HISTORY N IMPORTANCE OF SP.pdf

Ph.D. in Education from University of Iowa HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF (1928) FILIPINO PSYCHOLOGY Succeeded Alonzo as Chairman of UP’s...

Ph.D. in Education from University of Iowa HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF (1928) FILIPINO PSYCHOLOGY Succeeded Alonzo as Chairman of UP’s Psychology Department 17 th Century 3. Sinforoso Padilla Philosophical Psychology (brought by the First to major in Psychology from the Spaniard Priests) was taught at the University of undergraduate to the doctoral level San Carlos (Cebu) and at the University of Santo Earned his AB in Psychology from Willamette Tomas (Manila) as part of the European University (Oregon, USA) in 1924, an MA academic tradition from University of Oregon in 1926, and Ph.D. Early 1900’s from University of Michigan in 1928 The University of the Philippines was established Established the Psychological Clinic at UP in by the Americans and psychology was taught as 1932 a subject separate from Philosophy 4. Jesus Perpinan A Department of Psychology was established Received his B.S. in Education from Siliman attached to the School of Education University, his MA from Colombia University, and his Ph.D. from Iowa State University 1948 (1933) UST being the first institution to offer a Bachelor Upon his return to the Philippines, he set up of Science in Psychology, Master’s, and the FEU Psychological Clinic and became Doctorate degrees in the field head of Department of Psychology 5. Elias Bumatay 1960’s Received his Ph.D. in Educational Psychology Department of Psychology relied heavily on from the University of Texas (1940) education courses particularly those in Guidance He became the Dean of the Education at and Counselling National University In schools without Psychology Departments, 6. Angel de Blas psychology courses were organized and offered A Spanish priest, received his Ph.D. in primarily by colleges or departments of Philosophy from UST (1934) education Establsihed the Experimental Psychology at Majority of those teaching psychology courses in UST (1938) and was a chairman of the and out of departments of psychology held Department of Psychology from its degrees in Education establishment in the early 1930’s to 1954 7. Emmanuel Vit Samson THE PIONEERS A physician, succeeded de Blas as chairman 1. Agustin Alonzo of UST’s Psychology Department (lasted for Bachelor and Master’s Degree in Education 18 years) from UP 8. Estefania Aldaba-Lim Received a Ph.D. in Experimental Psychology Received her undergraduate training in from the University of Chicago in 1926 Education at the Philippine Women’s Became head of the UP Department of University and an MA in Education from UP, Psychology 2. Isidro Panlasigui  and a Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology at The Pioneers University of Michigan Felt the responsibility to introduce and The first Filipino to receive a Ph.D. in Clinical strengthen scientific psychology in their Psychology respective schools Began the psychology program at PWU with There was a lot of resourcefulness necessary to the establishment of its Institute for Human teach early laboratory courses: Relations - Lagmay remembers constructing his own 9. Alfredo Lagmay Skinner boxes Obtained AB and MA Degrees in Philosophy - Bulatao recalls making mazes and finger from UP before going to Harvard University dexterity devices where he received a Ph.D. in Experimental Psychology (1995) Early 1960’s Became chairman of the UP Psychology There does not seem to have much research Department for 22 years work done in early years up until the early 10. Mariano Obias 1960’s: Received his Ph.D. in Comparative and - UP records: “The Psychology of Feeling” Physiological Psychology from Stanford – MA thesis in Psychology by Agustin University (1995) Alonzo (1922) After teaching at UP, he joined Caltex - “Girl’s Juvenile Delinquency in the Philippines as head of their Personnel Philippines” – by Estefania Aldaba-Lim Department - 13 other theses are listed prior to World 11. Jaime Bulatao War II, listed under Psychology written Received his Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology from for degrees in Education Fordham University (1961) - UST records: “An Attempt to Determine Established the department of Psychology at the Nature of Dreams” by Sr. Mary the Ateneo de Manila University Cuenca (1935) - UST records: “Pleasure and Happiness” a THE FRONTIER Ph.D. thesis by Josefina Conlu First Courses Taught - UST record: “Psychology from the ✓ General Psychology Standpoint of Scholasticism” by ✓ Genetic Psychology Merquiades Papa ✓ Educational Psychology After WWII Works ✓ Tests and Measurements Reflects an interest in Clinical Psychology Gradually, New Courses Were - UP records: “Ink-Blot Study of Introduced Imagination” by Cornelio Manuel (1947) ✓ Experimental Psychology - UP records: “A Study of Extra Sensory ✓ Personality Theory Perception” by Aurora Minoza (1953) ✓ Abnormal Psychology - “The Present Status of the Rorschach ✓ Comparative Psychology Test in the Victoriano Luna General ✓ Social Psychology Hospital” by Ruiz de Arana (1954)  - “A Study of Drugless Healing” by Teresa 60’s to 