Addressing Emergencies & Fires1_compressed.pdf

Frontier Airlines Initial Training Emergency Procedures: Addressing Emergencies and Fires 1  Learning Objectives Become familiar with the Emergency Procedures chapter in the Flight Attendant Manual (FAM) Understand the chain of command as well a...

Frontier Airlines Initial Training Emergency Procedures: Addressing Emergencies and Fires 1  Learning Objectives Become familiar with the Emergency Procedures chapter in the Flight Attendant Manual (FAM) Understand the chain of command as well as specific duties during emergency situations Be familiar with the appropriate responses for emergencies such as turbulence, decompression, Ca and crew incapacitation Be able to identify and report various odors throughout all phases of flight Pass the emergency procedures exam 2  UA #232 – Sioux City, IA 3  Addressing Emergencies A Flight Attendant’s most important function is to provide the greatest amount of safety to the customers. Safety extends from the prevention and care of the most minor mishaps to the more serious emergency situations that arise. FAM 40.05 ADDRESSING EMERGENCIES IN FLIGHT 4  Chain Of Command 1. Captain 2. First Officer 3. “A” Flight Attendant 4. “B,” “C,” “D,” then “E” Flight Attendants FAM 40.05 ADDRESSING EMERGENCIES IN FLIGHT- Chain of Command 5FAM 40.08 CREW COMMUNICATION  Crew Coordination- Irregular Operation During irregular cabin situations the Flight Deck should be kept advised of: Passenger misconduct. In-flight medical emergencies. Significant damage to the cabin Malfunction of equipment. Fire or any other condition that may pose a threat to safety. FAM 40.05 ADDRESSING EMERGENCIES IN FLIGHT FAM 40.08 CREW COMMUNICATION 6  Chime System - Flight Deck to Cabin Chime Meaning Cabin Action 1 (two-tone) chime – Flight Deck normal communication Flight Attendant if only calling one FA to one FA station answers the phone station 2 (two-tone) chimes – Flight Deck normal communication Flight Attendants if calling all FA with All Call. answer the phone stations 3 (two-tone) chimes Flight Deck Emergency call “A” Flight Attendant answers phone immediately High pitched EVACUATION signal - normally Depress “EVAC repetitive beep preceded by “Evacuate” command CMD” on through PA. FAP/AAP. FAM 40.08 CREW COMMUNICATION- Chime Communication Signals 7  Incapacitated Flight Attendant Take care of Flight Attendant, notify Captain. Assign jumpseat responsibility. One uniformed crew must occupy “A” jumpseat and the other must occupy “B” jumpseat. - Crewmember- may occupy jumpseat. - Non-crewmember- may NOT occupy jumpseat. FAM 40.05 ADDRESSING EMERGENCIES IN FLIGHT- 8 Incapacitated Flight Attendant Incapacitated Flight Attendant, cont. C D E A320 PAX sits PAX sits _ in 1D in 30D A321 PAX sits PAX sits PAX sits in 1D in 27F in 13A FAM 40.05 ADDRESSING EMERGENCIES IN FLIGHT- 9 Incapacitated Flight Attendant  Incapacitated Pilot If a pilot becomes incapacitated, the remaining pilot will establish communication with the cabin and solicit assistance. One (1) of the Flight Attendants must proceed to the Flight Deck. The Flight Attendant must use the door access code to enter the Flight Deck. The remaining pilot cannot get up to open the door. FAM 40.05 ADDRESSING EMERGENCIES IN FLIGHT- Incapacitated Pilot 10  Incapacitated Pilot, cont. FAM 40.05 ADDRESSING EMERGENCIES IN FLIGHT- Incapacitated Pilot 11  Turbulence FAM 40.10 TURBULENCE 12  FAA Turbulence Video 13  Turbulence Turbulence is any instability in the atmosphere causing air to travel in irregular directions. FAM 40.10 TURBULENCE 14  Turbulence, cont. A Flight Attendant’s safety is the most important consideration. If Flight Attendant feel conditions in the cabin are more severe than anticipated, take a seat