HIST 202 Test 3 Study Guide PDF

Noah Larsen Sepoy Rebellion **Where:** India **What:** It was a rebellion sparked by grievances among indian soldiers, or sepoys, in the british east india companies army. The greased cartirdge rumor erupeted the rebellion. Cultural and religious disrespect. **When:** 1857 **Impacts:** The Bri...

Noah Larsen Sepoy Rebellion **Where:** India **What:** It was a rebellion sparked by grievances among indian soldiers, or sepoys, in the british east india companies army. The greased cartirdge rumor erupeted the rebellion. Cultural and religious disrespect. **When:** 1857 **Impacts:** The British used new technology like the telegraph to win this rebellion. This leads to the establishment of new imperials After the war the British began sending Indians to western schools to be educated. This is why so many Indians speak english today. This also brought down the tensions after the rebellion failed. Shaka **When:** early 19th century **Where:** Southern Africa **Who:** Leader of the zulu kingdom, known for his military innovations and estalbishing a power centralized state **Impacts:** He created a model for resistance against european colonial forces, influencing the african nationalist movements His military reforms expanded the zulu territory, reshaping the political landscape in South africa. Charles Fourier **When:** 1772-1837 **Where:** France **What:** He is considered the grandfather of socialism who made Phalanx. **Impacts:** He introduced ideas about cooperative communities where people lived in harmony. His visions influenced future socialist movements in Europe and america. Fourier advocated for women\'s rights and criticized traditional marriage, promoting gender equality within his communities. His ideas impacted 19th century socialist and feminist thinkers. Karl Marx **When:** 1818-1883 **Where:** Europe **What:** Father of socialism as a political movement **Impacts:** Said that as workers conditions and pay deteriorates a revolution will happen and socialism will direct that movement. This inspired other socialist thinkers and others to question capitalism His ideas impacted the world by inspiring and communist movements. Through his theory of class struggle and critique of capitalism. His ideas influenced the formation of the soviet nation. Ghost Dance **When:** late 18th to early 19th century **Where:** Native american territories in the western united states **What:** A dance that represented ancestors returning and the disappearance of settlers. **Impacts:** Contributed to a strong identity among native americans, leading to a cultural revival and solidarity. This highlighted Native American resistance against the US expansion. Leading to conflicts with native americans and the settleres. Taiping Rebellion **When:** Mid 19th Century **Where:** China **What:** A huge civil war led bu Hong Xiuquan, claiming to be the brother of Jesus, against the Qing dynasty **Impacts:** Weakened the Qing dynasty, opening it to foreign influence, and inspiring other movements like the boxer rebellion The high death toll lead to a weakened China economy. This lead to internal unrest and a weekend infrastructure of china. Wahhabism **When:** 1744 **Where:** Arabian peninsula **What:** A branch of sunni islam by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab a muslim scholar and preacher who wanted to reform Islam and return it to its purity. Based on a strict interpretation of the Quran **Impacts:** Has played a central role in the foundation and governance of Saudi Arabia. It has influenced its legal system, religious outreach, and society making the country a dominant force. Wahhabism\'s strict interpretation of islam had influenced radical islam groups into the modern era. It has influenced groups like Qaeda and ISIS who have impacted global security and geopolitics. Mayan Revolt (Caste War) **When:** 1847-1901 **Where:** Yucatan **What:** It was an uprising by the Mayan people against the Mexican government and local elites. **Impacts:** This revolt led to significant violence, population displacement, and the establishment of a temporary mayan state, Chan Santa Cruz. This state resisted mexican forces for decades Another significant impact this had was this led to the creation of the cult of the talking cross. Which is still influential in Mayan culture to this day. Usman dan Fodio **When:** 1754-1817 **Where:** Western Africa **What:** Was a west african islamic scholar, reformer, and the founder of the Sokoto Caliphate. **Impacts:** Usman\'s jihad led to the creation of the world largest and influential islamic empires in the 19th century. It unified most of northern nigeria and spread islamic governance. His movement promoted widespread islamic