La Solidaridad and Katipunan PDF

THE PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT AND LA LIGA FILIPINA Why these reformist movements been created? AIMS OF PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT The Propaganda Movement, La Solidaridad, and La Liga Equality of Filipinos and Spaniards before the law Filipina were all interre...

THE PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT AND LA LIGA FILIPINA Why these reformist movements been created? AIMS OF PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT The Propaganda Movement, La Solidaridad, and La Liga Equality of Filipinos and Spaniards before the law Filipina were all interrelated reformist movements Assimilation of Philippines as a normal province of emerged in the late 19th century, it is through essays, Spain articles and publications. As a response to the Restoration of Philippine representation in the cortes, oppressive Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines. the law-making body of Spain These movements, despite different focuses, shared Filipinization of Philippine Parishes the common objective of achieving reforms that would Individual liberties for the Filipinos improve the political, social, and economic situation of Filipinos END OF PROPAGAND MOVEMENT: PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT The Propaganda Movement failed to achieve its objectives, as the Spanish government ignored the Peaceful crusade or campaign for reforms reformists’ demands. The Propaganda Movement was a significant campaign By the early 1890’s, the lack of progress, combined led by educated Filipino Ilustrados in the late 19th with the arrest and exile of key figures like Rizal, century. led to frustration among Filipinos. The peaceful reform efforts gradually gave way more radical and THREE IMPORTANT REFORMIST revolutionary actions. JOSE RIZAL LA SOLIDARIDAD THE GREAT THINKER and Writer The La Solidaridad was founded on February 15, 1889 in Wrote the novel, Noli Me Tangere Barcelona, Spain. and El Filibusterismo It was a newspaper established by Filipino reformers in He founded La Liga Filipino Spain during the late 19th century. On December 30, 1896, at the age of 35, Rizal was executed by firing squad at LA SOLIDARIDAD: Bagumbayan Field in Manila. His final words, according to some accounts were The newspaper serves as platform that advocate “Consummatum est” (It is finished) for reforms and improvements in the Philippine under Spanish colonial rules. It promotes Filipino nationalism and cultural GRACIANO LOPEZ JAENA identity through its newspaper. THE GREAT ORATOR AIMS OF LA SOLIDARIDAD In 1889, he founded the fortnightly newspaper of La Solidaridad and became 1. To portray vividly the deplorable condition of the its first editor. Philippines 2. To work peacefully for the political and social reforms 3. To combat the evil forces of medievalism and reaction 4. To advocate liberal ideas and progress 5. To champion the legitimate aspirations of the Filipino people for democracy and happiness. MARCELO H. DEL PILAR THE END OF LA SOLIDARIDAD: THE GREAT POLITICAL ANALYST The La Solidaridad failed primarily due to a combination of AND JOURNALIST financial difficulties, government suppression, internal disagreement, and the growing sense of nationalistm “greatest journalist produced by the among Filipinos. purely Filipino race” On December 15, 1998, Marcelo H, del Pilar replaced Graciano Lopez Jaena This shift in focus contributed to the decline of La as the editor of La Solidaridad Solidaridad and its eventual closure in 1895.  THE PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT AND LA LIGA FILIPINA Rizal founded La Liga Filipina in 1892, upon his return from Europe THE RISE OF KATIPUNAN AND THE PHILIPPINE REVOLUTION La Liga Filipinas was a civic organization aimed at uniting Filipinos and peacefully pushing for reforms The Philippine Revolution of 1896, a pivotal event in Philippine The Liga was intended to promote mutual aid and history, marked the beginning of the country's struggle for protection, encourage education and agricultural independence from Spanish colonial rule. This revolution, fueled development, and provide a means for self-defenses against by decades of oppression and fueled by the ideals of freedom injustices. and self-determination, was largely driven by the Katipunan, a MAIN CONTRIBUTOR: secret revolutionary society founded in 1892. Jose Rizal This report explores the emergence of the Katipunan and its role in igniting the 1896 revolution, highlighting the key factors that contributed to its formation, its revolutionary ideology, and its Founder of La Liga Filipina impact on the course of Philippine history. His vision was to unite Filipinos under a peaceful, civic organization Aimed to promote social reforms, mutual protection, Historical Context and Factors Leading to the Katipunan's education, and economic development Formation He was arrested shortly after forming the organization, which led to its dissolution The Spanish colonization of the Philippines, which began in the 16th century, was characterized by a system of What are the current reforms people want to happen? exploitation and oppression. The Spanish authorities imposed a rigid social hierarchy, Filipino are currently advocating for various reforms to address with Filipinos relegated to second-class citizenship. pressing societal issues. These includes economic inequality, They implemented policies that favored Spanish interests, corruption, improved education and healthcare systems, climate such as the