and notify Flight Deck. Ensure all galley items are secure if continuing service. If seatbelt sign has been on for long periods of time without turbulence, Flight Attendant should call the Flight Deck. In the event of any personal injury, notify the Flight Deck and follow-up with Inflight Leadership. FAM 40.10 TURBULENCE 15  Turbulence, cont. Discontinue/don’t begin service if turbulence is greater than light. Make “Turbulence Unsafe (In-flight Service Discontinued)” Announcement. If performing compliance check jeopardizes safety, Flight Attendants must be seated this includes final descent. Make the “Turbulence Unsafe (Final Descent)” Announcement. FAM 40.10 TURBULENCE 16  Four Types of Turbulence Aircraft is VIOLENTLY tossed about and is practically impossible to control. May cause structural damage. Occupants forced VIOLENTLY against seatbelt, unsecured objects tossed about. In- flight service and walking are impossible. Definite strain against seatbelt, unsecured objects move about. In-flight service and walking are difficult. Slight strain against seatbelt, loose objects remain at rest. Little or no difficulty in walking. FAM 40.10 TURBULENCE 17  Expected Turbulence FLIGHT DECK RESPONSE Advise FAs of turbulence and expected duration. At least 5 minutes prior, turn the seat belt sign “ON.” CABIN RESPONSE Continue in-flight service with caution; avoid serving hot liquids. If the seatbelt sign comes on: Make PA reinforcing the need for customers to be seated with seatbelts fastened. Monitor seatbelt compliance by visually checking that customer are seated with seatbelts securely fastened. FAM 40.10 TURBULENCE 18  Unexpected Turbulence FLIGHT DECK CABIN RESPONSE RESPONSE Ensure seatbelt sign is. Immediately stop all in-flight “ON.” service Make PA advising FAs Be seated with seatbelt and shoulder and customer to be harness secured, take nearest seat in seated immediately, the cabin or sit on the floor (if fasten seatbelts, and necessary.) discontinue service (or Make PA reinforcing need for as appropriate for the customer to be seated. situation.) If able, contact Flight Deck to advise that all crew members are seated. FAM 40.10 TURBULENCE 19  During Turbulent Conditions FLIGHT DECK CABIN RESPONSE RESPONSE Continue FA “A” continues communication communication with with Flight Deck on conditions. FAs as required and Remain seated until notified by the inform when Flight Deck that it is safe to resume turbulence conditions duties. have been suspended. Upon notification it is safe, check customers and cabin. FAM 40.10 TURBULENCE 20  Frontier Airlines Turbulence Related Injuries DEN to FLL: “A” Flight Attendant: broke leg in 2 areas. “B” Flight Attendant: neck strain and whip lash. PHF to DEN: “C” Flight Attendant: shoulder surgery. “B” Flight Attendant: 11 stitches in her head and a concussion. “C” Flight Attendant: neck sprain and in brace for 7 days. STL to DEN: “A” Flight Attendant: hip and lower back injury. “B” Flight Attendant: neck & rotator cuff sprain, dislocated pelvis, spinal column injury. “C” Flight Attendant: concussion, fractured L2 vertebrae & right side pelvic fracture resulting in back brace for 10 weeks “D” Flight Attendant: right leg injured and cut. FAM 40.10 TURBULENCE 21  Pressurization 101 On the ground, oxygen is dense and easy to breathe. As the aircraft climbs, oxygen becomes less dense making it harder to breathe. Aircraft remains pressurized by taking air from outside in through the engines, compressing it and feeding it into the cabin. 