Christ Centered Reality Therapy PDF

Introduction What Is Real? T HERE was once a Velveteen Rabbit, and in the begin- ning he was really splendid. He was fat and bunchy, as a rabbit should be; his coat was spotted brown and white, he had real thread whiskers, and his ears were lined wit...

Introduction What Is Real? T HERE was once a Velveteen Rabbit, and in the begin- ning he was really splendid. He was fat and bunchy, as a rabbit should be; his coat was spotted brown and white, he had real thread whiskers, and his ears were lined with pink sateen. On Christmas morning, when he sat wedged in the top of the boy's stocking, with a sprig of holly between his paws, the effect was charming. There were other things in the stocking, nuts and oranges and a toy engine, and chocolate almonds and a clockwork mouse, but the Rabbit was quite the best of all. For at least two hours the boy loved him. Aunts and uncles came to dinner, and there was a great rustling of tissue paper and unwrapping of parcels. In the excitement of looking at all the new presents, the Velveteen Rabbit was forgotten. He did not know that real rabbits existed; he thought they were all stuffed with sawdust like him, and he understood that sawdust was quite out-of-date and should never be mentioned in modern circles. Even Timothy, the jointed wooden lion, who was made by the disabled soldiers, and should have had broader views, put on airs and pretended he was connected with Government. Between them all the poor little Rabbit was made to feel himself very insignifi- xi  Christ Centered Reality Therapy cant and commonplace, and the only person who was kind to him at all was the Skin Horse The Skin Horse had lived longer in the nursery than any of the other toys. He was so old that his brown coat was bald in patches and showed the seams underneath, and most of the hairs in his tail had been pulled out to string bead necklaces. He was wise, for he had seen a long succession of mechanical toys arrive to boast and swagger, and by-and- by break their mainsprings and pass away, and he knew that they were only toys, and would never turn into anything else. For nursery magic is very strange and wonderful, and only those playthings that are old and wise and experienced like the Skin Horse understand all about it. "What is REAL?" asked the Rabbit one day, when they were lying side by side near the nursery fender, before Nana came to tidy the room. "Does it mean having things that buzz inside you and a stick-out handle?" "Real isn't how you are made," said the Skin Horse. "It's a thing that happens to you. When a child loves you for a long, long time, not just to play with, but REALLY loves you, then you become Real" "Does it hurt?" asked the Rabbit. "Sometimes, said the Skin Horse, for he was always truthful. "When you are real you don't mind being hurt." "Does it happen all at once, like being wound up," he asked, "or bit by bit?" "It doesn't happen all at once," said the Skin Horse. "For you to become real it takes a long time. That's why it doesn't happen often to people who break easily, or have sharp edges, or who have * to be carefully kept. Generally, by the time you are real, most of your hair has been loved off, and your eyes drop out and you get loose in the joints and very shabby. But these things don't matter at all, because once you are Real you can't be ugly, except to people who don't understand." "I suppose you are real?" said the Rabbit. And then he wished he had not said it, for he thought the Skin Horse might be sensi- tive. But the Skin Horse only smiled. "The Boy's uncle made xi i  Christ Centered Reality Therapy me Real," he said. "That was a great many years ago; but once you are Real you can't become Unreal again. It lasts for always." The Rabbit sighed. He thought it would be a long time before this magic called Real happened to him. He longed to become Real, to know what it felt like; and yet the idea of growing shabby and losing his eyes and whiskers was rather sad. He wished that he could become it without these uncomfortable things happening to him. (The Velveteen Rabbit OR the original title HOW TOYS BECOME REAL by Margery Williams). Marjorie Williams asked the ques- tion in this delightful children's short story," What is real In 1993, in my Abnormal Psychology class at the Graduate School of Theology while working on my Masters degree in counseling, my dear friend Professor Dr. Floyd Coleman (who has gone on to be with the Lord) asked a question to all the students attending his class, "What modality of counseling theory do you plan to specialize?" "The Rabbit sighed. He thought it would be a long time before this magic called Real happened to him." Just like the rabbit, the classroom sighed. Everyone took a turn sharing. While going around the conference table, in projecting their outlook for the future in their own personal counseling prac- tice and ministry. Unanimously the cry was eclectic, that is taking the perceived best of all presented theories utilizing and integrating the techniques to best serve the counseling client in a personal practice. It was at that point after the students had finished their proclamation of "eclectic" that Dr. Coleman made a profound statement that would ever alter my life as a future coun- selor and in personal ministry. Dr. Coleman said, "You are each receiving a master's degree that will indicate you have mastered the material set before you in your course of study. It is my personal belief that it is impossible for you to master all the counseling theories and techniques presented in these textbooks. Thus you will need to pick one and become an  Christ Centered Reality Therapy expert and master of the theory."Mith that illuminating state- ment, I began a systematic search for a counseling system which would mesh with my personality, counseling philos- ophy, and Christian beliefs. Sadly to my disbelief, almost universally most counseling and practicing theories were humanistic and were not compatible with Christian coun- seling views at least from my point of view. Like the rabbit, "He longed to become Real, to know what it felt like., and yet the idea of growing shabby and losing his eyes and whiskers was rather sad. He wished that he could become Real without these uncomfortable things happening to him." I longed to become a real counseling practitioner but the idea of setting aside my Christian morals and prin- ciples for humanistic psychological truth would make coun- seling rather shabby and painful. Not to throw the baby out with the bathwater, there were numerous techniques found within the primary psychological structures of counseling which could be utilized. It was at this point that I developed one of my first rules of counseling integration. Techniques should never be confused with theory; I found many of my contemporaries, both practitioners and students, confusing the process of counseling with the underlying principles of the psychological theoretical discipline. Most, if not all, counseling theories practice some form of talk and feedback, Communication with the counseling client does not mean a wholesale endorsement of all the theories to practice talking feedback. Before there was psychology in counseling communication talking and feedback predated any counseling theory. I can utilize any number of tech- niques from behavioral modifications to Freudian relaxation techniques to communicate with the counseling client and not endorse Freud's sexual stage theory. This seems to be a fairly simple idea. Over the years, I have heard a mixed bag of mumbo jumbo from many armchair psychologists who merged theories and call the theories techniques and call the xi v  Christ Centered Reality Therapy techniques theories. A theory is a practical hypothesis that serves as a guideline for counseling and psychology and has a definable goal. A technique is a tool that is both quantifi- able and qualified. The technique can be measured in terms of success and failure based upon the results of the coun- seling client's response. The theories contain both long and short-term goals. A technique is a process by which you obtain the goal. Arriving at this conclusion, I continued my quest as well as my educa- tion for which counseling theory would best integrate into Christian ministry and pastoral care. "Real isn't how you are made," said the Skin Horse. "It's a thing that happens to you. When a child loves you for a long, long time, not just to play with, but REALLY loves you, then you become Real." Within the same semester, among my seminary course selection was, Educational Psychology and Human Growth and Development. Needless to say, it was a very difficult semester. I was working full time in the construction field, and part-time as youth minister if there is such a thing as part time ministry. One of the course assignments was to read a book on an educational program and technique that was written by counseling practitioner. This is where I bumped headlong into William Glasser and Reality Therapy was skimming along the book in order to prepare a paper on educational psychology when I stopped on pages 70 through 80 of William Glasser's 1965 book Reality Therapy. I reread the section several times then I went back and started from the beginning and read to that point again and realized this was the most Christ centered approach to therapy I had never studied. My undergraduate degree was in counseling with additional specialized training in drug and alcohol counseling. Most prominent counseling techniques and theories had been introduced into my learning process but Reality Therapy was unique. A section titled institutional philosophy, "Glasser writes the philosophy which underlines all treatment at the RV  Christ Centered Reality Therapy Ventura school he states "that mental illness does not exist." "We accept no excuses for irresponsible acts. Students are held responsible for their behavior and cannot escape respon- sibility on the plea of being emotionally upset, mistreated by mother, neglected my father, or discriminated against by society. Most girls learn that the Ventura school is different from any place they have been before. The difference is our caring enough to keep them until they are responsible enough to leave. When they tell us how unfortunate they have been, we accept this uncritically; but from the beginning, in a warm and firm manner, we tell them that while they are here they are responsible for what they gave, regardless of how miser- able, inconsistent, or un-loving the past may have been. Jesus Christ is most interested in our present needs. When a person accepts Jesus Christ as his or her personal Lord and Savior it is sin's of their past which are forgiven. Jesus Christ then reaffirms to the newly reborn person the change life will be and should be lived differently in the present than the past. In fact the evidence of change resides exclusively in the difference of lives which live in the present and how that differs from the past. The expectation of God is that Jesus paid full payment of sinner's pardon each person would change and be a new creation, born again without exception. Glasser's Reality Therapy was never intended to abolish the fact that mental illness existed but by treating mentally ill people with normal expectations and expecting normal behavior the person would no longer be enabled and victimized in their present by their past mental illness. Glasser at no time writes the he, denied the idea that there was a biological underlying premise for psycholog- ical conditions or the reality of the need for psychological insight. His premise was simply to expect normality even in the presence of abnormality. Christ in each and every encounter in his earthly ministry had a behavioral expectation of the people to whom he x vi  Christ Centered Reality Therapy spoke, ministered to, healed and had conflict. Jesus expec- tation was that it was normal to love God and obey God. If a person follows the absolute will of God through the abso- lute Son of God