Filipino Nationalism Past Paper PDF

CHARACTER FORMATIONS: NATIONALISM AND PATRIOTISM MODULE 8: The Rise of Filipino Nationalism Page 1 of 5 LESSON PROPER The rise of Filipino nationalism was shaped by key dates, events, and influential i...

CHARACTER FORMATIONS: NATIONALISM AND PATRIOTISM MODULE 8: The Rise of Filipino Nationalism Page 1 of 5 LESSON PROPER The rise of Filipino nationalism was shaped by key dates, events, and influential individuals who contributed to the struggle for independence and the formation of a national identity. Here's an overview of the most significant dates, events, and persons: Important Dates and Events in the Rise of Filipino Nationalism: 1. 1872 - Cavite Mutiny o Event: A revolt of Filipino soldiers and workers at Fort San Felipe in Cavite, which was quickly suppressed by Spanish authorities. o Impact: The Spanish government blamed Filipino intellectuals and leaders, including Fathers Mariano Gómez, José Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora (GOMBURZA), who were executed. Their martyrdom inspired future nationalists. 2. 1882 - Publication of "La Solidaridad" o Event: A newspaper published by Filipino reformists in Spain advocating for political reforms in the Philippines and equality for Filipinos. o Key People: Graciano López Jaena (editor), Marcelo H. del Pilar, and José Rizal (contributors). 3. 1887 - Publication of "Noli Me Tangere" o Event: José Rizal's novel, which exposed the abuses and corruption of the Spanish clergy and government, awakened Filipino national consciousness. o Impact: Rizal became a central figure in the nationalist movement. 4. 1892 - Founding of La Liga Filipina o Event: José Rizal founded the La Liga Filipina, a civic organization that sought peaceful reforms and unity among Filipinos. o Impact: Rizal's arrest and exile to Dapitan inspired more radical movements like the Katipunan. CHARACTER FORMATIONS: NATIONALISM AND PATRIOTISM MODULE 8: The Rise of Filipino Nationalism Page 2 of 5 5. 1892 - Founding of the Katipunan o Event: Andrés Bonifacio founded the Katipunan (Kataas-taasan, Kagalang-galangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan), a revolutionary organization aimed at gaining Philippine independence from Spain through armed revolt. o Impact: The Katipunan spread rapidly, becoming the leading force behind the Philippine Revolution. 6. August 23, 1896 - Cry of Pugad Lawin o Event: Andrés Bonifacio and his fellow revolutionaries tore their cedulas (residence certificates), symbolizing the rejection of Spanish colonial rule and the start of the armed revolution. o Impact: This act marked the beginning of the Philippine Revolution. 7. December 30, 1896 - Execution of José Rizal o Event: José Rizal was executed in Bagumbayan (Luneta) after being convicted of rebellion by the Spanish government. o Impact: Rizal’s execution further ignited the flames of revolution, making him a martyr for the cause of Filipino freedom. 8. March 22, 1897 - Tejeros Convention o Event: A meeting of revolutionary leaders held in Tejeros, Cavite, to establish a central government for the revolutionary forces. o Impact: Emilio Aguinaldo was elected as President, leading to a power struggle with Bonifacio. 9. June 12, 1898 - Declaration of Philippine Independence o Event: Emilio Aguinaldo declared Philippine independence from Spain in Kawit, Cavite. The Philippine flag was raised, and the national anthem, Lupang Hinirang, was played. o Impact: Although independence was declared, the Philippines would soon face another colonizer—the United States. 10. December 10, 1898 - Treaty of Paris CHARACTER FORMATIONS: NATIONALISM AND PATRIOTISM MODULE 8: The Rise of Filipino Nationalism Page 3 of 5 o Event: Spain ceded the Philippines to the United States for $20 million, marking the start of American colonization. o Impact: Filipino revolutionaries continued their fight, leading to the Philippine-American War. Key Persons in the Rise of Filipino Nationalism: 1. José Rizal o A national hero who used his writings (Noli Me Tangere, El Filibusterismo) to advocate for peaceful reforms and Filipino equality under Spanish rule. His execution in 1896 made him a symbol of the nationalist movement. 2. Andrés Bonifacio o Founder of the Katipunan and a leader of the Philippine Revolution. He is known as the "Father of the Philippine Revolution" and believed that independence could only be won through armed struggle. 3. Emilio Aguinaldo o Leader of the Philippine Revolution after Bonifacio, Aguinaldo declared Philippine independence from Spain in 1898. He became the first president of the Philippines and led the resistance against both Spanish and American colonial rule. CHARACTER FORMATIONS: NATIONALISM AND PATRIOTISM MODULE 8: The Rise of Filipino Nationalism Page 4 of 5 4. Graciano López Jaena o A propagandist and the editor of La Solidaridad, López Jaena was a leading figure in the reform movement that sought greater rights and freedoms for Filipinos under Spanish rule. 5. Marcelo H. del Pilar o A nationalist and key leader of the reform movement. He succeeded López Jaena as editor of La Solidaridad and was one of the most vocal advocates for reforms through his writings. 6. Apolinario Mabini o Known as the "Brains of the Revolution," Mabini was Aguinaldo's chief adviser and helped draft the first Philippine constitution. He advocated for a united and independent Philippines. 7. GOMBURZA (Fathers Mariano Gómez, José Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora) CHARACTER FORMATIONS: NATIONALISM AND PATRIOTISM MODULE 8: The Rise of Filipino Nationalism Page 5 of 5 o These three Filipino priests were executed after being falsely accused of participating in the 1872 Cavite Mutiny. Their deaths inspired many Filipinos to rise up against colonial rule and fight for independence.