22  FAM 40.15 DECOMPRESSION 23  Decompression A loss of cabin pressure whereby the atmosphere inside the aircraft becomes equivalent to that of the altitude at which the aircraft is flying. There are two types of a decompression: Slow Decompression Rapid Decompression FAM 40.15 DECOMPRESSION-Types of Decompression 24  Decompression Procedures In the case of a decompression the immediate use of oxygen is critical. Immediately don the nearest oxygen mask. Sit down; fasten seat belt, or grasp a fixed object. Continue to hold on (anchor on to something.) FAM 40.15 DECOMPRESSION-Decompression Procedures 25  Decompression Procedures, cont. Remain seated and buckled in with oxygen mask on until the Flight Deck announces that it is safe to get up and move about the cabin. When safe, check lavatories, calm and reassure customers – administer first aid if needed. FAM 40.15 DECOMPRESSION-Decompression Procedures 26  “Grab a mask!” “Fasten Seatbelts!” FAM 40.15 DECOMPRESSION 27  A loss of cabin pressure Slow Decompression which occurs over an extended period of time. Often caused by: Air leak Malfunction of pressurization system First noticeable indication may be when cabin pressure reaches 14,000 feet and the oxygen masks drop. FAM 40.15 DECOMPRESSION-Types of Decompression 28  Slow Decompression 29  Air Leaks Notify the Flight Deck. Move customers away from the air leak. Do NOT place any articles in the source of the leak. If the leak is adjacent to a jumpseat, sit in a customer seat closest to the jumpseat for landing. Be aware of symptoms of hypoxia. FAM 40.15 DECOMPRESSION 30  Symptoms of Hypoxia Headache; lightheaded or dizzy sensations Respiratory changes/difficulties Excessive sleepiness/fatigue Nausea Blue coloring of skin/lips/fingernails Deterioration of the senses Euphoria (sense of well-being) Unconsciousness FAM 40.15 DECOMPRESSION-Physical Changes in Passengers and Crew FAM 25.20 MEDICAL EMERGENCIES AND TREATMENTS- 31 Hypoxia  Rapid Decompression A loss of cabin pressure following some failure of the fuselage such as a cracked windowpane, other structural damage, or a malfunction of the pressurization system. FAM 40.15 DECOMPRESSION-Types of Decompression 32  Rapid Decompression, cont. Indications: Structural damage Explosive noise Sudden decrease in air temperature Fogging in the cabin Rush of air and unsecured items towards opening FAM 40.15 DECOMPRESSION-Types of Decompression 33  Rapid Decompression, cont. Fuselage 1. damage 3. Flight 2. Attendant’s 4. body became a Fluid Hammer Flight Attendant Ejected Fuselage damage FAM 40.15 DECOMPRESSION-Types of Decompression 34  Southwest Airlines Rapid Decompression April 2011 35  FAM 40.15 DECOMPRESSION-Time of Useful Consciousness 36  Inadvertent Oxygen Mask Drop This is very rare to happen during flight; however, possible. Typically, this is limited to one or two compartments falling open. Advise the Flight Deck. Advise customers not to touch. Once oxygen is activated, the chemical canisters become very hot and should not be touched. Do NOT repack any masks. Allow compartment(s) to remain open. FAM 40.15 DECOMPRESSION-Time of Useful Consciousness 37  Flight Deck In the event of a cabin pressurization issue, pilots have the ability to descend from 39,000 feet to 18,000 feet in under 5 minutes. Remember, cabin altitude (below 8,000 feet) differs from actual flying altitude. FAM 40.15 DECOMPRESSION 38  FAM 40.20 FIRE 39  Soccer Stadium Fire 40  Fire Triangle Three elements required for fire. Together they produce the CHEMICAL REACTION that is fire. 41  Classes of Fire Material Flammable Electrical Liquid FAM 40.20 FIRE-Classification of Fires 42  Fire Extinguishers by Class FAM 40.20 FIRE-Classification of Fires 43  Fire Extinguisher Operation Review Turn handle clockwise to fully puncture the CO2 cartridge and to beak the tamper evident seal. Aim nozzle at the base of the flame. Depress the thumb lever. Sweeping motion, moving toward the fire. Press down on black lever safeguard to break wire