then a person is spiritual normality. Jesus said that it was a process to be saved from our sins he also declares that is necessary to be saved from our sins. Jesus then provided a formula by which human beings on earth plane of existence could be restored to the original fellowship with the Father through the Son. Dr. Glasser not intending to be theologically in line with Jesus Christ expectations of change is nonetheless. On page 75 of Glasser's original book Reality Therapy I studied the story of Jeri, with keen interest and would determine this to be the second signifi- cant point of Christian declaration and potential usability of Reality Therapy in organized Christian system counseling. I have no idea what Dr. Glasser's personal beliefs are or care. It is evidence by his writing and life pursuit to care for the mentally ill that his intention for Reality Therapy to help and to heal those who were mentally ill a chronically and pervasively self-destructive. The case study of Jeri was such a person. "Jeri was referred to me Dr. Glasser) because the record stated she was potentially suicidal. She was in the discipline cottage, not because she had broken rules, but because she had said she would not go into the school program. If we did not put her in a room and leave her alone, she said she would try to kill herself. In the disci- pline unit, she cried a great deal, alternating the crying with periods of hysterical laughter. She was intent on creating the impression that she belongs in a mental hospital instead of the correctional institution." "Page 76. I refused to discuss her threat of suicide, and when she brought it up I told her what I usually tell the girls who threaten to take their lives, we can't help you if you kill yourself. We have no program for girls who threaten suicide, and there is absolutely no chance of you being transferred to a mental hospital." When xvii  Christ Centered Reality Therapy I left, we were on good terms she promised nothing and I do not push her for her decision about leaving the discipline cottage. I told her, however, that this was the last time I would see her there although I would be happy to see her in my office if she changed her mind.... I wrote a note telling the staff to pay no attention to her desire to be recognized as mentally ill, not to worry that she would commit suicide, and to leave her alone to think over what I'd said. Three days later when I came back to the school there was a note from Jeri saying that she had "decided to give up acting crazy.".. Page 78 the saga of Jeri continues, the following week when 1 went to the discipline unit Jerry was anxious to see me as soon as she came into the office it was apparent that our involvement had been strengthened. My standing firm and rejecting her irresponsible behavior without rejecting her as evidenced by my continued interest in seeing her after all that she had said about me, had broken through." This is a key concept of Reality Therapy rejecting a person's irresponsible behavior, without rejecting the person. This simple concept grounded in actions on the therapist part strengthens and builds a relationship even though conflict arose from the challenge of the irresponsible behavior. As much as I personally resist the clichés and redundant meta- phors this one yields a simple theological principle. "God loves the sinner and hate the sin. Furthermore Christ died for the human race while we were yet sinners he loved us so much that he bore the weight of our sin without condemnation of our souls. I felt so far so good this Reality Therapy theory and its simplistic technique was uniquely aligning with the theological truth of the Gospel. I was determined not to try to squeeze got into some psychological discipline making God fit between the lines. Glasser writes in original thesis Reality Therapy on page 79" Jeri, was greatly changed, she was concerned about how long she would stay in the disci- pline cottage. Then she poured out her story of her deceitful xviii  Christ Centered Reality Therapy life, her lies and misbehavior at the school, and how worried she was about her future." The next statement by Glasser I feel is critical to the understanding of a fully integrated Christian modality into reality therapy." Instead of forgiving her, which used to be my natural impulse before I discovered how wrong it is ther- apeutically, knowing that she had thinking to do and feel- ings of guilt to overcome, she realized that the discipline cottage was the best place for he and in Reality Therapy it is important not to minimize guilt when it is deserved, and Jerry deserve to feel as bad a she did. Although she felt better the next day, she still did not think she was ready to leave the discipline unit. "In summary, we could see that Jerry tested me to find out whether I really cared, there was enough involvement for me to pass the test in her eyes by placing her in discipline. (Reality Therapy, 1965) "If I had not done so she would have never changed; if we had not been moder- ately involved it would not have worked. When I rejected her irresponsibility but maintain interest in her, our involvement solidified, and she then began to fulfill her needs." (Reality Therapy, 1965) The balance of the case study about Jeri's therapy was relearning, mainly detailed planning for future Jesus Christ, first and foremost would deal with a person (sinner) in their immediate present condition. On many occasions physical healing had to occur or a need meeting miracle such as food, health or even humor prior to the person (sinner) fully accepting the reality of who Jesus Christ is, was and always will be. Theologically Jesus Christ would always point out the guilt associated with the individual's sin and that His forgive- ness is not optional to remove sin from their life. In this very real way Jesus did not appease or persons guilt but cured the specific cause for the individual guilt. On a very human level we desire the removal of guilt but the maintenance of sin. That's why the drunk passes out money to his children and xix  Christ Centered Reality Therapy family members the next day after a big night out when he sobers up to pacify his guilt and minimize the consequences for his sin but with the absolute full understanding he will repeat the process again the drunk thereby maintenance his sin and servicing his guilt. Jesus Christ requires not only we be fully accepting of his forgiveness, fully accepting of personal self forgiveness but a full reversal of sinful actions and stop maintaining sin. The absolute Christian spiritual conviction of an individual becomes the fulcrum by which a sinful person is lifted out of his or her behavior. A deep rich personal desire for sinless new life in Jesus Christ in fully restored normal reality. Dr. Glasser I believe unknowingly was practicing the technique forged in the Gospel of Jesus Christ, through the power of the Holy Spirit and originated by the Father. In fact the primary ministry to sinners is the conviction of their sin by the Holy Spirit. No unsaved person has any authority, power or filling of the Holy Spirit until they are born again and fully accepting of their need to be forgiven and repented. It is at that point the conviction of the Holy Spirit turns to power of the filling of the Holy Spirit in the newly born again believer. Reality Therapy does not address the spiritual nature of man; but when fully integrated, it can be reformu- lated into Christ Centered Reality Therapy. Christ Centered Reality Therapy identifies the key concepts of Reality Therapy as defined by William Glasser and his contempo- raries. This includes, but is not limited to, the understanding of the history, formulation, founder, application, future applications, and holistically integration of Christ Centered Reality Therapy. Reality Therapy is subjective and relative thus void of any absolutes especially in moral application. Christ Centered Reality Therapy first establishes a need for absolutes. Christ Centered Reality Therapy installs absolutes utilizing the application of Gospel of Jesus Christ. Secondly,  Christ Centered Reality Therapy Reality Therapy becomes authentically holistic through the application of Christ Centered Reality Therapy. Christian empirical evidence will validate the theological and practical application of Christ Centered Reality Therapy. Counselors utilizing Christian counseling theory accompa- nied with counseling techniques One of the essential unique features of Reality Therapy is the founder, Dr. William Glasser; He is the primary source of information. This fact poses both an opportunity and a dilemma. The opportunity is to study directly from Dr. Glasser's on-going work. With this understanding, Dr. Glasser is formulating his psychological work in a modern 20th century setting. Reality Therapy's contemporary view removes speculation from modem quagmires. Therapists can decisively conclude what Dr. Glasser thinks about the influences of T.V. on modem society and culture. In contrast, therapists can only speculate as to what Freud would have concluded about TV's influence on modern society. A crit- ical opportunity presents itself for Christ Centered Reality Therapy to be fully integrated and applied to Reality Therapy. My study of Reality Therapy, which began in 1993, indicates few efforts have been made to utilize Reality Therapy in any Christian settings. Individual counselors and educational institutions are the primary users of Reality Therapy in part due to the inter- ests of its founder, Dr. William Glasser. This also creates a dilemma. Dr. Glasser's work hinges on relatively limited application and empirical research as compared to other counseling and psychological modalities. One clear reason is Reality Therapy is relative newness to the world of psycho- logical disciplines. Currently, some statistical information collected by the American Psychological Association in 2004 states that by the 21st century there are 750 (give or take 200 or 300) relatively quantified psychological theories which all xxi  Christ Centered Reality Therapy seem to be homogeneous. Christ Centered Reality Therapy will make the number 751. Reality Therapy is not homo- geneous. Christ Centered Reality Therapy will demonstrate that Reality Therapy may be new to modern psychology and its disciplines, but Reality Therapy is the original form of counseling found in the Bible. The limitations of Reality Therapy, in and of itself, provide an opportunity to formu- late and integrate Christ Centered Reality Therapy without contradicting the original intent of its developer. It is not indented to rewrite Dr. Glasser theoretical body of work. It is intended to complete the work or metaphorically putting a period at the end of the sentence. The term reformulating, as applied to Reality Therapy in this body work means inte- gration and completion. One of the most exciting features of the renormalization of Reality Therapy into Christ Centered Reality Therapy will demonstrate how this new application completes Reality Therapy. The integration will clarify the vague subjective aspects of Reality Therapy. The integration will amplify the effectiveness of Reality Therapy. Christ Centered Reality Therapy provides a systematic format of absolutes founded on the fundamental principles of the life and ministry of Jesus Christ. The sharpest criticism by Dr. Glasser's contemporaries about Reality Therapy is its lack of construct and concrete systematic structure. The reform realization utilizing the absolutes of the Christian faith will demonstrate effective- ness of the integration between Reality Therapy and Christ Centered Reality Therapy. The formulation and groundwork of Reality Therapy began in 1961 with the publication of Dr. William Glasser's book, Mental Health or Mental Illness. In this definitive work, Dr. Glasser presents the collective set of ideas in print which gave rise to the awareness to the general public and fellow practitioners in the health field of what is known today as Reality