encomienda system, which granted Spanish change mitigation, and good governance. Protesters are demanding greater transparency, accountability, and landlords’ control over vast tracts of land and the labor of participation in government, as well as policies that promote indigenous Filipinos. social justice and equality. This system led to widespread poverty and exploitation, fueling resentment among Filipinos. Are protesters a nuisance or patriots? Furthermore, the Spanish authorities implemented a system of religious control, imposing Catholicism as the official The perception of protesters as nuisance or patriots often religion and suppressing indigenous beliefs and practices. depends on the perspective of the observer. While protests can This religious oppression further alienated Filipinos and disrupt daily life and sometimes lead to violence, the are also a crucial tool for democratic expression and social change. Many contributed to the growing sense of discontent. protesters are calling for reforms and social change. Many The Spanish friars, who held significant power and influence, protesters are calling for reforms similar to these sought by Rizal often abused their authority, engaging in corrupt practices and his contemporaries during the Spanish colonial period, and exploiting the Filipino population. This environment of making them advocates for a just and equitable society. discontent and a desire for self-determination laid the groundwork for the emergence of revolutionary movements Is today’s Philippines similar to the Spanish colonial era? like the Katipunan While the Philippines has made significant progress since the THE RISE OF KATIPUNAN Spanish colonial period, it still faces some of the same challenges. Like colonialism which has contributed to economic inequality, social disparities, and political corruption. However, founded on July 7, 1892 - also referred to as the KKK, or the the country has also evolved significantly, gaining independence, “Kataastaasan Kagalanggalang na Katipunan ng mga Anak ng establishing democratic institutions, and experiencing economic Bayan” - A secret revolutionary society founded by Andres growth. Despite these advancements, the Philippines continues Bonifacio in 1892 - was a clandestine organization aimed at to grapple with issues that motivated Rizal and his uniting Filipinos in the struggle against Spanish colonial rule. - contemporaries to fight for change. sought to achieve independence through armed resistance and the mobilization of the masses. - Its membership spanned different social classes, reflecting a shared aspiration for freedom and nationhood.  THE PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT AND LA LIGA FILIPINA Ideology and Leadership of the Katipunan The Outbreak of the 1896 Revolution The Katipunan's ideology was rooted in the principles of The discovery of the Katipunan's plans by Spanish authorities in freedom, equality, and solidarity among Filipinos. Central to its August 1896 triggered a crackdown on the organization. This beliefs was the rejection of foreign domination and the assertion event, known as the "Cry of Pugad Lawin," sparked widespread of Filipino identity. rebellion across the Philippines. The "Cry of Pugad Lawin": The "Cry of Pugad Lawin" marked the official start of the Philippine The Role of Key Leaders Revolution. It involved the tearing of cédulas (community tax certificates) by Katipuneros, symbolizing their defiance against The Katipunan was led by a group of dedicated revolutionaries, Spanish rule. The revolution was characterized by numerous each playing a significant role in shaping the revolution's course. battles and skirmishes between Filipino revolutionaries and Spanish forces. Notable battles include the Battle of Pasong Andrés Bonifacio Tamo and the Battle of Imus the founder of the Katipunan, was a charismatic leader The Spanish-American War and the Philippine-American who inspired his followers with his passionate calls for War freedom. He played a key role in mobilizing Filipinos and organizing the early stages of the revolution The outbreak of the Spanish-American War in 1898 presented a new opportunity for the Filipinos. Aguinaldo returned to the Emilio Aguinaldo Philippines and renewed the fight for independence. However, the victory of the United States over Spain in the war led to the transfer of Spanish colonial possessions, including the a skilled military strategist, emerged as a prominent Philippines, to the United States. This development marked the leader during the revolution. He led successful beginning of the Philippine-American War, a conflict that lasted campaigns against Spanish forces and played a crucial from 1899 to 1902. role in establishing the First Philippine Republic Apolinario Mabini a brilliant political theorist, served as Aguinaldo's advisor and played a significant role in shaping the government's policies The Katipunan's Organizational Structure and Strategies The Katipunan used a system of secret codes and symbols to maintain secrecy and protect its members from Spanish authorities. The Katipunan employed various strategies to achieve its objectives. They engaged in propaganda campaigns to raise awareness of their cause, disseminated revolutionary literature, and organized secret meetings to recruit new members. They also established training camps to prepare members for armed conflict, teaching them basic military tactics and weapons handling. They used "kartilla", a set of ethical guidelines, to instill revolutionary ideals and promote unity among members