clasp. Aim at base of fire, holding upright. Squeeze handles together to release the agent. Sweeping motion, moving toward the fire. FAM 35.10 CABIN EQUIPMENT 44  45 Characteristics of Fires Flame and light Smoke color and smell -Class A – ashy smell (gray/brown smoke) -Class B – burnt oil/petrol smell (black smoke) -Class C – distinct acrid smell (light grey or white smoke with bluish tinge) Noise Heat Hidden fires FAM 40.20 FIRE-Classification of Fires 45  Fire FL AS HO VE A fire will double in intensity every 30 seconds until all materials to fuel the fire are used. R On average, once an aircraft fire starts (in flight), that aircraft has less than 20 minutes to land before the aircraft becomes uncontrollable. One out of three of these aircraft will not make it to an airport safely. FAM 40.20 FIRE 46  Types of Cabin Fires Galley Overhead Bin Electrical Compartments Lavatory Seat Cushions Waste Portable Electronic Container Devices FAM 40.20 FIRE 47  Abnormal Conditions The presence of smoke or indication of fire is to be treated as an emergency, and appropriate procedures are to be implemented immediately. FAM 40.20 FIRE 48  49 Fire Indications Lavatory smoke detector activated Circuit breaker popped Hot spots Power failure(s) FAM 40.20 FIRE 49  50 Lavatory Smoke Detector Activated Check the lavatory for occupancy. Feel the door for heat by using the back of your hand. If the door is cool: o Open the door cautiously. o Check for presence of smoke/fire. o Use fire fighting procedures. FAM 40.20 FIRE-Fire Fighting Procedures 50  Hot Spots If the door is moderately hot: Open door cautiously, PBE may be advisable. Dispense Halon and follow fire fighting procedures. If the door is very hot: Keep lavatory door closed. Advise Flight Deck immediately. Soak material and block air vents in door. Move customers away from lavatory area. FAM 40.20 FIRE-Fire Fighting Procedures 51  Seat Fires Use seat cushion from another seat to smother flames and help inhibit flame height. Follow fire fighting procedures. FAM 40.20 FIRE-Fire Fighting Procedures 52  53 Trash Fire Remove receptacle to lavatory floor and wet down with Water Fire Extinguisher or non- flammable liquid. Water Fire Extinguisher should only be used once receptacle is removed from under the sink, Halon Fire Extinguisher will be used at all other times. FAM 40.20 FIRE 53  Trash Fire, cont. Trash flaps are a part of the fire suppression system: -NEVER prop open -Spring loaded FAM 40.20 FIRE 54  Galley Smoke or Fire Pull circuit breakers! If not possible, contact Flight Deck to turn off galley power. Always use halon fire extinguisher when fighting electrical or galley fire. FAM 40.20 FIRE-Galley Smoke/Fire 55  Other Types of In-flight Fires APU Torching Torching is a burst of flames expelled from aircraft’s APU. Similar to a car backfire, not dangerous. Reassure customers if advised torching is seen. Fluorescent Light Ballast Fire Should self extinguish, due to gas in bulb cavity. Once gas burns off, fire risk no longer present. Notify Flight Deck. Use halon fire extinguisher, if necessary. FAM 40.20 FIRE 56  Other Types of In-flight Fires, cont. Engine Torching Excess fuel in engine puddles in tailpipe and ignites, causing flames. Notify Flight Deck immediately and follow Flight Deck instructions. Tire or Brake Fire May follow a rejected take-off (RTO.) Assess exits and the cabin for signs of fire. FAM 40.20 FIRE 57  Hidden Fires FAM 40.20 FIRE-Hidden Fires 58  Hidden Fires FAM 40.20 FIRE-Hidden Fires 59  Fighting Hidden Fires Be aggressive; if flames are visible, fight the fire immediately. Someone must immediately notify the flight crew. When searching for the source of a fire, open storage compartments or doors very carefully. Relocate customers as