Therapy. In 1965 Dr. Glasser, published the  Christ Centered Reality Therapy book which is a primary source of material for this research Reality Therapy: A New Approach to Psychiatry. This was the real authentic introduction to Reality Therapy. In this book, he stated the foundational and fundamental positions of Reality Therapy. The book became a bestseller and Dr. Glasser was proclaimed the Father of Reality Therapy by the existing mental health community in 1965. Marvin G. Gilbert writes in his work, The Holy Spirit In Counseling, "Although some would argue that many of the principles of Reality Therapy are generously borrowed from pre-existing therapeutic systems (R ozsnafszky, 1974). Interestingly, Dr. Glasser did recognize the contributions of other theorist and therapist. He stated," I am sure it (Reality Therapy) has roots in other therapies; it has ties to Adlerian Therapy because Adler broke with Freud along similar lines and to Albert Ellis Rational - Emotive Therapy." (Evans, 1982) In Corey's fifth edition of theory and practice of counseling and psycho- therapy, he explains the relationship of Control Therapy and Reality Therapy. "In many ways Control Theory /Reality Therapy (CT/RT) parallels Existential Therapy, Person Centered Therapy, and Gestalt Therapy. Like the three theo- ries, Reality Therapy is the concentration of other theories. Glasser (1985) maintains that we perceive the world of the client and stresses the subjective way in which clients perceive and react to their world from an internal locus of evaluation. Glasser maintains that we precede the world and contacts of five basic genetic needs. Clients live both in the external world and the real world. Their own internal world is the perceived world." (Corey, 1996) This is the place reality is found in humanity not externally but internally. Behavior is always an individuals attempt to control perception of the external world. The indi- vidual gains control by perceived reality. Multiplicities of scholars have evaluated Dr. Glasser's theory. Without exception, the scholars have listed several  Christ Centered Reality Therapy schools of psychology from which Reality Theory is said to have had influence and foundational construct. This is an insignificant fact because Reality Therapy is almost chame- leon in nature. Reality Therapy like the chameleon never changes shape in its construct, but it is colored by its thera- peutic environment and application to life events. A major push in the 21st century in the world of coun- seling psychology is to pitch a school of therapy then pronounce the practice eclectic. (That is, to borrow the best from each theory.) This is like going to a Chinese food restaurant and ordering a hotdog or going to a hotdog stand and ordering sushi. One of the most compelling elements of Reality Therapy is that it is not eclectic, but it is fundamen- tally holistic in structure. Reality Therapy is a holistic structure which has at its core several foundational truths that are basic building blocks for the formulation and the practical logical integration of Christ Centered Reality Therapy. First and foremost, Reality Therapy stresses that people have the freedom to make choices and the choices will change their behavior. Each and every person shapes his future or" individual reality." It is from this idea that Dr. Glasser utilizes the parallel principle of Control Theory. In 1981, Dr. Glasser published a book, Stations of The Mind. Control Theory, The premise of the book was to reaffirm that all behavior is internally motivated. In 1985, Gilbert explained that the concept of Control Theory understands of human motivation. "Motivation arises out of perceptual errors when what we think we want (internal world) is compared with light we precede to be reality in the extra world." (Gilbert, 1985) Christ Centered Real ity Therapy agrees with Dr. Glasser's critics. Control Theory is not a new theory but rather an explanation or extension of the practical counseling applica- tion of Reality Therapy. Just like an archaeological excava- xxiv  Christ Centered Reality Therapy tion site there are new discoveries, at each new level. The longer you dig the more stuff you find. It should be expressively understood that Reality Therapy is critically devoid of spiritual content. While the underlying principles of Reality Therapy are not anti-Christian, they specifically neglect the holistic spiritual human. Dr. Glasser is a medical doctor and has never diverted from his view that mental illness originates from a biological modality and a genetic structure. Dr. William Glasser's education at Case Western Reserve University is w here he received his BS (1945) and MA (1948) in Clinical Psychology, and his M.D. (1953) in Psychiatry. So make no bones about it, Dr. Glasser is a classically trained medical doctor who is a behavior scientist who stumbled onto the original form of counseling and renamed it Reality Therapy. Dr. Glasser writes "All my behavior is initiated by the error signal caused by the detection of an error in an open comparing situation (in the brain). When there is perceptual error there is always an error signal, and I must do something. This is a neurological fact of life."(Glasser, 1985) Contained within the next statement is as close as Dr. Glasser gets to the spiritual part of man. Glasser proposes that we have "10 orders or levels or perceptions, arrange to radically from crude, simple direction of sensation to very complex and mystical experiencing. Each hire perceptual order represents a more complex way of organizing and deriving meaning from external stimuli." (Glasser, 1985) "All our internal motivated behavior is gearing towards getting things we want that satisfy one or more of our basic human needs." (Glasser, 1985) In a1989 workshop Glasser identifies five basic needs. The first four are psychological needs and survival belongs to basic needs, "Identify psychological needs for beings: belonging (love), power, freedom and fun and the need for survival." (Corey, 1994) xxv  Christ Centered Reality Therapy One of Glasser's classic explanations and illustrations from his workshops regarding "total behavior" is found in the comparison of human beings to the automobile. This is also an example of how Reality Therapy is applied to the 21st century and modern society. It is also my expressed belief one of the reasons why Glasser had to continually expand explanations and understanding of Reality Therapy is that Reality Therapy has a lack of absolutes. Reality Therapy ultimately becomes one long run on and metaphor taking on a kind of Aesop's fable philosophical genre. In Glasser'sTotal Behavior," he compares how humans function to how a car functions. Just as the four wheels guide a car, so do the four components of individual total behavior influence their direction in life. These components of total behavior influence individual direction in life. The compo- nents of total behavior are doing (or active behaviors such as getting up and going to work); thinking (such as generating thoughts and self statements); feelings (such as anger, joy, pain, depression, anxiety); and physiology (such as sweating or developing psychosomatic symptoms). These behavioral components are always banned together to make a whole or total behavior. They can be distinguished from one another, and one of them is usually more prominent than others when explaining the concept of the total person (Glasser, 1989). Dr. Glasser spent the balance of his life explaining and expounding upon the original concept of Reality Therapy which is fundamentally sound. Utilizing the original and fundamental theory of Reality Therapy and simply applying Christ centered absolutes, which are found in the Gospels of.lesus Christ, are relatively easy to accomplish. The intent of Christ Centered Reality Therapy is to integrate counseling techniques with a theoret- ical body of work which agrees with the foundational theory of Reality Therapy and the absolutes of the Gospel. xxvi  Christ Centered Reality Therapy To accomplish this integration, it is necessary to under- stand God's rule of creation. Rememberthis is God 's rule, not my rule. God created humans mind, body, and spirit. This is an absolute. Humans are a three-dimensional by design and nature. God formulated human beings to move in concert with God and the universe. One part of the human would complete the other two parts. Please, take the following test using practical and common sense. The test will demonstrate and illustrate absolute need to heal the mind, body and spirit. On a scale of one to 100 hundred, rate oneself. If one score zero, one is dead and if the individual score is100 you are perfect like God. Then total all three scores overall composite score. The potential perfect score is 300. First rate one's mind. This would include both posi- tives and negatives which include things like mental illness, depression, education, ability to communicate, overall satis- faction with your memory, thought process, etc. Secondly, rate your body, overall health, age, exercise, eating right, and disease, etc. Remember 100 is perfect and zero is dead. One has to be somewhere in between due to the fact you are reading this paper. Now rate one self spiritually taking into account concepts like prayer, church attendance, Bible study, personal relationship with God, spiritual joy, ministry opportunities, etc. Total the composite score for just the mind and the body. Each would represent 33.3% percent of the total score. If one made a perfect 100 on both the mind and the body, then the total score would be 200. Adding up those two scores alone the total score would be 66 2/3 percent of an individual overall grade. Which in any teacher's grade book, even with a grade curve 67% percent, is an F.? It is absolutely impos- sible to get a total picture of the human condition without treating the mind, body, and spirit. It requires all three abso- lute components of human creation. Christ Centered Reality Therapy is the complete holistic approach that is essentially  Christ Centered Reality Therapy the real last chapter to utilizing Reality Therapy. The human mind can maximize its ability and then ultimately the mind grows old and feeble. The body maximizes its ability quickly then begins to age. Neither the mind nor the body can ever supplant the Spirit. Man is created spiritually eternal. The spirit or Holy Spirit from a Christian perspective, exclu- sively, continually grows. The Holy Spirit is eternal and not affected by age or physical condition. The Spirit does not grow old or tired. The Holy Spirit can never be minimized. The Holy Spirit can overcome not only spiritually centered problems but can heal problems of the mind and body. The limitless absolute of the Holy Spirit working in conjunction with our human condition allows Christ Centered Reality Therapy to treat the holistic needs of man. In order to continually expand the explanation and ideology of Real ity Therapy and Control Therapy, Dr. Glasser published his most controversial work in the mere mention of the title sparked controversy in the world of mental health. Dr. Glasser apparently was a man of deep conviction but simul- taneously he also discovered that controversy sells books. The idea of a million mental health workers buying a copy of one's book had to be somewhat appealing. In the book, Dr. Glasser begins basically as an apologetic for his theory." if you accept the usual definition of addiction, then this book is probably must read for you. Because you, and until recently to me understood addiction as; addict is someone whose life is destroyed by heroine, alcohol etc." "I do not deny the truth in these common examples of addiction; but I do claim that addiction is not all bad. On the contrary, I believe there are a number of addictions that are as good as the above named addictions are harmful. I call them positive addic- tions because they strengthen us and make our lives more satisfying. They exist in sharp contrast to