80’s Goba (1955) 23 schools offering AB Psychology - “The Group Rorschach Method: 15 schools offering BS Psychology Preliminary Studies on 6 schools offering AB Behavioral Science - Filipinos” by Charlotte Floro (1955) 14 schools offering MA Psych 1 school offering MS Psych Psychological Clinic 9 schools offering MA in Education major In the area of psychology practice, the first in Guidance and Counseling psychological clinic was set up by Sinforoso 4 schools offering Ph.D. in Psych Padilla at UP (1932) – Clients were mainly 3 schools offering Ph.D. in Guidance and students but outsiders are also accepted Counselling Services: *** Psychology has been used as one of preparatory - Testing (intelligence, personality, courses for medicine vocation) - Counselling 1962 - Therapy The Psychological Association of the Philippines - Hypnosis was used by Padilla (PAP) was established Committed to promoting excellence in 1948 psychology’s teaching, research, and practice The Institute of Human Relations at PWU in 1948 and its recognition as a scientifically oriented consisted of: discipline for human and social development ✓ Clinical Psychologist: E. Aldaba-Lim ✓ Guidance Counsellors (chief of students 1960’s counselling center) A group of government psychologists from ✓ Psychiatric Social Worker National Mental Hospital were pushing for the ✓ Psychiatrists Psychology Bill (for certification of ✓ Remedial Reading Specialists psychometricians and licensing of practicing ✓ Junior Level Psychologists (testing) psychologists) - Earliest recorded systematic practicum program for psychology students 1963 - Extended its services to other schools PAP holds its first annual convention, leading to and to the community at large its first publication: “Symposium on the Filipino Personality” Neuropsychological Services The first to offer neuropsychological services was the V. Luna General Hospital (1947) ✓ Psychiatrists: Jaime Zaguirre ✓ Clinical Psychologist: Olga Ruiz de Arana ✓ Psychologist: Natividad Dayan ✓ Social Workers * Clients were military personnel and some civilians SIKOLOHIYANG PILIPINO There is a search for national identity and a quest for national development. HISTORY 1963 Spanish Era Psychological Association of the Philippines Filipino intellectuals, notably two Philippine (PAP) held its first annual convention, leading to heroes Jose Rizal and Apolinario Mabini, its first publication, Symposium on the Filipino expressed dissatisfaction at the pejorative Personality interpretations of Filipino behavior by Western observers. This disenchantment continued as 1970’s Filipinos struggled to assert their national and Virgilio Gaspar Enriquez (Ph.D. in Social cultural identity. Psychology at Northwestern University, USA) introduced the concept of Sikolohiyang Pilipino American Era V. Enriquez and Dr. Alfredo V. Lagmay (Chairman American education system and language is of Dept. of Psychology at UP) embarked on a introduced, with it came American Psychology research into the historical and cultural roots of ‘Mainstreamed psychology’: psychology in the Philippine Psychology West disseminated throughout the world through colonization Early 1970’s Panukat ng Ugali at Pagkatao (Measure of 1960’s Personality and Character) V. Enriquez & A. Filipino intellectuals and scholars were already Lagmay – a two volume of bibliography on sensitive to: Filipino Psychology ✓ inadequacy (not being enmeshed and bound by the culture being studied) 1975 ✓ unfairness of the Western-oriented November 6 – 11, 1975 – founding Pambansang psychology Samahan ng Sikolohiyang Pilipino (National “impressionistic point of view of the colonizers” Association for Philippine Psychology) – Enriquez (1992) Unang Pambansang Kumperensya sa “the native Filipino invariably suffers from the Sikolohiyang Pilipino (First National Conference comparison in not too subtle attempts to put on Filipino Psychology) – held at Abelardo forward Western behavior patterns as models Auditorium at UP for the Filipino” – Enriquez (1992) Founders of indigenization movement: ✓ Virgilio Enriquez (Sikolohiyang Pilipino) ✓ Prospero Covar (Pilipinolohiya) ✓ Zeus Salazar (Pantayong Pananaw) Virgilio Gaspar Enriquez Ama ng Sikolohiyang Pilipino (Father of Filipino Psychology) Established the Philippine Psychology Research and Training House (PPRTH)  UP Department of Psychology chair from 1977- 1. Academic-scientific psychology – coincide 1982 with birth of scientific psychology and the “Psychology moving East” (1987) entry of Western psychology (mainly “Indigenous Psychology and National American) at Philippine universities Consciousness” (1989) 2. Academic-philosophical psychology – from “From Colonial to Liberation Psychology” (1992) western tradition: study of psychology as an “Pagbabanongong-Dangal: Indigenous aspect of philosophy Psychology & Cultural Empowerment” (1994) 3. Ethnic psychology (Katutubong Sikolohiya) – major basis of Sikolohiyang Pilipino which DEFINING SIKOLOHIYANG PILIPINO includes Indigenous Psychology, Psychology Sikolohiya sa Pilipinas (Psychology in the of Filipinos, and the Practice of Psychology by Philippines) – the general form of psychology in Filipinos the Philippine context 4. Psycho-medical