necessary. FAM 40.20 FIRE-Hidden Fires 60  Fighting Hidden Fires, cont. If flames are not visible, find the base or source of the fire. Locate hot spots using the back of hands. Don’t reset circuit breakers, unless requested by the Captain. FAM 40.20 FIRE-Hidden Fires 61  Fire Fighting Duties Flight Attendant Obtain a fire extinguisher and smoke hood (Protective Breathing Equipment or PBE). Investigate assess type and severity of fire. Don PBE, if necessary and fight the fire. Once relieved, supplies additional fire extinguishers to the second Flight Attendant. FAM 40.20 FIRE-Fire Fighting Procedures 62  Fire Fighting Duties Flight Attendant Don PBE, obtain an additional fire extinguisher(s), and relieve the first Flight Attendant. Continue to fight the fire with supplies from the first Flight Attendant. FAM 40.20 FIRE-Fire Fighting Procedures 63  Fire Fighting Duties Flight Attendants Immediately notify the Flight Deck of: Location: Where is it? Severity: How bad is it? Smoke: Color, density, odor (helps identify fire). Steps Move taken: POBs away fromoffire. Methods fighting the Maintain fire? communication with the Flight Deck. Make PA to calm and reassure customers. Instruct customers to breathe through clothing. FAM 40.20 FIRE-Fire Fighting Procedures 64  Cabin PED/Lithium Ion Battery Fires 65  Lithium-Ion Battery Fire Laptop computer batteries can malfunction and overheat causing the battery pack to catch fire. Battery packs can hold 6-9 lithium-ion cells. Each cell can catch fire independently of one another. At 350 degrees Fahrenheit cells will reach “thermal runaway.” At this point the battery cells become a hazard and could ignite and/or explode. FAM 40.20 FIRE-Lithium-Ion Battery Fires 66  Fire Containment Bag The Fire Containment Bag is used in the event of overheating Personal Electronic Devices (PEDs). FAM 35.10 CABIN EQUIPMENT- Fire Containment Bag 5/20/2024 FAM 40.20 FIRE-Lithium-Ion Battery Fires 67  Fire Containment Bag Should an electronic device with a lithium-ion battery (e.g., vaping pen, iPad, smartphone, portable power pack, etc.) become overheated or catch fire on board, the crew should follow the steps outlined in FAM 40.20 Emergency Procedures – Lithium Ion Battery Fires. FAM 35.10 CABIN EQUIPMENT- Fire Containment Bag 5/20/2024 FAM 40.20 FIRE-Lithium-Ion Battery Fires 68 68  Fire Containment Bag Step 1: If the device is overheating proceed to step 6 below. FAM 35.10 CABIN EQUIPMENT- Fire Containment Bag 5/20/2024 FAM 40.20 FIRE-Lithium-Ion Battery Fires 69  Fire Containment Bag Step 2: If the device has caught fire, remove all passengers from the fire’s location. FAM 35.10 CABIN EQUIPMENT- Fire Containment Bag 5/20/2024 FAM 40.20 FIRE-Lithium-Ion Battery Fires 70  Fire Containment Bag Step 3: Locate and retrieve the onboard fire extinguishers. FAM 35.10 CABIN EQUIPMENT- Fire Containment Bag 5/20/2024 FAM 40.20 FIRE-Lithium-Ion Battery Fires 71 5/20/2024 Fire Containment Bag Step 4-5: Aim the Water Fire Extinguisher and discharge the cooling agent (water) to put out all the flames. Step 6: Retrieve the plastic bag that contains the Fire Containment Bag and Fire Resistant Gloves. Step 7: After the fire is extinguished, place the Fire Containment Bag next to the device, avoid any intense heat or smoke. FAM 35.10 CABIN EQUIPMENT- Fire Containment Bag FAM 40.20 FIRE-Lithium-Ion Battery Fires 72 72 5/20/2024 Fire Containment Bag Step 8: Don the Fire Resistant Gloves found in the bag. Step 9: Place device in bag and seal shut, if safe to do so. The Fire Containment Bag will contain the device in case the battery reignites. Step 10: Place bag face down on galley floor (logo side down), continue to monitor bag. Keep customer away from area. FAM 35.10 CABIN EQUIPMENT- Fire Containment Bag