reform, influencing religious, social, and educational practices across africa. This had lasting effects on islamic identity and governance. Tenskwatawa **When:** 1805-1820 **Where:** America **What:** A so-called prophet that blended christianity with traditional ideals but also wanted to go back to original customs. **Impacts:** Promised freedom from the white man if his people were faithful. This lead to the idea of native americans painting white people as bad Led to increased US military action against the native tribes. This influenced US politics and stereotypes against the natives. Tecumseh Same thing as above basically Nationalism **When:** 1789-1914 **Where:** The western world **What:** a natural grouping of people based on ethnicity, language, and spirit **Impacts:** Territory becomes set in stone. This leads to maps and globes beginning to plot nations by color. National myths became popular in countries. These were myths that exxgaerated characters and fabricated them to make them seem legendary. This made people loyal to their country and led to more people going to war for their country Liberalism **When:** 19th century and onwards **Where:** global **What:** An ideology emphasizing democracy and the rights of the people **Impacts:** Promoted democratic reforms in America and Europe. This shaped how governments worked for decades This influenced economic policies as free markets and capitalism became a common frame for many countries across the world. Meiji Restoration **When:** Mid 18th century **Where:** Japan **What:** restored imperial rule in Japan and led to the modernization of Japan **Impacts:** Modernized Japans military and economy, making it a an industrial power in the world Led to tensions with neighboring countries. This led to conflicts in Asia as Japan tried to expand its power Manifest Destiny **When:** mid 19th century **Where:** In the Americas **What:** The idea that settlers in america have a divine right to expand westward to conquer new land **Impacts:** Social Darwinism **When** late 19th century **Where** Western Europe **What** Natural selection and survival of the fittest applied to society **Impacts** Led to the idea of eugenics after social darwinism dwindled. This influenced the natzis to \"purify\" their countries by killing disbaled people and jews. It justified European colonial expansion and imperialism in the 19th and early 20th centuries. It brought the idea of \"survival of the fittest\" and was a big influence as to why European powers colonized Africa, Asia, and Europe as they saw them as \"lesser\" societies they were bringing \"civilization\" to. Telegraph **When:** Early 19th century **Where:** US and england **What:** was a communication technology that transmitted messages over long distances through electric signals sent via wires. Messages were in morse code **Impacts:** Revolutionized global communication as messages were able to be sent instantly across the globe. This leads to news and information being received in societies extremely fast leading to impacts in military operations and businesses. Paved the way for new technologies such as the telephone and the radio. Allowing individuals to communicate with each other. This established the principle for global connectivity. Otto von Bismarck **When:** 1815 **Where:** Germany **What:** United Germany through constructed nationalism and carefully thought out wars. **What does it mean to override something when usi** **Impacts:** Germany was a mess before 1806 and otto van bismarck unified it for the first time through important wars. This led to the creation of a strong german identity Set the groundwork for german militarism, influencing european geopolitics and led to the alliances made for ww1. Berlin Conference of 1884-85 **Where:** Berlin, Germany **What:** A meeting of European powers to establish rules for colonizing africa. **Impacts:** Led to the scramble for Africa for resources. This impacted africa\'s economy and led to its industrialization This instigated conflicts with the african people and led to a lot of deaths of the african people. This resonates still to the current day New Imperialism **When:** late 19th century **Where:** Africa, Asia, Pacific **What:** expansionist policies by European powers. Motivated by economic gains and industrialization **Impacts:** This increased European control over territories in Asia and africa. This led to conflicts and battles in the regions european powers controlled Introduced western education, christianity, infrastructure, etc. to asia and africa. This shaped and modernized asia and africa and its culture Carl Peters **When:** late 19th century **Where:** Germany/Africa **What:** An explorer who founded German east africa. Known