the common are negative addictions like alcohol or heroine, which always  Christ Centered Reality Therapy weaken, soften and destroy us. While the concept is new, the practice l call positive addictions are note" (Glasser, 1976) One of Dr. Glasser strengths in writing comes from a very readable, down to earth, practical style that is reader friendly. He writes in a common man's language and avoids unnecessary psychological terms. Dr. Glasser avoids complex psychological Jargon that is filled with psycho- babble doublespeak. His communication style and his tone made even his most controversial book readable. Listen to the conversation between the Velveteen Rabbit and the Skin Horse. "Does it hurt?" asked the Rabbit." "Sometimes," said the Skin Horse, for he was always truthful. "When you are real you don't mind being hurt." "Does it happen all at once, like being wound up," he asked, "or bit by bit?" "It doesn't happen all at once," said the Skin Horse. "For you to become real, it takes a long time. That's why it doesn't happen often to toys, who break easily, or have sharp edges, or who have to be carefully kept. Generally, by the time you are real, most of your hair has been loved off, and your eyes drop out and you get loose in the joints and very shabby. But these things don't matter at all; because once you are real you can't be ugly, except to people who don't understand." (Williams 1982) Like the Velveteen Rabbit, my personal epiphany came with the understanding of the potential for Reality Therapy to be integrated into a fully functioning Christian counseling modality. On page 80 of Dr. Glasser's 1965 book, Reality Therapy% is the case study of Maria. "Maria a 17-year-old girl was a far different problem from Jeri. Maria had been in institutions from the time she was 12. Before then in foster homes no family, few friends, and all the tests said she was not too intelligent rather low and slow. I was asked to see her in the discipline cottage because she had been in several fights. She had been sitting in her Room, eating little, and making no effort to contact any of the cottage staff, There  Christ Centered Reality Therapy seemed to be little we could do for her because she had given up on herself when I sat with her in the day room of the discipline unit, she refused to speak, just sitting apatheti- cally and staring at the floor. I asked her my routine getting acquainted questions. Maria just sat and stared, finally she asked me to leave her alone she had seen plenty of psychia- trists before but she never talked to them. Each week for the next seven consecutive weeks the scene was repeated except for different questions. If Maria replied at all, it was with one or two syllable words like "so what", "who cares", "big deal" etc.... Upon the eighth visit I saw a glimmer of hope, I said "Hi" and she answered" Hi" on a whim I decided to engage her in conversation about her 10 or 20 self-inflicted tattoos. To shorten a rather lengthy story over time Maria began to communicate, rejoin the House group and began to improve in school." (Glasser, 1965) Dr. Glasser states in the case study with Maria that Reality Therapy illustrates a critical concept. "Maria illustrates that the key to involvement is neither to give up nor to push too hard. No matter how lonely and isolated a girl may be, if the therapist adheres to the present and points to a hopeful future and, in cases like Maria, expands her initial involve- ment into a series of involvements as soon as possible, great changes can take place. Here the need for group therapy was critical for their she could gain strength from relating to more responsible girls and could see how she might in the late there are more responsible behavior. Through our persistence Maria, perhaps for the first time in her life was able to fulfill her needs."(Glasser, 1965) It was at the end of this case study and the concluding paragraphs about persis- tency and never giving up is when I determined that Reality Therapy was my personal choice for Christian integration of practical counseling application. The idea of the "no quit scenario" fits squarely into the Christian message. xxx  Christ Centered Reality Therapy The first Gospel verse that is the most quoted Gospel verse that illustrates this key concept of never giving and not quitting was shared by Jesus Christ from the Gospel of John. John 3:16 "For God so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in Him should not perish but have everlasting life." (King James 1611). My presupposition that whatever counselor, therapist, pastor or layperson would choose Christ Centered Reality Therapy as an operating therapeutic application must accept to be successful in counseling. The counselor must adopt the never give up scenario. Christ Centered Reality Therapy is not a defense of the Gospel in this paper and is not a psychological Christian apologetic. Christ Centered Reality Therapy's cornerstone is God's redemptive power which is relentless and God's absolutes are immovable and concrete. God's absolutes are not subjective or even left to interpretation. The singular source for God's absolutes of the 66 books contained within the Bible. From the time of Adam's fall in the garden to present day, God has tirelessly extended His mercy, grace, and boundless patience to the human race. God's provision is in order that man can be reconciled to a permanent rela- tionship with God. The Father sent His own Son Jesus Christ in the greatest act of mercy the world has ever experienced. Through Jesus' death and resurrection, human beings have the ultimate extension of grace and the greatest demonstra- tion of God's patience and absolutes. God is faithful when man is not faithful. God is faithful to all of His covenants. God knew man's inability to keep the covenants which are legal contracts with God. Nevertheless, God is relentless in His quest to reconcile all men to His love. These absolute truths of God are written in the Bible for man's application, correction, clarity, understanding, and ultimate reality Dr. Glasser demonstrated in the case study of Maria that a tireless effort to love the most unlovable, and patiently wait  Christ Centered Reality Therapy until Maria was ready to respond. Available and persistent consistency is the underpinning of the message of the Gospel of Jesus Christ. Reality Therapy is effective to some extent as are other psychological therapies without any integration of Christian counseling. It is evident that all psychological disciplines have some elements of Christianity contained within the discipline. This does not make the psychological disciplines necessarily suitable fora full integration of Christ centered theoretical practice in counseling. Most, if not all psychological theories have direct contradictions with a Christ centered set of absolutes The message of God reliance's on Jesus Christ instead of self-reliance disenfranchises the self-help, self-sustaining armchair psychologist. "I call this self-help psychology bootstrap theology, this is where you pull yourself up by your bootstraps and take control of your life."(Barnette, 1992) Secular psychology teaches that the self help god only helps those who help themselves. Self-help or self godliness is the Rosetta Stone, of secular humanism which declares that human beings are self-reliant exclusive of God. Reality Therapy fully aligns with Christian absolutes without rendering any redefinition of Dr. Glasser's original intent. Christ Centered Reality Therapy will complete and elevate Reality Therapy to its highest potential effectiveness.  Christ Centered Reality Therapy Christ Centered Reality Therapy by Dr. Tom Barnette Book Study Questions for deliberation review and coun- seling practice discussion Introduction What Is Real? 1. What does reality mean to you? 2. What does normal mean to you? 3. Is society today real or not? 4. How does society influence reality? 5. Does the following statement conflict with counseling? `Theologically Jesus Christ would always point out the guilt associated with the individual's sin and that His forgiveness is not optional to remove sin from one's life. In this very real way Jesus did not appease a person's guilt but cured the specific cause for the individual's guilt." 6. How could utilizing the constructs of Christian faith help reshape a counseling theory? Read the following state- ment. "The sharpest criticism by Dr. Glasser's contem- poraries about Reality Therapy is its lack of construct and concrete systematic structure. The reform realization utilizing the absolutes of the Christian faith will demon- strate effectiveness of the integration between Reality Therapy and Christ Centered Reality Therapy.  Chapter 1 In The Beginning Reality Therapy ,ec-4.IP D r. Glasser's Reality Therapy states "that people strive to gain control of their lives in order to fulfill their needs. Reality Therapy focuses on solving problems and coping with the demands of reality in society. That is, prac- titioners concentrate on what a client can do particularly to change his behaviors used to fulfill his or her needs. Clients are challenged to evaluate the quality of their behaviors, formulate a plan for life change, commit themselves to their life plan, and follow through with their commitment. The client should avoid making excuses and blaming others for unmet needs. By evaluating what the client is doing to get what the client wants, the client is able to achieve increasing control over the client's life." (Corey, 1994) Reviews teach that Dr. Glasser broke with the Freudian medical model; I propose that Glasser did not break with the psychoanalytic discipline but attempted to answer the disci- pline. It was Dr. Glasser's intent to move Reality Therapy from obscure psychology; and move the mythology of psychology from the medical biological centered model to a client centered reality choice based methodology. By formulating 35  Christ Centered Reality Therapy Reality Therapy, Dr. Glasser redefines the classical psycho- logical position for all time. One area that Dr. Glasser clearly reacted against in an apologetic writing style was Freud's idea of personality structure id., ego, and super ego. In contrast, Reality Therapy's idea of people and their belief systems are reflected in individual personalities. Dr. Glasser also rejects the idea that humans are controlled by unconscious motivations. In his writings, Dr. Glasser does not allude to, or speak to, the direct unconscious. His thera- peutic interventions are overtly conscious and rational. There is no second-guessing the interpretation in Reality Therapy. Dr. Glasser would agree with Freud that sometimes a cigar is just a cigar. Dr. Glasser states that he believes that what a counseling client states about themselves and their problems is their reality. He is in direct conflict with a psychodynamic foundation and approach to counseling. One particular area that Dr. Glasser has total rejection is Freudian imposition as it relates to the unconscious mind of an individual. He rejects the unconscious as a major influence upon present behavior; although he acknowledges the past. Glasser uses the term history and influence to explain the past life events. The history, or the past, plays a minimal non-consequential role in Reality Therapy. "I think behavior is made up of three things: How you feel? What you think? And what you are doing? I think there is always a combination of those. In Reality Therapy, we emphasize the physical behavior. We talk about what you are thinking and what you are feeling, but emphasis is always on what can be changed, Evans 1982, 461." (Gilbert, 1976) This is another area of Glasser's Reality Therapy which bears up under the scrutiny of the gospel and reaffirms the positive integration of human relationships and individuality. The Letter of James, written by Pastor James, reaffirms the theological position of individual choice in deed and action. It also sets aside any doubt that actions are coupled with 36  Christ Centered Reality Therapy spirituality and the mental process. Dr. Glasser, once again, unintentionally reaffirms the position of Reality Therapy by rejecting secular humanism and embracing the absolute truth of the living word of God. James 1:21-27 "21 therefore lay aside all filthiness and overflow of wickedness, and receive with meekness the implanted word, which is able to save your souls. 