FAM 40.20 FIRE-Lithium-Ion Battery Fires 73 73 5/20/2024 Fire Containment Bag Step 11: Leave the malfunctioning device in the Fire Containment Bag for the remainder of the flight. Step 12: Once sterile begins and Flight Deck has been cleared for landing, place bag face down (logo side down) on nearest lavatory floor, lock off lavatory, and notify Captain of the location of the device. FAM 35.10 CABIN EQUIPMENT- Fire Containment Bag FAM 40.20 FIRE-Lithium-Ion Battery Fires 74 74 5/20/2024 Fire Containment Bag Step 10: Leave the malfunctioning device in the Fire Containment Bag for the remainder of the flight. FAM 35.10 CABIN EQUIPMENT- Fire Containment Bag FAM 40.20 FIRE-Lithium-Ion Battery Fires 75 75  Steps if Fire Containment Bag is NOT on the aircraft FAM 40.20 FIRE-Lithium-Ion Battery Fires 76 Step 1: Remove all customers from the fire’s location. Step 2: Locate and retrieve the onboard fire extinguishers. Step 3: Aim the Water Fire Extinguisher and discharge the cooling agent (water) to put out all the flames. Step 4: After the fire is extinguished, continue to monitor the Lithium Ion Battery. Step 5: Ensure the fire fighting agents are available in case the fire reignites. Step 6: Do not move the device. By moving the device you put yourself and others at risk. Step 7: Do not attempt to extinguish the fire by smothering or covering the device (e.g., with a clothing or a bag of ice). FAM 40.20 FIRE-Lithium-Ion Battery Fires 77  Lithium Ion Battery Post Fire Procedure Lithium battery is now considered hazmat. Follow up with an Incident Report within 24 hours. Cabin Condition Report Potential Witness Reports. FAM 40.20 FIRE-Lithium-Ion Battery Fires 78  Post Fire Procedures Smoke Control Inform customers to stay below the smoke. Give dampened towels to passengers to breathe through. If no towels, have customers cover nose and mouth, and breathe through their clothes. Reseat customers. Administer first aid. Saturate and monitor fire area. FAM 40.20 FIRE-Post Fire Containment 79  Smoke Control Procedures “Cover your nose and mouth” “Get below the smoke” FAM 40.20 FIRE 80 Smoke Control Procedures in the Flight Deck If smoke is confirmed the Flight Deck will: Don oxygen at 100% emergency. Avoid interphone. Turn off cabin fans. Turn off galley circuits. Initiate descent to 10,000 ft. FAM 40.20 FIRE-Fire Fighting Procedures 81  Preparing For and Preventing Fires Preflight all emergency equipment. Preflight galley trash flaps and trash cart. Preflight lavatories: Auto-Halon fire extinguishers. Trash receptacle flaps. No items (paper products) stowed below sink. FAM 40.20 FIRE 82  Preparing For and Preventing Fires, cont. Watch items that are brought onboard. Matches, lighters or vape pens out during flight. Remain aware of surroundings, particularly the lavatories. Provide as much information as possible when reporting a problem. FAM 40.20 FIRE 83  Unusual Situations 84  Heating/Cooling of the Aircraft Any time that an aircraft is being heated or cooled while on the ground at least one (1) floor level exit must remain open. 85  Smoke Condensation from Air Pack A vapor resembling smoke may be produced when the air conditioning system creates more moisture than can be carried off by the ducts. Common in humid cities. Notify Flight Deck so pack can be shut off. Monitor area and keep Captain advised. Contact Flight Deck to confirm source. Reassure customers FAM 40.20 FIRE-Smoke Condensation from Air Pack 86  Inoperative PA System FAM 40.25 UNUSUAL SITUATIONS 87  Inoperative Interphone System FAM 40.08 CREW COMMUNICATION 88  Rejected Takeoff A takeoff that is discontinued prior to reaching takeoff speed. Possible causes are engine trouble or runway traffic. Continental Airline Flight #603 March 1, 1978 FAM 40.25 