Medical Terminology Roots PDF

Roots Root Meaning(s) abdomin/o abdomen aden/o gland adip/o fat amnio amnion andr/o male; man angi/o vessel aque/o watery arteri/o artery arteriol/o arteriole arthr/o joint...

Roots Root Meaning(s) abdomin/o abdomen aden/o gland adip/o fat amnio amnion andr/o male; man angi/o vessel aque/o watery arteri/o artery arteriol/o arteriole arthr/o joint 5 Examples Angiography: An Abdominoplasty: cosmetic examination of blood vessels surgery of the abdomen via radiographic study Aqueous solution A solution in which water is the solvent Adenoma: Benign tumor of Arteriosclerosis Thickening, glandular tissue and hardening of arterial walls Adiponectin: a hormone Arterioles: small blood vessels adipose/fat tissue releases that that carry blood from heart, are helps with insulin sensitivity connectors between arteries and Amniotic fluid: a liquid that capillaries. surrounds the fetus Arthritis swelling and Androgens sex hormones tenderness of one or more joints contribute to body development All genders make androgens, but males make more of them Roots Root Meaning(s) calc/i calcium capnia carbon dioxide carcin/o cancer cardi/o heart carp/o wrist bones cephal/o head cerebr/o cerebrum cirrh/o yellow chol/e bile; gall bladder cholangi/o bile duct cholecyst/o gall bladder 7 Examples Cerebrovascular diseases Hypercalciuria excess Conditions affecting blood vessels calcium in the urine in the brain Hypocapnia: abnormally low Liver Cirrhosis Fibrosis carbon dioxide in the blood (damage) of liver Carcinogen: Cancer causing osis = abnormal condition suffix gen=producing Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) pressure on a wrist nerve Cholecystectomy Surgical removal of the gall bladder Cholangiocarcinoma bile duct cancer Cephalohematoma blood collecting between a newborn's scalp and skull Roots Root Meaning(s) chondr/o cartilage coagul/o clotting cochle/o cochlea col/o colon colp/o vagina (sheath) conjuctiv/o conjunctiva cor/o; coron/o heart corne/o cornea cost/o rib crani/o cranium; skull 9 Examples Conjunctivitis: Chondromalacia: Softening Conjunctiva inflammation of the cartilage Corneal ulcer a sore on Coagulopathy cornea Pathy: disease either excessive bleeding or clotting Cochlear implant surgery Coronary Angioplasty a A small electronic device that electrically surgery to widen blocked coronary arteries stimulates cochlear nerve (hearing nerve) Colitis is a chronic Intercostal pertaining to inflammation of the colon. between ribs Colpotomy incision that is made Cranial Nerves in the wall of the vagina Roots Root Meaning(s) cry/o cold cut/o; cuti; cutane/o skin cyan/o blue cyst/o bladder; sac‫كيس‬ cyt/o cell dacry/o tears dent tooth derm/o; dermat/o skin dipl/o two; double dips/o thirst 11  Examples Dacryocystitis: Cryotherapy use of extreme inflammation of the cold to freeze abnormal tissue nasolacrimal sac Dental floss Subcutaneous: Pertaining to Dermatologist: Specialist in below the skin the study of diseases of the skin Cyanosis bluish skin Diplopia double vision Cystitis inflammation of bladder Lymphocytopenia lymph/o = lymph Polydipsia: Condition of cyt/o = cell excessive thirst penia = decreased number poly = many or excessive An abnormally reduced dips/o = thirst number of lymphocytes ia = condition of Roots Root Meaning(s) duoden/o duodenum dur/a dura mater electr/o electricity embry/o embryo encephal/o brain enter/o intestines eosin/o; erythr/o red epididym/o epididymis episi/o vulva esophag/o esophagus 13 Examples Gastroenteritis Inflammation Duodenectomy: Surgical of the lining of stomach and removal (excision) of all or part intestines. of the duodenum. Epidural: Pertaining to above the dura mater Erythrocyte Red blood cells (RBCs) Epididymal cyst a harmless Electrolytes body minerals fluid-filled sac on a testicle that have an electric charge Episiotomy a cut (incision) Embryology science of the made between vaginal opening formation & development of and anus during childbirth embryo Esophagoscopy Encephalopathy brain disease, damage, or malfunction. a procedure of looking Hepatic encephalopathy?! inside esophagus. Roots Root Meaning(s) esthesi/o sensation fasci/o fascia femor/o femur fet/o; fet/i fetus fibul/o fibula fund/o fundus gastr/o stomach gingiv/o gums glauc/o silver; gray gli/o nerve cell glomerul/o glomerulus 15 Examples Funduscopic examination: Anesthesia: controlled, uses a magnifying lens and a light temporary loss of sensation to check eye fundus Plantar fasciitis inflammation of plantar fascia Glaucoma a progressive condition that damages eye's optic nerve Glioblastoma Gli: Nerve cell Femoral vein a large vein in Blast: germ or bud the thigh Oma: condition Fetal position an aggressive cancer that can occur in the brain or spinal cord Fibular fracture Glomerular filtration first step in making urine (break) Roots Root Meaning(s) gloss/o tongue gluc/o; glyc/o glucose; sugar gonad/o sex glands gravid/a; gravid/o pregnancy gyn/o; gyn/e; gynec/o woman hemat/o; hem/o blood hemangi/o blood vessel hepat/o liver hidr/o sweat hormone/o hormone; an urging on 5 Examples Hematemesis: Bloody vomit Glossalgia: pain in tongue Hemorrhage: loss of blood Hyperglycemia: from a damaged blood hyper = above or excessive vessel‫نزيف‬ glyc/o = glucose, sugar Hepatomegaly Enlargement emia = blood of the liver Gonadotropins hormones Hyperhidrosis: abnormally that regulate ovarian and excessive sweating testicular function Hormonal acne acne breakouts due to hormone fluctuations Nulligravida: Female who has never been pregnant Compare to multigravida! Hydrocele: A hernia of fluid in Gynecologist: A physician testis or tubes leading from testis specializing in reproductive Hydrophobic? system of women Roots Root Meaning(s) hydr/o water; fluid hyster/o uterus ile/o; ili/o ileum immune/o protection jejun/o jejunum kal/i potassium kerat/o cornea ket/o; keton/o ketone bodies kinesi/o movement Ketone bodies are produced by the liver and used as an energy source when glucose is not readily available. 7 Examples Keratoplasty The surgical Hysterectomy Surgical repair of Cornea removal of the uterus Ileostomy: a surgically made opening that Ketoacidosis: ket/o = ketone bodies acid connects ileum to osis = abnormal condition abdominal wall. serious complication of diabetes (body running out of insulin produces high levels of Autoimmune: Body's blood acids called ketones) immune (protection) system attacks its own healthy tissues. Akinesia Loss of normal Jejunal feeding muscle movement Bradykinesia? Hypokalemia: Low blood potassium  Roots Root Meaning(s) lacrim/o tears lact/o milk lapar/o abdominal wall laryng/o larynx lingua tongue lip/o fat lith/o stone lymph/o lymph The lymphatic system is a network of tissues, vessels and organs that work together to move a colorless, watery fluid called lymph back into circulatory system (bloodstream) 9 Examples Liposuction a surgery that Lacrimation: The process of uses a suction technique to secreting tears remove fat from body areas Lactogenic hormone Lithotripsy: Surgical or Milk producing hormone shock wave disintegration or Laparoscopy a surgical crushing of kidney stones procedure allowing surgeon to look into inside the abdomen Laryngitis inflammation of the voice box (larynx) Non-Hodgkin lymphoma a type of cancer that affects Sublingual under the the lymphatic system tongue Roots Root Meaning(s) mamm/o; mast/o breast melan/o, melen black men/o menses; menstruation mening/o; meningi/o meninges (membrane) morph/o form; shape muc/o mucus my/o muscle myc/o fungus 11  Examples Mucolytic Mammogram: An x-ray of Muco: Mucus the breast Lytic: breakdown medicines hat loosen sputum, Melena: The passage of black making it easier to cough it up tarry stools (GI hemorrhage) Meningitis: an inflammation of protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. Menopause time of the end of a menstrual cycles (periods) Myalgia: muscle aches/pain Polymorphism is the ability of a Onychomycosis substance to crystallize into different crystalline forms onych/o = nail myc/o = fungus osis = abnormal Fungal infection of the nail Chloramphenicol  Roots Root Meaning(s) myel/o bone marrow; spinal cord myring/o eardrum narc/o sleep nas/o nose nat/o; natal birth; delivery nephr/o kidney neur/o nerve noct/o; nyctal/o night ocul/o; ophthalm/o; opt/o eye onych/o nail 13 Examples Nephropathy deterioration of Osteomyelitis kidney function oste/o = bone pathy: disease myel/o = bone marrow or Neuropathy damage or spinal cord dysfunction of nerves itis = inflammation Inflammation of the bone and Nocturia a condition in which bone marrow you wake up during the night Myringitis: Inflammation of because you have to urinate. the ear drum Narcolepsy: a condition that causes a person to suddenly fall asleep at inappropriate times Exopthalmia : protuberance of the eye Nasal discharge: Nasal secretions Onychomycosis Neonate: A child < 28 days Fungal infection of the nail Roots Root Meaning(s) or/o mouth orch/o; orchi/o; orchid/o testis; testicle orth/o straight oste/o bone ot/o ear oxi oxygen pancreat/o pancreas par/o; part/o bear; labor; childbirth patell/o kneecap 15  Examples Hypoxemia Too little Oral route Oral drug oxygen in the blood administration Orchiopexy Surgical Pancreatectomy surgery to treatment of an undescended remove part or all pancreas. testicle Orthostatic hypotension low Postpartum depression blood pressure when standing is a type of depression that after sitting or lying down happens after giving birth Osteoblast: bone-forming cell Patella dislocation when the kneecap pops sideways out of its Otitis media inflammation vertical groove at the knee joint located in the middle ear