Chapter 2: Intellectual Revolutions PDF

CHAPTER 2 INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTIONS BONIFACIO JR. L. GIANGAN, LPT, MST ASSISTANT PROFESSOR I LEARNING OBJECTIVES At the end of this chapter, you will be able to : 1.discuss the paradigm shifts through history; 2.explain how Intellectual Revolution changed the way how humans...

CHAPTER 2 INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTIONS BONIFACIO JR. L. GIANGAN, LPT, MST ASSISTANT PROFESSOR I LEARNING OBJECTIVES At the end of this chapter, you will be able to : 1.discuss the paradigm shifts through history; 2.explain how Intellectual Revolution changed the way how humans see the world; and 3.describe the technological advancements that happened in the information age. ✓Most of the discoveries and inventions in science and technology during each time period were due to the human needs and wants. ✓Advancements in science and technology changed people’s perceptions and beliefs. ✓Events happened in a period now known as the Intellectual Revolution.  COPERNICAN REVOLUTION CLAUDIUS PTOLEMY ❑A famous philosopher and astronomer who stated that planets, sun and moon moved in a circular motion AROUND THE EARTH. ❑He believed that the EARTH WAS AT THE CENTER - a concept known as GEOCENTRISM. THE GEOCENTRIC MODEL  COPERNICAN REVOLUTION NICOLAUS COPERNICUS ❑A Polish mathematician and astronomer who opposes Ptolemaic model. ❑He suggested that the center of the universe is the SUN or known as HELIOCENTRISM. THE HELIOCENTRIC MODEL  COPERNICAN REVOLUTION ❑This was in direct contradiction of the teachings of the Catholic Church, which espoused the Ptolemaic view of the Universe. ❑It was eventually accepted by the people in a period which was called the BIRTH OF MODERN ASTRONOMY.  DARWINIAN REVOLUTION CHARLES DARWIN ❑An English naturalist, biologist and geologist, published a book named ON THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES. THEORY OF EVOLUTION ❑“Population pass through a process of natural selection in which only the fittest would survive.” ❑He stated that organisms have the ability to adapt to their environment and would gradually change into something that would be more competitive to survive, a process called EVOLUTION.  FREUDIAN REVOLUTION SIGMUND FREUD ❑He was able to change people’s perception of psychology with his revolutionary theory of psychoanalysis. Psychology was considered more of an art rather than a science. Psychoanalysis – is the study that explains human behavior.  FREUDIAN REVOLUTION SIGMUND FREUD ❑He explained that there are many conscious and unconscious factors that can be influence behavior and emotions. ❑Personality is a product of three conflicting elements: id, ego, and superego