22 But be doers of the Word and not hearers only, deceiving your selves. 23 For if anyone is a hearer of the word and not a doer, he is like a man observing his natural face in a mirror; 24 for he observes himself, goes away, and immediately forgets what kind of man he was. 25 But he who looks into the perfect law of liberty and continues in it, and is not a forgetful hearer but a doer of the work, this one will be blessed in what he does. 26 If anyone among you thinks he is religious, and does not bridle his tongue but deceives his own heart, this one's reli- gion is useless. 27 Pure and undefiled religion before God and the Father is this: to visit orphans and widows in their trouble, and to keep oneself unspotted from the world." (King James 1611). Dr. Glasser suffers under the same criticism that Jesus Christ suffered. Jesus declared that man's actions were sinful. Secular humanism has criticized Jesus for his over- simplification of the complex human nature of individual problems. Dr. Glasser has been criticized for rejecting Freud's structure of personality as the identity of the person he has offended the secular humanist psychologist world. Dr. Glasser does provide a classification system of persons and personalities, but his classification system has been severely criticized as being simplistic. Dr. Glasser claims that people can be different according to their identity of either failure or success. For Glasser, "your failure identity" is synony- mous with a mental problem and psychopathology; while a "Success Identity" is the essence of mental health. 37  Christ Centered Reality Therapy Dr. Glasser states," a person functions at any time feeling either that he is a success or enjoying the psycholog- ical comforts and success, or that he is a failure desperately trying to avoid the attendant psychological discomforts. Rarely does he feel both strongly; one usually dominates the whole other."(Glasser, 1996) Marvin Gilbert in his book, The Holy Spirit in Counseling, Volume 1.Theology and Theory, presents the following infor- mation about Dr. Glasser's view of mental illness, "Writing about mental illness from a Reality Therapy viewpoint, is somewhat challenging, because Glasser firmly and consis- tently rejects the idea of mental illness. He views that concept as a principal roadblock to effective therapy. According to Glasser, the mental illness model states that behaviors are ca used by some specific, identifiable, medically treatable illness, which is comparable to physical illness; does the atten- tion of the traditional therapist is diverted from the dysfunc- tional behavior to some casual entity in the mind the root of the problem, which must be removed." (Gilbert, 1995) Dr. Glasser has a very realistic approach and under- standing of pain, medication, and how doctors relate to patients in today's society in a number of his books. In his book, The Identity Society, Glasser alludes to his original training as a medical doctor. He also demonstrates his Freudian influence and biological model influence indi- rectly through his identity with the force of evolution as a constant in man's development. "Most medical practices are based upon relieving pain. Today, millions of people go to doctors and attempt to relieve the pain of depression and its closest relatives.... Very few doctors have both the time and desire to get involved with their patient and guide them towards a new responsible involvement and worth- while behavior. Doctors are trained to respond to pain and symptoms with medicine and surgery, and that is what they did." (Glasser, 1971) 38  Christ Centered Reality Therapy Glasser has a unique understanding despite his medical tradition from which he yields his academic success. He also has a distinct understanding of how mental health facili- ties and treatment plans are formulated under the biological evolutionary model. Currently, mental health plans are greatly influenced by insurance companies, legislation, liability, and the quest for money. The medical biological model of psychology is entrenched within the system and plan for the insurance remuneration for all mental health services. This creates a real barrier for any alternate diagnosis. The following is an example of Glasser's distinctive understanding of the world of mental health. His frankness is refreshing. "A drug used to alleviate the pain of failure identifies less and becomes itself an obstacle to gaining the human involvement necessary for successful identity. A mental patient locked in a state hospital with no program for guidance toward responsible involvement will not be helped to give up his symptoms. The drug will make his crazy symp- toms less painful, it may make the ward he lives on quieter, and it may make the work on the staff easier. None of these reasons, by themselves, justifies the use of drugs. However, when this quieter and calmer atmosphere helped the hospital developed a program for patient involvement, and worth- while work, moderate use of drugs does serve a purpose. When the hospital has such a program, as all hospital should, the use of tranquilizers to help a patient calm down and become involved in the program. In a hospital with such a program, the administration of tranquilizer drugs to a patient often encourages the staffs; who identify quiet and passive- ness with less craziness, to try harder to reach patience." (Glasser, 1972) Dr. Glasser stated that, "identifying what we accept as normality in terms of quiet and passive, especially within an institutional setting. If a patient conforms to the hospital boundaries and rules, then the patient is said to be in the 39  Christ Centered Reality Therapy progress of healing and the treatment plan is being effective. Good behavior is associated with calm and sedate manner- isms." (Glasser 1983) One of Dr. Glasser's original and key insights into Reality Therapy is that unless people view Reality Therapy in light of who humans are in the present, in the time in which they exist, and that the choices are based upon humanities personal realities regardless of psychological or sociological demands. Corey express is his view on the limitations of Reality Therapy, "In my estimation one of the main limitations of Reality Therapy is that it does not give adequate emphasis to the role of these aspects of counseling process; the unconscious. the power of the past and the effect of the dramatic experience in early childhood, the therapeutic value of dreams, and the place of transference. It seems to me that Reality Therapy focuses almost exclusively on the conscious and I dealing so will not take into account factors such as repressed conflicts and the power of unconscious in the influence of how we think, feel, behave and choose." (Corey, 1996) Corey, in his summary of criticisms of Reality Therapy. has provided very valuable insight into what Reality Therapy is and is not. Providing criticisms, Corey helps to validate the essential need to integrate Reality Therapy into Christ Centered Reality Therapy. Cory is attempting to demand that Reality Therapy revert back to a biological Freudian mode, the very psychology that Reality Therapy questions and rejects. Trying to understand Reality Therapy in just a medical model of Freudian terms is like trying to explain the gospel of Jesus Christ from the theology of Karl Marx. It can not or should not be done. Reality Therapy received criticisms from many of the world's humanistic counselors. This clearly points to Reality Therapy as being consistent in its key psychological 40  Christ Centered Reality Therapy approach. Reality Therapy has proven to be highly effective without the use of the humanistic medical modalities. Christ Centered Reality Therapy's integration process takes in to account some of the key criticisms of Reality Therapy. One of the main criticisms is that Reality Therapy relies on the counseling client to provide his or her own normal reality. Other psychological modalities and disci- plines provide a complex set of interpretation, analysis, medications, gods, and beliefs for the counseling client. Thus these psychological modalities and disciplines provide a reality for the patient. This new reality inflicted on the counseling client is based on relative humanistic evolu- tionary psychology and the medical model. This affects the counseling client's core belief system about their personal reality and their past, present, and future. Christ Centered Reality Therapy and Reality Therapy primarily deals with current life events and personal choices in the now and now. In Christ Centered Reality Therapy it is the patient who chooses reality and how to function in that reality. Christ Centered Reality Therapy deals with the problems at hand. This does not allow for excuses from the past or some ambiguous subjective interpretation of one's dreams to shape one's present reality. The personal choice that must flow into the present can be summed up in these words, "if you are not being part of the solution then it's your actions and your choices which motivate your actions are being part of the problem." You cannot be both. You have to choose one. Jesus shares the story of a real life event of the man who blamed his past. In this case study of choices and actions, the man is known only as a rich young ruler to history. Jesus presents a very clear idea that person is either part of the solution or part of the problem but a person can not be both. If a person is not part of the solution then he should be willing to change. Change always involves action on 41  Christ Centered Reality Therapy one's part. Dr. Glasser unknowingly reflected Jesus truth over and over again in his formula for personal success in Reality Therapy. Luke 18:18-24, "18 and a certain ruler asked him, saying, Good Master, what 1 should do to inherit eternal life? l9And Jesus said unto him, why call thou me good? None is good, save one, that is, God. 2OThou knows the commandments, Do not commit adultery, Do not kill, Do not steal, Do not bear false witness, Honor thy father and thy mother. 