Behaviorism 3 PP PDF

Behaviorism Phil 2160 Dr. J Cumby Behaviorism: Focus on what is experimentally observable The stimulus to the organism The organism’s response (behavior) Problem 1: Identifying the stimulus and response...

Behaviorism Phil 2160 Dr. J Cumby Behaviorism: Focus on what is experimentally observable The stimulus to the organism The organism’s response (behavior) Problem 1: Identifying the stimulus and response Coffee smells so good! This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA Problem 1: Identifying the stimulus and response Coffee smells so good! This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA Problem 1: Identifying the stimulus and response Coffee smells so good! I don’t like coffee! This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed This Photo under CC by Unknown BY-SA-NC Author is licensed under CC BY-SA This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA Problem 2: Background Mental States Often, we cannot describe or predict a stimulus- response relationship without making assumptions about a network of mental states. This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA  I want to Coffee sincerely smells report good! what I Coffee smells believe. good! This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA  I do not want to draw Coffee attention to smells the delicious good! coffee smell This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA Problem 3: Latent Learning Learning (for behaviorist) a result of conditioning involves processes of association and reinforcement Latent Learning (Tolman and Hoznik 1930) Learning without reinforcement Place learning (Tolman, Ritchie, and Kalish 1946) Cognitive Maps Tolman and Honzik (1930) Behavior best explained by supposing learning without reinforcement. Latent Learning Rats are storing information for future use without reinforcement What information is being stored? spatial layout or series of movements? Question Alternative 1: Information about the : What spatial layout of the maze Rats are engaged in place informati learning on is Alternative 2: being Information about sequence of movements stored? Rats are engaged in response learning Tolman, Ritchie, and Kalish 1946 Behavior best explained by place learning rather than response learning Tolman, Ritchie, and Kalish 1946 Behavior best explained by place learning rather than response learning Cognitive Maps Rats are representing the spatial layout of their environment Revisiting the hidden Cannot explain all responses just in terms of stimuli (even past stimuli). Need to theorize about interactions between stimuli, unobservable internal mental states, and responses. How do we theorize about the hidden? Introspection? Limitations: Cannot access the unconscious Lack of testability