UNUSUAL SITUATIONS-Rejected Takeoff 89  Rejected Takeoff Procedure Flight Deck will command: “Remain Seated! Remain Seated! Remain Seated!” Flight Attendant procedure is to command the customers to “Remain Seated! Remain Seated!” while assessing conditions at primary exit and surrounding area. If imminent danger exists – follow EVACUATION procedures. FAM 40.25 UNUSUAL SITUATIONS-Rejected Takeoff 90  Emergency Evacuation & Rejected Takeoff US Airways – March 2014 (Revisited 2016) 91  Rejected Takeoff (RTO) Unwarranted Emergency Evacuation FAM 40.25 UNUSUAL SITUATIONS-Rejected Takeoff 92 Jetway Malfunction – 2R Alternate (A320) and 4R Alternate (A321) Air Maroc – Fire at gate FAM 40.25 UNUSUAL SITUATIONS 93  Aircraft Odors and Reporting 94  Aircraft Odors and Reporting Flight Attendants should: Have a good overview of odor events, and likely causes. Know what is normal: where and when odors may be likely to be encountered. Remember that “transitory” means short term. Reportable odors are much more serious, and require timely reporting. FAM 40.25 UNUSUSAL SITUATIONS-Cabin Odors 95 96  Use of Human Senses Cabin crew and customers may hear abnormal (snapping, Sense of crackling) noises and should report them. These noises Hearing could be caused by electrical arcing of wiring. When trying to find the source of smoke, the cabin crew Sense of should use the back of their hands to check the Touch temperature and/or heat of the various panels and/or doors. The different panels located throughout the cabin will help Sense of the cabin crew to detect the presence of smoke in the Vision aircraft. Sense of Abnormal odors as outlined on the Odor Source Table may Smell indicate the presence of smoke. 97  Aircraft Odor Review Aircraft odors can originate from many areas, so it is important to understand the different odor types. Some odor sources may include: Aircraft External:defect: Internal Knowing the the de-icing (Cabin): source fluid, coffee phase ofof flight the from exhaust makers, odor could other trashisor also be the APU aircraft rotting or in engine, or ground food with equipment, trash bins, thepollution, odorfood customer ultimately or important entering ingested other the birds, customer when engine items, identifying air-conditioning wash system. residue customers an or pollen. themselves, odor. sources, dry ice, aircraft lavatories, electrical or cargo. FAM 40.25 UNUSUSAL SITUATIONS-Cabin Odors 98  At the Gate 99  De-Icing the Aircraft Taxi Out 100  Takeoff, Climb, and Cruise 101  Top of Descent Landing and Taxi In 102  Abnormal Conditions Chances are very good that if you are experiencing an event affecting the air quality, the pilots are aware of the same thing. Contact the Flight Deck. Be specific in your communications. Follow Fight Deck’s instructions. Follow procedures for emergencies as outlined in the Flight Attendant Manual (FAM). 103  Post Flight Requirements If a Flight Attendant desires medical attention: Inform the Captain as soon as possible. Required to be taken to the nearest emergency room for diagnosis and treatment. Must contact his/her supervisor upon landing. Must complete the Cabin Odor Report and the Incident Report within 24 hours. FAM 40.25 UNUSUSAL SITUATIONS-Cabin Odors 104  Learning Objectives ✓ Be familiar with the Emergency Procedures chapter in the Flight Attendant Manual (FAM). ✓ Be familiar with the communication systems during emergencies. ✓ Understand the chain of command as well as specific duties during emergency situations. ✓ Be familiar with the appropriate responses for emergencies such as turbulence, decompression, fire and crew incapacitation. ✓ Be able to identify and report various odors throughout all phases of flight. ✓ Pass the emergency procedures exam. 105