21And he said, all these have I kept from my youth up. 22Now when Jesus heard these things, he said unto him, Yet lack thou one thing: sell all that thou hast, and distribute unto the poor, and thou shall have treasure in heaven: and come, follow me. 23And when he heard this, he was very sorrowful: for he was very rich. 24And when Jesus saw that he was very sorrowful, he said, how hardly shall they that have riches enter into the kingdom of God." (King James, 1611) The following summary of Matthew 19:16-26 will give insight into the full integration of Christ Centered Reality Therapy's through Jesus explanation. Jesus shares the key to making personal choices and taking personal responsibility for those choices. This illustration demonstrates the how and why Dr. Glasser's Reality Therapy can successfully be integrated into Christ Centered Reality Therapy. "Fruit, once picked, will age, rot, mold, and ferment until it is thrown out and ultimately becomes compost. Rotten fruit attracts little flies and corrupts the other fruit it touches. Prepared fruit, which is preserved, will last from season to season. In Christ, we should be prepared soldiers, standing ready. Readiness is next to preparedness. Preparedness is next to vessel-ness. All of humanity is a vessel. Each person will be filled up with something. The question is what kind of vessel is an individual prepared to be? Jesus encountered many vessels (people) in personal life experience on earth. One of the empty vessels 42  Christ Centered Reality Therapy is found in Matthew 19:16-26. A young man came to Jesus asking questions which any person could have asked. The rich young ruler asked "what must I do to have eternal life?" Jesus immediately directs the young mans mind and feeling to Jesus eternal Father for young man's answer. Jesus said, "You must keep the commandments!"The young man asked, "Which ones?" Paraphrasing Jesus list, "I will not intention- ally take a persons life or kill a persons reputation; I will remain sexually pure; I will respect and protect the property of others; I will be a person of total honesty and integrity (I won't lie like a dog!); 1 will love, respect and obey the mom and dad that God has given me; I will be a big buddy to my next-door neighbor and love him like I love me. The rich young ruler let out a squeal of joy that would shame most pigs. With zeal he exclaimed, I have kept the list, I have kept the commandments since I was a kid. Okay what else do I have to do to get this eternal life thing in the bag? Jesus responded to the rich young ruler who was sitting on the edge of his seat with anticipation. Go, sell all that you have, give it to the poor. Then come follow me. The New Testament records this but (this is a big but) when the rich young ruler heard this he hung his head and walked away. The rich young ruler walked off the pages of history. The vessel, the rich young ruler, came to Jesus well-dressed, full of good intentions, and ready. What he was ready for, he didn't even now. The rich young ruler just knew there had to be more to this spiritual stuff that he was getting out of life. It had to be more than just following rules. This was evidenced by the rich young ruler questions. The reality of the problem was that the vessel (the rich young ruler) was already filled up with self-centered pride, selfishness, and self-worth based on what he had and who he was. The vessel was so full of self or (abnormal reality) there was no room for God. The rich young ruler also had no clue of the type of person to whom he had become or 43  Christ Centered Reality Therapy the abnormal reality in which he was existing." (Barnette, 1994) The filling process takes the work of a lifetime for real change to occur. Christ Centered Reality helps one out of the old stuff (abnormal reality) and helps a counseling client refill with Christ Centered Reality. This is one reason as to why it is so much easier to have faith when people are young because they do not have as much junk to pour out, deal with, and change. The old past abnormal reality build-up and becomes and shapes our current reality. This is why the humanistic medical modali- ties have determined by diagnosing the past they can reshape the present. Christ Centered Reality declarer's people must stop being a prisoner of the past abnormal reality and live in the here and now by making positive choices. The choices one makes today will determine the outcome of one's future just as the past abnormal reality has shaped the present life events. Normal reality can have a greater impact on the present simply due to the fact that people live life in the present, not in the past. Paul writes about God's natural system of economy. Each and every human, regardless of their belief in God, is subject to God's natural laws contained within the universe. One of the absolutes of God is economy. As human beings, when the word economy is used it exclusively means buying and selling in matters of money. God's economy of reaping and sowing extends into the mind, body, and spirit of each and every human being. Paul writes in Galatians 6:7-9 "7 be not deceived; God is not mocked: for whatsoever a man sow's that shall he also reap. 8 For he that sows unto his own flesh shall of the flesh reap corruption; but he that sows unto the Spirit shall of the Spirit reap eternal life. 9 And let us not be weary in well-doing: for in due season we shall reap, if we faint not." All natural laws of the universe are God's natural law of economy and have a mathematical formula that is absolute. One may apply this mathematical 44  Christ Centered Reality Therapy formula to all living things in this universe. The rules of God's absolute economy in Galatians 6:7 Paul writes, "do not kid yourselves; everything God has planned to do will be accomplished rather human beings cooperate with God or not." God's plan for the universe and all human beings will happen. This is an absolute regardless of humanities actions or choices, God's reality will be the ultimate reality. "The second principle is you reap exactly what you sow. If you plant a tomato seed you will harvest tomatoes. You will never harvest cucumbers or frogs. Secular humanist evolu- tionary psychologist rejects this absolute truth. If the secular world accepted the fact that when two monkeys breed, they produce monkeys and not human beings then evolutionary philosophy would fly apart at the seams. A third absolute about reaping and sowing is that you always harvests later than you so. In terms of Christ Centered Reality Therapy, the positive choices you make today will benefit you each and every day after the choices have been made. The fourth absolute truth about reaping and sowing is that you always produce more fruit than the seed planted. This is the expo- nential principle of God's economy. You plant one apple seed you grow one apple tree but you produce many apples. You produce many more apples then you can eat as an individual. Your apples you produce feed the birds, the ants, the worms and many other people. To sum it all up you reap what you sow. You reap exactly what you sow. You reap later than you sow. You reap more than you sow. In God promised you would reap each and every time that sow. (Barnette, 2(X4) The absolutes of Gods universal law, abnormal reality seems to multiply and progress throughout one's whole life. Abnormal reality is based in abnormal immoral choices. In God's economy, the more abnormal the choice the greater the abnormal harvest. From the book of Hosea, God declares "10:12-13 "12 Sow for yourselves righteous- ness, reap the fruit of unfailing love, and break-up your 45  Christ Centered Reality Therapy unplowed ground; for it is time to seek the LORD, and until he comes and showers righteousness on you. 13 But you have planted wickedness, you have reaped evil, and you have eaten the fruit of deception because you have depended on your own strength and on your many warriors." The statement from Hosea "break up your unplowed ground" points to the fact that whichever crop one chooses to plant, rather in abnormal reality, or normal reality the process is the same. The metaphor "break up your unplowed ground" has to do with the actions and content of one's life events. The seed's one chooses to plant is exclusively based on the crop one wishes to harvest. (1973, New International Version) 46  Christ Centered Reality Therapy Christ Centered Reality Therapy by Dr. Tom Barnette Book Study Questions for deliberation review and coun- seling practice discussion Chapter 1 In The Beginning Reality Therapy 1. Secular humanistic counseling focuses on the persons past problems. Read the following statement and write a short answer about your opinion on the past as it relates to counseling. "One particular area that Dr. Glasser has total rejec- tion is Freudian imposition as it relates to the uncon- scious mind of an individual. He rejects the unconscious as a major influence upon present behavior; although he acknowledges the past. Glasser uses the term history and influence to explain the past life events. The history, or the past, plays a minimal non-consequential role in Reality Therapy. 2. What does the following statement mean? Write a short answer to explain what the author means in this state- ment. "Tryink.,, to understand Reality Therapy in just a medical model of Freudian terms is like trying to explain the gospel of Jesus Christ from the theology of Karl Marx. It cannot or should not be done." 3 What is the message that Christ is trying to share as it would pertain to counseling or pastoral care? Write a short answer about the scripture. "The following summary of Matthew 19:16-26 will give insight into the full integration of Christ Centered Reality Therapy through Jesus' expla- nation. Jesus shares the key to making personal choices and taking personal responsibility for those choices." 47  Christ Centered Reality Therapy 4 "Galatians 6: 7-9, "7 be not deceived; God is not mocked: for whatsoever a man sow's that shall he also reap. 8 For he that sows unto his own flesh shall of the flesh reap corrup- tion; but he that sows unto the Spirit shall of the Spirit reap eternal life." List the formula for reaping and sowing. There are four specific steps in the formula. Explain how these affect a person's mental health according to the author. 5 "The metaphor "break up your unplowed ground" has to do with the actions and content of one's life events. The seeds one chooses to plant is exclusively based on the crop one wishes to harvest" Apply this concept to coun- seling. You are dealing with an alcoholic who wants to quit drinking but does not know how. They cannot afford treatment outside of your help. 48  Chapter 2 The Spiritual Nature of Man R eality Therapy does not address the spiritual nature of man; but when fully integrated, it can be reformu- lated into Christ Centered Reality Therapy. Christ Centered Reality Therapy identifies the key concepts of Reality Therapy as defined by William Glasser and his contempo- raries. This includes, but is not limited to, the understanding of the history, formulation, founder, application, future applications, and holistically integration of Christ Centered Reality Therapy. Reality Therapy is subjective and relative thus void of any absolutes especially in moral application. Christ Centered Reality Therapy first establishes a need for absolutes. Christ Centered Reality Therapy installs absolutes utilizing the application of Gospel of Jesus Christ. Secondly, Reality Therapy becomes authentically holistic through the application of Christ Centered Reality Therapy. Christian empirical evidence will validate the theological and practical application of Christ Centered Reality Therapy. Counselors utilizing Christian counseling theory accompa- nied with counseling techniques. One of the essential unique features of Reality Therapy is the founder, Dr. William Glasser; He is the primary source of information. This fact poses both an opportunity 49  Christ Centered Reality Therapy and a dilemma. The opportunity is to study directly from Dr. Glasser's on-going work. With this understanding, Dr. Glasser is formulating his psychological work in a modern 20th century setting. Reality Therapy's contemporary view removes speculation from modem quagmires. Therapists can decisively conclude what Dr. Glasser thinks about the influences of T.V. on modern society and culture. In contrast, therapists can only speculate as to what Freud would have concluded about TV's influence on modern society. A crit- ical opportunity presents itself for Christ Centered Reality Therapy to be fully integrated and applied to Reality Therapy. My study of Reality Therapy, which began in 1993, indicates few efforts have been made to utilize Reality Therapy in any Christian settings. Individual counselors and educational institutions are the primary users of Reality Therapy in part due to the inter- ests of its founder, Dr. William Glasser. This also creates a dilemma. Dr. Glasser's work hinges on relatively limited application and empirical research as compared to other counseling and psychological modalities. One clear reason is Reality Therapy is relative newness to the world of psycho- logical disciplines. Currently, some statistical information collected by the American Psychological Association in 2004 states that by the 21st century there are 750 (give or take 200 or 300) relatively quantified psychological theories which all seem to be homogeneous. Christ Centered Reality Therapy will make the number 751. Reality Therapy is not homo- geneous. Christ Centered Reality Therapy will demonstrate