system with religion as a Sikolohiya ng mga Pilipino (Psychology of the cohesive element and explanation Filipinos) – theorizing about the psychological (indigenous medico-religious practice) nature of the Filipinos, whether from a local or a i.e. babaylan-katalonan foreign perspective Major Characteristics of SP V. Enriquez V. Enriquez came up with the definition of A. Empirical Philosophy – academic-scientific psychology that takes into account the study of psychology emotions and experienced knowledge (kalooban and kamalayan), awareness of one’s B. Rational Philosophy – clerical tradition, surroundings (ulirat), information and phenomenology understanding (isip), habits and behavior (diwa), C. Liberalism – Philippine propaganda movements and the soul (kaluluwa) which is the way to SP’s principal emphasis is on identity and learning about people’s conscience national consciousness, social awareness and Sikolohiyang Pilipino (Filipino Psychology) – involvement, psychology of language and “Sikolohiyang bunga ng karanasan, kaisipan, at culture, and applications and bases of Filipino orentasyon ng Pilipino, batay sa kabuuang psychology in health practices, agriculture, art, paggamit ng kultura at wikang Pilipino” mass media, & religion. - The scientific study of psychology derived from the experience, ideas, and cultural orientation of Filipinos - Anchored on Filipino thought and experience as understood from a Filipino perspective Four Filiations of SP Zeus Salazar (1985) - A historian that examined the History of Sikolohiyang Pilipino and came up with the four filiations of Philippine Psychology IMPORTANCE OF SIKOLOHIYANG PILIPINO Pambansang Samahan ng Sikolohiyang Pilipino Goals (Layunin) of PSSP Promote (isulong at itaguyod) Sikolohiyang Pilipino (SP) as understood in our own perspective and based on our context. Impart (ipalaganap) SP at universities, government departments, private agencies, and the media. Cultivate and use knowledge and methodology based on culture and experiences of Filipinos. 2. Creates a more inclusive psychology Create a systematic research methods and data ✓ Corrects the biases of a dominantly Euro- gathering tools based on Filipino culture and American Psychology experiences of Filipinos *PSSP E-Diwa To help the marginalized (isinisantabi) Filipinos Why does teaching and learning Sikolohiyang Pilipino matter? 1. CHED requirement 3. Contribute to global discourse ✓ Expands the knowledge base of Psychology 4. SP as an instrument of decolonization The government plays a significant role advocation decolonization. Strict One size does NOT fit all implementation of the principles laid down in Traces of Colonialism in PH the Constitution and laws that protect Philippine Yet while “independent” implied a Philippines industry and are pro-Filipino should be officially free from foreign rule, many practiced. Some provisions that promote the contemporary narratives of Filipino identity, interests of Filipinos and protect Philippine citizenship, and statehood are inevitably entrepreneurs from foreign exploitation exist in influenced by the colonial past and the the 1987 Philippine Constitution such as Filipino continuing undue influence of other countries. control of the economy (Art. II, Sec. 19). Filipino Colonial Mentality Angat-Patong Approach Internalized oppression and perception of Iaangat mo mula sa ibang kultura at ipapatong ethnic or cultural inferiority mo sa realidad ng ibang kultura (Mangulabnan, Skin-color hierarchy 1978) Patronage of foreign culture Uncritical acceptance and use of theories and Desire for immigration methods without carrying out (even the Kulelat Syndrome – to perform badly; to be last slightest) technical changes to make it more in a competition; to do poorly culturally appropriate It is a burden and a barrier for the progress of Using foreign made psychological tests Philippine economy, especially on industries Items from foreign Psychological Test: producing Philippine-made merchandises. “I mow the lawn during summer, and I shovel Filipinos tend to see Western goods as superior the snow during winter” over those made in the Philippines thus a “How much is a dime?” producer and a vendor of Philippine goods will Proper use of foreign made tests have a hard time marketing them. ✓ Compare scores with local norms ✓ Make alterations with permission from the SP as an Instrument test author SP can be an instrument of decolonization – ✓ You may prefer to use non-verbal tests Impacts of colonial history on how we think and (i.e. Culture Fair Intelligence Test) behave From CULTURE FREE TEST to CULTURE Decolonization FAIR TEST Task of unlearning colonial mentality. Authored/ developed by Raymond Cattell and Objective: to retell the narrative of the Karen Cattell oppressive colonial experience throughout Philippine society for the purpose of exposing its oppressive intent. Yango (2009) asserted that “liberation begins with recognizing one’s history” thus the means of decolonizing is not found in the destruction of the colonial narrative but within the “power of knowing the colonial experience”. CULTURE FAIR INTELLIGENCE TEST (CFIT) 5. Gives us more opportunity to understand and appreciate ourselves as Filipinos