflict with the native Americans all ending up in the rebellion of 1676. What were some of the causes of the First Great Awakening? Some of the reasons for the first great awakening was the religious decline, which could go hand in hand with the spread of enlightenment ideas with people favoring science over religion, and then when people were wanting to bring this back, it created a good place for revivalist to push their religion. Describe some of the effects of the First Great Awakening. The first great awakening had several effects like the increased religious diversity that it caused because of the new different religions that rose. There were also people feeling more empowered in their own faith, going with people challenging the word of the churches because they were questioning their spirit in the first place, so they were questioning the authority behind them overall this was rise in religion. CREATED BY: AMANDA SANDOVAL @HISTORYSANDOVAL ________________________________________ Slavery in British North America VOCAB: Middle Passage- The transatlantic journey that moved enslaved Africans to the Americas, forcing them to work and it was brutal and inhumane with many people dying of malnutrition and disease and abuse on the trip. Task system- A method of labor organization used on plantations where slaves were assigned specific tasks to complete each day and once they were finished, they had some autonomy. How did the experiences of slaves differ by region in the 17th and18th Centuries? New england- Slavery was on a smaller scale here in the sense of agriculture and most people were domestic surgeons or small scale farmers. Chesapeake- Slavery was more widespread here and labor intensive on plantations, usually tobacco, and they faced harsh conditions and long hours where many people did not survive. South- The task system was very prevalent, and there were many plantations very similar to the Chesapeake, but further south. What was the Stono Rebellion? This was a slavery uprising near the Stono river in South Carolina. They killed multiple colonists and burned down plantations which led to district laws on controlling slaves to prevent future events. _____________________________________________________________________ Revolutionary War VOCAB: Proclamation of 1763- Prohibited American colonists from settling on land from natives to prevent the native American conflicts, which annoyed colonist, adding to the tensions between them and britain Virtual Representation- Elected officials represent entire countries Thomas Paine’s Common Sense- Writing that spoke for independence from Great Britain for the American colonies. What were the short term and long term effects of the French and Indian War? Effects in the short term were the British victory and gaining a vast territory in North America because of the removal of the French though, there were long-term effects of CREATED BY: AMANDA SANDOVAL @HISTORYSANDOVAL the colonies being dissatisfied from the British policies and ruling eventually leading to the American Revolution from rising tensions. Explain the multiple causes of the American Revolution. Some, but not limited to factors of the American revolution was the upset with taxes from the British government otherwise known as the taxation without representation issue. There was also of course the French & Indian war which brought light to the British ruling and colonies being dissatisfied by that. There was also the proclamation of 1763 where colonists were angry that the British government was restricting their settlements and taking control over the west when they were not even present in the situation. There's also the intolerable act that were passed by British parliament from the Boston tea party that were meant to to reassert British authority over the colonies, rising even more tension to leading to the American revolution What were the reasons for Patriot victory during the Revolutionary War? The colonists won due to their strong motivation fighting for their own nation, as well as their familiarity with the land against the British because they had homeland benefits, as well as their alliances that provided them with crucial support. They had specific waring tactics like guerilla warfare and leadership skills like George Washington that were very helpful to the success of their army _____________________________________________________________________ EARLY REPUBLIC VOCAB: Checks and balances- A system set up of multiple branches of government. Separation of powers- Divides the government into the three branches of legislative executive and judicial Three-fifths clause- A provision that determined Congress representation and taxation of enslaved people would be counted as only 3/5 of a person Northwest Ordinance- Government for the northwest territory giving a new method for new states into the union Electoral College- The process of where electors cast votes for President and vice president counting as the votes of the overall decision Describe some of the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation. There was a large lack of power within the national government, which made it difficult for law to pass, giving states too much power because they could easily undermine the government and ignore laws because there was a lacking of a form of central government to bring them together as a country CREATED BY: AMANDA SANDOVAL @HISTORYSANDOVAL While the Articles were a failure in governance, what were some of the Articles of Confederation’s successes? A large success of the articles of confederation was the northwest ordinance which allowed a process for new states to join the union guaranteeing basic rights for new state residents giving an outline to Westward expansion furthering the country's development. Describe the impact of Shays’s Rebellion on the transition from the Articles to a new Constitution. Shays rebellion significantly kickstarted the transition from the articles of confederation to the constitution by showing the weakness of the federal government because of its inability to respond to the rebellion as well as an argument created for a central government to be stronger to be able to handle these sorts of issues. What did the Great Compromise of 1787 do? This created the legislation of two houses (bicameral) with one house based on proportional representation(state pop.) and the other one based on equal representation (2 each), and it was to settle the debate between the large and small, smaller states What was the purpose of the Bill of Rights and why was it not originally included in the Constitution? The