that Reality Therapy may be new to modem psychology and its disciplines, but Reality Therapy is the original form of counseling found in the Bible. The limitations of Reality Therapy, in and of itself, provide an opportunity to formu- late and integrate Christ Centered Reality Therapy without contradicting the original intent of its developer. It is not 50  Christ Centered Reality Therapy intended to rewrite Dr. Glasser theoretical body of work. It is intended to complete the work or metaphorically putting a period at the end of the sentence. The term reformulating, as applied to Reality Therapy in this body work means inte- gration and completion. One of the most exciting features of the renormalization of Reality Therapy into Christ Centered Reality Therapy will demonstrate how this new application completes Reality Therapy. The integration will clarify the vague subjective aspects of Reality Therapy. The integration will amplify the effectiveness of Reality Therapy. Christ Centered Reality Therapy provides a systematic format of absolutes founded on the fundamental principles of the life and ministry of Jesus Christ. The sharpest criticism by Dr. Glasser's contemporaries about Reality Therapy is its lack of construct and concrete systematic structure. The reform realization utilizing the absolutes of the Christian faith will demonstrate effective- ness of the integration between Reality Therapy and Christ Centered Reality Therapy. The formulation and groundwork of Reality Therapy began in 1961 with the publication of Dr. William Glasser's book, Mental Health or Mental Illness. In this defini- tive work, Dr. Glasser presents the collective set of ideas in print which gave rise to the awareness to the general public and fellow practitioners in the health field of what is known today as Reality Therapy. In 1965, Dr. Glasser published the book which is a primary source of material for this research Reality Therapy: A New Approach to Psychiatry. This was the real authentic introduction to Reality Therapy. In this book, he stated the foundational and fundamental positions of Reality Therapy. The book became a bestseller and Dr. Glasser was proclaimed the Father of Reality Therapy by the existing mental health community in 1965. Marvin G. Gilbert writes in his work, The Holy Spirit In C unselin.g, "Although some would 51  Christ Centered Reality Therapy argue that many of the principles of Reality Therapy are generously borrowed from pre-existing therapeutic systems (Rozsnafszky, 1974). Interestingly, Dr. Glasser did recognize the contributions of other theorist and thera- pist. He stated," I am sure it (Reality Therapy) has roots in other therapies; it has ties to Adlerian Therapy because Adler broke with Freud along similar lines and to Albert Ellis Rational - Emotive Therapy." (Evans, 1982) In Corey's fifth edition of theory and practice of counseling and psychotherapy, he explains the relationship of Control Therapy and Reality Therapy. "In many ways Control Theory /Reality Therapy (CT/RT) parallels Existential Therapy, Person Centered Therapy, and Gestalt Therapy. Like the three theories, Reality Therapy is the concentra- tion of other theories. Glasser (1985) maintains that we perceive the world of the client and stresses the subjective way in which clients perceive and react to their world from an internal locus of evaluation. Glasser maintains that we precede the world and contacts of five basic genetic needs. Clients live both in the external world and the real world. Their own internal world is the perceived world."(Corey, 1996) This is the place reality is found in humanity not externally but internally. Behavior is always an individ- uals attempt to control perception of the external world. The individual gains control by perceived reality. Multiplicities of scholars have evaluated Dr. Glasser's theory. Without exception, the scholars have listed several schools of psychology from which Reality Theory is said to have had influence and foundational construct. This is an insignificant fact because Reality Therapy is almost chame- leon in nature. Reality Therapy like the chameleon never changes shape in its construct, but it is colored by its thera- peutic environment and application to life events. A major push in the 21st century in the world of counseling psychology is to pitch a school of therapy then pronounce the practice 52  Christ Centered Reality Therapy eclectic. (That is, to borrow the best from each theory.) This is like going to a Chinese food restaurant and ordering a hotdog or going to a hotdog stand and ordering sushi. One of the most compelling elements of Reality Therapy is that it is not eclectic, but it is fundamentally holistic in structure. Reality Therapy is a holistic structure which has at its core several foundational truths that are basic building blocks for the formulation and the practical logical integration of Christ Centered Reality Therapy. First and foremost, Reality Therapy stresses that people have the freedom to make choices and the choices will change their behavior. Each and every person shapes his future or "individual reality." it is from this idea that Dr. Glasser utilizes the parallel principle of Control Theory. In 1981, Dr. Glasser published a book, Stations of The Mind. Control Theory. The premise of the book was to reaffirm that all behavior is internally motivated. In 1985, Gilbert explained that the concept of Control Theory understands of human motivation. "Motivation arises out of perceptual errors when what we think we want (internal world) is compared with light we precede to be reality in the extra world." (Gilbert, 1985) Christ Centered Reality Therapy agrees with Dr. Glasser's critics. Control Theory is not a new theory but rather an explanation or extension of the practical counseling applica- tion of Reality Therapy. Just like an archaeological excava- tion site there are new discoveries, at each new level. The longer you dig the more stuff you find. It should be expressively understood that Reality Therapy is critically devoid of spiritual content. While the underlying principles of Reality Therapy are not anti-Christian, they specifically neglect the holistic spiritual human. Dr. Glasser is a medical doctor and has never diverted from his view that mental illness originates from a biological modality and a genetic structure. 53  Christ Centered Reality Therapy Dr. William Glasser's education at Case Western Reserve University is where he received his 135 (1945) and MA(1948) in Clinical Psychology, and his M.D. (1953) in Psychiatry. So make no bones about it, Dr. Glasser is a classically trained medical doctor who is a behavior scientist who stumbled onto the original form of counseling and renamed it Reality Therapy. Dr. Glasser writes "All my behavior is initiated by the error signal caused by the detection of an error in an open comparing situation (in the brain). When there is perceptual error there is always an error signal, and I must do something. This is a neurological fact of life." (Glasser, 1985) Contained within the next statement is as close as Dr. Glasser gets to the spiritual part of man. Glasser proposes that we have "10 orders or levels or perceptions, arrange to radically from crude, simple direction of sensation to very complex and mystical experiencing. Each hire perceptual order represents a more complex way of organizing and deriving meaning from external stimuli." (Glasser, 1985) "All our internal motivated behavior is gearing towards getting things we want that satisfy one or more of our basic human needs." (Glasser, 1985) In a1989 workshop Glasser identifies five basic needs. The first four are psychological needs and survival belongs to basic needs, "Identify psycho- logical needs for beings: belonging (love), power, freedom and fun and the need for survival." (Corey, 1994) One of Glasser's classic explanations and illustrations from his workshops regarding "total behavior" is found in the comparison of human beings to the automobile. This is also an example of how Reality Therapy is applied to the 21st century and modern society. It is also my expressed belief one of the reasons why Glasser had to continually expand explanations and understanding of Reality Therapy is that Reality Therapy has a lack of absolutes. Reality Therapy ultimately becomes one long run on and metaphor taking on a kind of Aesop's fable philosophical 54  Christ Centered Reality Therapy genre. in Glasser'sTotal Behavior," he compares how humans function to how a car functions. Just as the four wheels guide a car, so do the four components of individual total behavior influence their direction in life. These components of total behavior influence individual direction in life. The compo- nents of total behavior are doing (or active behaviors such as getting up and going to work); thinking (such as generating thoughts and self statements); feelings (such as anger, joy, pain, depression, anxiety); and physiology (such as sweating or developing psychosomatic symptoms). These behavioral components are always banned together to make a whole or total behavior. They can be distinguished from one another, and one of them is usually more promi- nent than others when explaining the concept of the total person (Glasser, 1989). Dr. Glasser spent the balance of his life explaining and expounding upon the original concept of Reality Therapy which is fundamentally sound. Utilizing the original and fundamental theory Reality Therapy and simply applying Christ centered absolutes which are found in the gospel of Jesus Christ are relatively easy to accomplish. The intent of Christ Centered Reality Therapy is to integrate counseling techniques with a theoret- ical body of work which agrees with the foundational theory of Reality therapy and the absolutes of the gospel. To accomplish this integration it is necessary to under- stand God's rule of creation. This is God's rule not my rule. God created humans mind, body, and spirit this is an abso- lute. Humans are a three-dimensional by design and nature. God formulated human beings to move in concert with God and the universe. One part of the human would complete the other two parts. Please take the following test using practical and common sense. This will demonstrate and illustrate the absolute need to heal the mind, body, and spirit. On a scale of one to 100 hundred rate yourself. If you score Zero you are dead; and if 55  Christ Centered Reality Therapy you score 100, you are perfect like God. Then total all three scores for an overall composite score. The potential perfect score is 300. First rate your mind. This would include both positives and negatives include things like mental illness, depres- sion, education, ability to communicate, overall satisfaction with your memory, thought process, etc. Secondly, rate your body, overall health, age, do you exercise, do you eat right, are you disease-free, etc. Remember 100 is perfect and zero is dead. You have to be somewhere in between due to the fact you are reading this paper. Now rate yourself spiritually taking into account concepts like prayer, church attendance, Bible study, and personal relationship with God, spiritual joy, ministry opportunities, etc Total up your composite score for just the mind and the body. Each would represent 33.3% percent of your total score and if you made a perfect 100 on both the mind and the body your total score would be 200. Adding up those two scores your total score would be 66 2/3 percent of your overall grade. Which in any teacher's grade book, even with a grade curve, 66% percent is an F.? It is absolutely impos- sible to get a total picture of the human condition without treating the mind, body, and spirit. It requires all three abso- lute components of human creation. Christ Centered Reality Therapy is the complete holistic approach which is essentially the real last chapter to utilizing Reality Therapy. The human mind can max out its ability and ultimately the mind grows old and feeble. The body maxes out its ability