Determinants of Oral Health PDF

Lesson 1 Determinants of oral health Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health Prof. Eugenia García Zaragozá, PhD Bachelor in Dentistry ACADEMIC YEAR 2023-2024 ÍNDICE TABLE CONTENIDOS OF CONTENTS 1. Health vs illness 2. Determinants of health. Complicating features 3. Health inequalities. De...

Lesson 1 Determinants of oral health Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health Prof. Eugenia García Zaragozá, PhD Bachelor in Dentistry ACADEMIC YEAR 2023-2024 ÍNDICE TABLE CONTENIDOS OF CONTENTS 1. Health vs illness 2. Determinants of health. Complicating features 3. Health inequalities. Deprivation indexes 2 1. Health vs Illness Historical development of the concept of health ✓ MAGICAL-RELIGIOUS -MIDDLE AGES ✓ MIASMATIC AND BACTERIOLOGICAL (UNICAUSAL) -LATE 18th CENTURY ✓ MULTICAUSAL AND ECOLOGICAL. -20th CENTURY ✓ SOCIAL -NOWADAYS 3 1. Health vs Illness Health: Terminology absence of sickness and disability 4 1. Health vs Illness Illness: Terminology 5 1. Health vs Illness Mervyn Susser: The triad illness subjective state or psychological awareness of dysfunction at the personal level disease objective physiological or mental disorder at the organic level sickness social role or negotiated position in the world, between the ‘sick’ and a society which is prepared to recognise and sustain him 6 1. Health vs Illness Illness: Terminology 7 2. Determinants of Health set of personal, social, political and environmental factors that determine the health status of individuals and populations (WHO) 8 2. Determinants of Health Lalonde report (1974) 10 2. Determinants of Health Dahlgren and Whitehead model (1991) 11 2. Determinants of Health Complicating features 12 2. Determinants of Health Complicating features genomics 13 2. Determinants of Health Complicating features Environment and climate change Lifestyle 14 2. Determinants of Health Social determinants of health and health inequalities 15 3. Health inequalities Factors associated with inequalities “ zip code is more important than genetic code” Michael Marmot 16 3. Health inequalities Deprivation indexes In order to highlight differences in health status between population groups, we use: ✓ Socio-economic status (occupation) ✓ Deprivation indexes (geographical area) 17 Remember • • • • The concept of health has currently evolved from a negative perception (absence of disease), through a positive and static concept of a total state of well-being (WHO), to the current dynamic concept of a health-disease continuum. Health Determinants are a set of personal, social, political and environmental factors that determine the health status of individuals and populations (WHO). Lifestyle is the determinant that most influences the level of health in developed countries, however most of the resources are invested in the sanitary system (LALONDE). They are divided into non-modifiable (age, sex, genetics) and modifiable (lifestyles, environment, education, work, housing...) health determinants (DAHLGREN and WHITEHEAD) Social health determinants generate health inequities and require actions and policies that go beyond health prevention. Acting on them brings benefits for the health of society as a whole Inequities in health are differences in the health status of some groups compared to others, usually depending on their geographical distribution, age, gender, education, income, social class... these differences are measured by deprivation indices and socioeconomic status 18 REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRAPHY -Deter R., Gulliford M., Karim Q.A, Tam C.C. Global Public Health. Sixth BIBLIOGRÁFICAS Edition. Oxford University Press. 2015 -Gordis L., Epidemiology, 4th Edition. 2009. Saunders Elsevier -Somerville M., Kumaran K., Anderson R. Public Health and Epidemiology at a Glance, First Edition. 2012. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. -Susser. M., Editorial in Psychological Medicine, 1990, 20, 471-473. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291700016974 19 Prof. Eugenia García Zaragozá, PhD [email protected] UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia © © UCAM UCAM