Bill of Rights was created to verify the protection of individual liberties and address the concerns of the anti-federalist party and it wasn't in the constitution originally because farmers believed that the constitution itself limited the government powers but to gain support of the anti-federalists for ratification. The Congress proposed the bill of rights so it was added as the first 10 amendments of the constitution. Explain the differences between Federalists and Anti-Federalists. Federalists were in favor of the constitution and did not think the bill of rights were necessary. They saw the constitution as sufficient and they were largely in populated areas while the rural areas were more anti-federalist and they believed that the constitution did not help individual rights so they wanted the Bill of Rights. Overall the federalists wanted a strong central government while anti-federalist wanted more state MARKET REVOLUTION & AGE OF REFORMS VOCAB: Factory system- A system where machinery and workers are utilized in large factories manufacturing goods efficiently on larger scales CREATED BY: AMANDA SANDOVAL @HISTORYSANDOVAL Mill girls- Young women who worked in textile factories Manifest destiny- The idea that the us was bound to expansion westward Transcendentalists- The emphasizes people's inherent good and intuition seeing as the connection between human and nature is key to this ideology Second Great Awakening- A series of revival in religion as a response to science and confusion from the american revolution. Which social classes emerged as a result of the Market Revolution? There was the emergence of the middle class and working class from the market revolution Describe how the Market Revolution impacted traditional gender and family roles. This created the separate spheres ideology where men to the public and economic spheres from working and women went to the domestic sphere to complete caregiver and homemaker tasks. What was the purpose of the Seneca Falls Convention? This was the first women's rights convention with the purpose of discussing women's rights and societal roles. What was Henry Clay’s American System? A plan with the goal of economic growth in the nation with concepts of protective tariffs and a national bank as well as internal improvements of the nation to improve America. _____________________________________________________________________ WAR OF 1812 VOCAB: Embargo of 1807- American ships could no longer trade with foreign nations, basically ending exports to pressure France and Britain into understanding America's stance on the war. Impressment- A system with the British navy making American semen become a part of their navy by seizing them. Explain the origins of the War of 1812. Some of the main ways that the war of 1812 originated was the British navy's impressment of the American semen as well as America's desire to expand westward into the Native American territories that were offen British backed. There was national pride growing in the United States with the desire to define independence from Britain's rule. CREATED BY: AMANDA SANDOVAL @HISTORYSANDOVAL _____________________________________________________________________ JACKSONIAN ERA Jacksonian Democracy- Andrew Jacksos’s advocating for more political action from the common man by expanding voting rights to all white men instead of men who have property ownership. Second Bank of the United States- A private financial business that was used as a central national bank to help stabilize the national economy especially from war complications. Panic of 1837- An economic depression from Jackson's presidency due to the crashing of banks. What were Andrew Jackson’s goals during his Presidency? Andrew Jackson wanted a jacksonian democracy of increased voters for all white men regardless of status to have a vote, he wanted to represent the common man. What were the immediate and long term effects of Jackson’s defeat of the Second Bank of the United States? In the short term there was a chaotic economic system/downfall with speculation when banks were lending creating the panic of 1837. In the long term this created the distrust of banking systems being centralized in the U.S not allowing a national bank to help the country leading to the government managing the economics of the country for a while. _____________________________________________________________________ LEAD UP TO CIVIL WAR VOCAB: Cotton is King- This is the economic importance of cotton in the southern economy. Compromise of 1850- Laws to help north and south but did not solve the issue of slavery Fugitive Slave Act of 1850- Required citizens to return escaped slaves to owners Popular Sovereignty- Allowed territory residents to decide on states slavery Kansas Nebraska Act- Allowed the creation of both territories with Nebraska being free and Kansas being a slave state Explain how the Mexican-American War exacerbated the nation’s sectional divide. This further heightened the debate over slavery expansion into the new territory from the Mexican-American war because people did not agree on how the territory should be used in relation to slavery. Explain the differences between radical and moderate Abolitionism. CREATED BY: AMANDA SANDOVAL @HISTORYSANDOVAL Radical abolitionists wanted an immediate end of slavery with no compensation for slaveholders, they saw slavery as an abomination and did not think it should continue to happen. Moderate abolitionists took the gradual approach to the ending of slavery believing it would prevent the southern economy from falling apart. _____________________________________________________________________ CIVIL WAR & RECONSTRUCTION VOCAB: Emancipation Proclamation- Made states in confederacy to set slaves free Black Codes- Laws in Southern states to restrict African-Americans freedom forcing them to be laborers from poverty Fourteenth Amendment- Granted birthright citizenship Explain how the Union won the Civil War. The north had more industrial strength for them to have better bases and weapons that the southern did not as well as they had a larger population for more soldiers. They had very effective leadership with Abraham Lincoln and strategies they also had the southern unionists to take them down from the inside. Overall, they had a strong sense of community that led them to winning the war against the confederacy. Describe the differences between Presidential & Radical Reconstruction. Presidential reconstruction is meant to be a lenient approach to integrate the south after the Civil War led by president Johnson while radical reconstruction, advocated for stricter