quickly then begins to age. Neither the mind nor the body can ever supplant the Spirit. Man is created spiritually eternal. The spirit or Holy Spirit from a Christian perspective exclusively and continually grows. The Holy Spirit is eternal not affected by age or physical condition. The Spirit does not grow old or tired. The Holy Spirit can never be minimized. The Holy Spirit can overcome not only 56  Christ Centered Reality Therapy spiritually centered problems but can heal problems of the mind and body. The limitless absolute of the Holy Spirit in operation working in conjunction with our human condition allows Christ Centered Reality Therapy to treat the holisti- cally needs of man. Dr. Glasser in order to continually expand the explana- tion and ideology of Reality Therapy and Control Therapy in 1976 published his most controversial work, Positive Addiction. The mere mention of the title sparked contro- versy in the world of mental health. Dr. Glasser apparently was a man of deep conviction but simultaneously he also discovered controversy sells books. The idea of a million mental health workers buying a copy of your book had to be somewhat appealing. In the book Dr. Glasser begins basi- cally as an apologetic for his theory," if you accept the usual definition of addiction, this is probably must read because you, and until recently to me and addict is someone whose life is destroyed by heroine, alcohol etc." "I do not deny the truth in these common examples of addiction; but I do claim that addiction is not all bad. On the contrary, I believe there are a number of addictions that are as good as the above name addictions are harmful. I call them positive addic- tions because they strengthen us and make our lives more satisfying. They exist in sharp contrast to the common are negative addictions like alcohol our heroine, which always weaken, soften and destroy us. While the concept is new, the practice I call positive addictions are not." (Glasser, 1976) Dr. Glasser strengths in writing is found in the from of a very readable down to earth practical style which is reader friendly. He writes in a common man's language and avoids unnecessary psychological terms. Dr. Glasser avoids complex psychological Jorgen that is filled with psycho- babble doublespeak. His communication style and his tone made even his most controversial book readable. 57  Christ Centered Reality Therapy Listen to the conversation between the Velveteen Rabbit and the Skin Horse. "Does it hurt?" Asked the Rabbit?" "Sometimes," said the Skin Horse, for he was al ways truthful. "When you are real you don't mind being hurt" "Does it happen all at once, like being wound up," he asked, "or bit by bit?" "It doesn't happen all at once," said the Skin Horse. "For you to become real, it takes a long time. That's why it doesn't happen often to toys, who break easily, or have sharp edges, or who have to be carefully kept. Generally, by the time you are real, most of your hair has been loved off, and your eyes drop out and you get loose in the joints and very shabby. But these things don't matter at all; because once you are real you can't be ugly, except to people who don't understand." (Williams 1982) Like the Velveteen Rabbit my personal epiphany came with the understanding of the potential for Reality Therapy to be integrated into a fully functioning Christian counseling modality. On page 80, of Dr. Glasser 1965 book Reality Therapy, in the case study of Maria, "Maria a 17-year-old girl was a far different problem from Jeri. Maria, had been in institutions from the time she was 12 before then in foster homes no family, few friends, and all the tests said she was not too intelligent rather low and slow. I was asked to see her in the discipline cottage because she had been in several fights. She had been sitting in her room, eating little, and making no effort to contact any of the cottage staff. There seemed to be little we could do for her because she had given up on herself..." when I sat with her in the day room of the discipline unit, she refused to speak, just sitting apatheti- cally and staring at the floor. 1 asked her my routine getting acquainted questions. Maria just sat and stared, finally she asked me to leave her alone she had seen plenty of psychia- trists before but she never talked to them. Each week for the next seven consecutive weeks the scene was repeated except for different questions. If Maria, replied at all it was with one 58  Christ Centered Reality Therapy or two syllable words like "so what", "who cares", "big deal" etc.... upon the eighth visit 1 saw a glimmer of hope I said "Hi" and she answered" Hi" on a whim I decided to engage her in conversation about her 10 or 20 self-inflicted tattoos, to shorten a rather lengthy story over time Maria began to communicate, rejoin the House group and began to improve in school." (Glasser, 1965) Dr. Glasser states in the case study with Maria that Reality Therapy illustrates a critical concept, "Maria it illustrates that the key to involvement is neither to give up nor to push too hard. No matter how lonely and isolated a girl may be, if the therapist adheres to the present and points to a hopeful future and, in cases like Maria, expands her initial involve- ment into a series of involvements as soon as possible, great changes can take place. Here the need for group therapy was critical for their she could gain strength from relating to more responsible girls and could see how she might in the late there are more responsible behavior. Through our persis- tence Maria, perhaps for the first time in her life was able to fulfill her needs."(Glasser, 1965) It was at the end of this case study and the concluding paragraphs about persistency and never giving up that I determined that Reality Therapy was my personal choice for Christian integration of practical counseling application. The idea of the "no quit scenario" fits squarely into the Christian message. The first Gospel verse which is the most quoted Gospel verse that illustrates this key concept of never giving and not quitting was shared by Jesus Christ from the Gospel of Jahn, John 3:16 "For God so loved the world that He gave His only begotten Son, that whoever believes in Him should not perish but have everlasting life." (King James 1611). My presupposition that whatever counselor, therapist, pastor or layperson would choose Christ Centered Reality Therapy as a operating therapeutic application must accept to be successful in counseling they must adopt the never give 59  Christ Centered Reality Therapy up scenario. Christ Centered Reality Therapy is not a defense of the gospel in this paper is not a psychological Christian apologetic. Christ centered reality therapy's cornerstone is the God's redemptive power which is relentless and God's absolutes are immovable and concrete. God's absolutes are not subjective or even left up to interpretation. The singular source for God's absolutes of the 66 books contained within the Bible. From the time of Adam's fall in the garden to present day God has tirelessly extended His mercy, grace and boundless patience to the human race. God's provision is in order that man can be reconciled to a permanent relationship with God. The Father sent His own Son Jesus Christ in the greatest act of mercy the world has ever experienced. Through Jesus death and resurrection human beings have the ultimate extension of grace and the greatest demonstration of God's patience and absolutes. God is faithful when man is not faithful. God is faithful to all of His covenants. God knew man's inability to keep the covenants which are legal contracts with God. Nevertheless God is relentless in his quest to reconcile all men to His love. These absolute truths of God are written in the Bible for man's application, correction, clarity under- standing and ultimate reality. Dr. Glasser demonstrated in the case study of Maria a tireless effort to love the most unlovely, and patiently wait until Maria was ready to respond. Available and persistent consistency is the underpinning of the message of the Gospel of Jesus Christ. Reality Therapy is effective to some extent as are other psychological therapies without any integration of Christian counseling. It is evident that all psychological disciplines have some elements of Christianity contained within the discipline. This does not make the psychological disci- plines necessarily suitable for a full integration of Christ centered theoretical practice in counseling. Most, if not all 60  Christ Centered Reality Therapy psychological theories have direct contradictions with a Christ centered set of absolutes. The message of God reli- ance on Jesus Christ instead of self-reliance disenfranchises the self-help, self-sustaining armchair psychologist. "I call this self-help psychology bootstrap theology this is where you pull yourself up by your bootstraps and take control of your life."(Barnette, 1992) Secular psychology teaches that god only helps those who help themselves. Self-help or self godliness is the Rosetta Stone, of secular humanism which declares that human beings are self-reliant exclusive of God. Reality ty Therapy fully aligns with Christian absolutes without rendering any redefinition of Dr. Glasser's original intent. Christ Centered Reality Therapy will complete and elevate Reality Therapy to its highest possible potential effectiveness. 61  Christ Centered Reality Therapy Christ Centered Reality Therapy by Dr. Tom Barnette Book Study Questions for deliberation review and coun- seling practice discussion Chapter 2 The Spiritual Nature of Man 1. Reality Therapy is a holistic structure which has at its core several foundational truths that are basic building blocks for the formulation and the practical logical integration of Christ Centered Reality Therapy. First and foremost, Reality Therapy stresses that people have the freedom to make choices and the choices will change their behavior. Each and every person shapes his future or" Individual reality." What does "individual reality" mean to you? And what does "individual reality" have to do with the concept of counseling? Is "Individual Reality" a Christian concept? 2. Please take the following test using practical and common sense. This will demonstrate and illustrate the abso- lute need to heal the mind, body and spirit. On a scale of one to 100 hundred rate yourself. If you score Zero you are dead, and if you score 100, you are perfect like God. Then total all three scores for an overall composite score. The potential perfect score is 300. First rate your mind. This would include both positives and negatives include things like mental illness, depression, education, ability to communicate, overall satisfaction with your memory, thought process, etc. Secondly, rate your body, overall health, age, do you exercise, do you eat right, are you disease-free, etc. Remember 100 is perfect zero is dead. You have to be somewhere in between due to the fact you are reading this paper. Now rate yourself spiri- tually taking into account concepts like prayer, church 62  Christ Centered Reality Therapy attendance, Bible study, and personal relationship with God, spiritual joy, ministry opportunities, etc. Total up your composite score for just the mind and the body. Each would represent 33.3% percent of your total score and if you made a perfect 100 on both the mind and the body your total score would be 200. Adding up those two scores your total score would be 66 213 percent of your overall grade. Which in any teacher's grade book, even with a grade curve, 66% percent is an F.? It is absolutely impossible to get a total picture of the human condition without treating the mind, body, and spirit. It requires all three absolute components of human creation. Is coun- seling based on three dimensions or just the mind and behavior? If the Spirit of a person is involved, how do you treat all three? 3. Reality Therapy is effective to some extent as are other psychological therapies without any integration of Christian couns