for his violent ways with the african people **Impacts:** He increased German influence in east africa. His actions led to resentment to colonial forces in africa He symbolized the harsh and violence methods used to colonize in africa. This led to debates of using violence to colonize Pierre de Brazza **When:** mid 19th century **Where:** France, congo **What:** a french explorer who established the french colonies of central africa. Known for his peaceful approach **Impacts**: He expanded French rule in Africa without resorting to violence. This showed that colonizing without using violent/forceful approach is possible He established the french congo. This impacted the regional boundaries with other European powers in the area. Cecil Rhodes **When:** late 19th century **Where:** southern africa **What:** imperialism and business man, known for establishing british control over modern day zimbabwe and zambia **Impacts:** He expanded british influence in southern africa, shaping colonial borders. His legacy and views fueled ideologies of racial superiority His actions contributed to the development of apartheid systems in southern africa. This led to further ideas of racial superiority. Boxer Rebellion **When:** early 20th century **Where:** China **What:** A rebellion made up of ant christian anti foreign \"boxers\" that wanted to expel foreign influence in china **Impacts:** Improved china nationalism and created resentment towards foreign powers. This led China to rarely take part in foreign affairs. Weakened the Qing dynasty and increased foreign control over china. This ultimately fed into the century of humiliation. Herero-Namaqua Genocide **When:** early 19th century **Where:** Africa **What:** A mass killing of herero and nama people by german people in response to colonial resistance. **Impacts:** This was the first genocide in world history. This lead to debates on human rights. This left a legacy of trauma and resistance. This lead to anti colonial sentiment in namibia Commodore Matthew Perry **When:** mid 19th century **Where:** Japan **What:** a US naval officer who forced japan to open up trade with the west, ending its period of isolation. **Impacts:** This increased western influence in asia. Which helped modernize japan and expand its influence. This led to the modernization of japan, making it a global power. This influenced its imperialism ambitions in asia. Modernism **When:** late 19th century **Where:** Global **What:** a cultural and artistic movement emphasizing innovation and break from traditional forms **Impacts:** Influenced art and architecture, this led to new styles such as abstract art and modernist literature Paved the way for postmodernism and contemporary artistic expressions. Sigmund Freud **When:** late 19th century to early 20th century **Where:** Austria **What:** Psychoanalyst who founded the field of psychoanalysis. Developed theories on the unconscious mind **Impacts:** He transformed psyhoclogy and introduced new methods for understanding human behavior. This influenced fields like literature, art and phuliosphy. This sparked debates and advancements in mental health treatment. This led to medicine eventually being created for mental health. Popular Culture **When:** 20th century **Where:** global **What:** A culture that is widley accessible and enjoyed by the masses, influenced by media, entertainment, and consumerism. **Impacts:** Contributed to global cultural exchange and the spread of ideas. This influenced social norms, impacting music, fashion, and behavior This created a shared cultural experience, fostering global connectivity and connecting others. Lithograph **When:** Invented in 1796 **Where:** Germany, spread globally **What:** A printing technique using a stone or metal plate, widleu used for reproducing images and art. **Impacts:** This revolutionized printing, making art and information more accessible. This impacted advertising and political messaging as posters were made. This influenced the artistic movement and contributed to the development of graphic design. Franz Ferdinand **When**: 1914 (Assassination) Vladimir Lenin **When**: Early 20th century Trench Warfare Treaty of Versailles **When**: 1919 Mustafa Kemal **When**: Early 20th century (1881-1938) Balfour Declaration **When**: 1917 League of Nations **When**: 1920-1946 Neville Chamberlain **When**: Prime Minister of the UK, 1937-1940 Benito Mussolini **When**: Early to mid-20th century (1883-1945) Great Depression **When**: 1929-1939 Fascism **When**: Early 20th century, primarily 1920s-1940s Adolf Hitler **When**: 20th century (1889-1945) Communism **When**: 19th century origins, widespread in the 20th century Joseph Stalin **When**: Early to mid-20th century (1878-1953)