measures to assure the civil rights for freed slaves was a main focus in the reintegration. How did the Compromise of 1877 end Reconstruction? This happened multiple ways by resolving the disputed presidential election of 1876 with Democrats agreeing to the presidency of President Hayes in exchange with withdrawal of the federal troops from the southern states which marked the end of federal force of the reconstruction times. MARKET REVOLUTION & AGE OF REFORMS VOCAB: Factory system- A system where machinery and workers are utilized in large factories manufacturing goods efficiently on larger scales Mill girls- Young women who worked in textile factories Manifest destiny- The idea that the us was bound to expansion westward Transcendentalists- The emphasizes people's inherent good and intuition seeing as the connection between human and nature is key to this ideology CREATED BY: AMANDA SANDOVAL @HISTORYSANDOVAL Second Great Awakening- A series of revival in religion as a response to science and confusion from the american revolution. Which social classes emerged as a result of the Market Revolution? There was the emergence of the middle class and working class from the market revolution Describe how the Market Revolution impacted traditional gender and family roles. This created the separate spheres ideology where men to the public and economic spheres from working and women went to the domestic sphere to complete caregiver and homemaker tasks. What was the purpose of the Seneca Falls Convention? This was the first women's rights convention with the purpose of discussing women's rights and societal roles. What was Henry Clay’s American System? A plan with the goal of economic growth in the nation with concepts of protective tariffs and a national bank as well as internal improvements of the nation to improve America. _____________________________________________________________________ WAR OF 1812 VOCAB: Embargo of 1807- American ships could no longer trade with foreign nations, basically ending exports to pressure France and Britain into understanding America's stance on the war. Impressment- A system with the British navy making American semen become a part of their navy by seizing them. Explain the origins of the War of 1812. Some of the main ways that the war of 1812 originated was the British navy's impressment of the American semen as well as America's desire to expand westward into the Native American territories that were offen British backed. There was national pride growing in the United States with the desire to define independence from Britain's rule. _____________________________________________________________________ JACKSONIAN ERA CREATED BY: AMANDA SANDOVAL @HISTORYSANDOVAL Jacksonian Democracy- Andrew Jacksos’s advocating for more political action from the common man by expanding voting rights to all white men instead of men who have property ownership. Second Bank of the United States- A private financial business that was used as a central national bank to help stabilize the national economy especially from war complications. Panic of 1837- An economic depression from Jackson's presidency due to the crashing of banks. What were Andrew Jackson’s goals during his Presidency? Andrew Jackson wanted a jacksonian democracy of increased voters for all white men regardless of status to have a vote, he wanted to represent the common man. What were the immediate and long term effects of Jackson’s defeat of the Second Bank of the United States? In the short term there was a chaotic economic system/downfall with speculation when banks were lending creating the panic of 1837. In the long term this created the distrust of banking systems being centralized in the U.S not allowing a national bank to help the country leading to the government managing the economics of the country for a while. _____________________________________________________________________ LEAD UP TO CIVIL WAR VOCAB: Cotton is King- This is the economic importance of cotton in the southern economy. Compromise of 1850- Laws to help north and south but did not solve the issue of slavery Fugitive Slave Act of 1850- Required citizens to return escaped slaves to owners Popular Sovereignty- Allowed territory residents to decide on states slavery Kansas Nebraska Act- Allowed the creation of both territories with Nebraska being free and Kansas being a slave state Explain how the Mexican-American War exacerbated the nation’s sectional divide. This further heightened the debate over slavery expansion into the new territory from the Mexican-American war because people did not agree on how the territory should be used in relation to slavery. Explain the differences between radical and moderate Abolitionism. Radical abolitionists wanted an immediate end of slavery with no compensation for slaveholders, they saw slavery as an abomination and did not think it should continue CREATED BY: AMANDA SANDOVAL @HISTORYSANDOVAL to happen. Moderate abolitionists took the gradual approach to the ending of slavery believing it would prevent the southern economy from falling apart. _____________________________________________________________________ CIVIL WAR & RECONSTRUCTION VOCAB: Emancipation Proclamation- Made states in confederacy to set slaves free Black Codes- Laws in Southern states to restrict African-Americans freedom forcing them to be laborers from poverty Fourteenth Amendment- Granted birthright citizenship Explain how the Union won the Civil War. The north had more industrial strength for them to have better bases and weapons that the southern did not as well as they had a larger population for more soldiers. They had very effective leadership with Abraham Lincoln and strategies they also had the southern unionists to take them down from the inside. Overall, they had a strong sense of community that led them to winning the war against the confederacy. Describe the differences between Presidential & Radical Reconstruction. Presidential reconstruction is meant to be a lenient approach to integrate the south after the Civil War led by president Johnson while radical reconstruction, advocated for stricter measures to assure the civil rights for freed slaves was a main focus in the reintegration. How did the Compromise of 1877 end Reconstruction? This happened multiple ways by resolving the disputed presidential election of 1876 with Democrats agreeing to the presidency of President Hayes in exchange with withdrawal of the federal troops from the southern states which marked the end of federal force of the reconstruction times. power Quiz grade: 6/7 CREATED BY: AMANDA SANDOVAL @HISTORYSANDOVAL