Philippine Culture & Tourism Geography PDF

PHILIPPINE CULTURE & TOURISM GEOGRAPHY  Learning Objectives: To identify basic facts and general information about the Philippines. Name and describe the three main geographical divisions of the Philippines, national language, religion and other significant matters related to our lan...

PHILIPPINE CULTURE & TOURISM GEOGRAPHY  Learning Objectives: To identify basic facts and general information about the Philippines. Name and describe the three main geographical divisions of the Philippines, national language, religion and other significant matters related to our language, people and culture.  The Philippine national flag has a rectangular design that consists of Flag White equilateral triangle, symbolizing Liberty, Equality and Fraternity Blue horizontal stripe for peace, truth, and justice; Red horizontal stripe for Patriotism and Valor White triangle has an eight-rayed golden sun symbolizing unity, freedom, people's democracy, and sovereignty. Each ray represents a province with significant involvement in the 1896 Philippine Revolution against Spain; these provinces are Batangas, Bulacan, Cavite, Manila, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga and Tarlac.  Three five-pointed stars, Luzon, Visayas Mindanao Flag Flag was first raised in Alapan, Imus, Cavite on May 28, 1898, citing Presidential Proclamation No. 374, issued by then-President Diosdado Macapagal on March 6, 1965 Embroidered words, Libertad, Justicia and Igualdad (Liberty, Justice, and Equality) on one side of the flag and Fuerzas Expedicionarias del Norte de Luzon (Expeditionary forces of Northern Luzon) on the other May 28, 1898, Marcela Marino de Agoncillo, Lorenza Agoncillo, and Delfina Herbosa de Natividad sew the first ever Philippine flag and was flown in battle. Motto: Maka-Diyos, Maka-Tao, Makakalikasan, at Makabansa, "For God, People, Nature and Country“, (Latin: Pro Deo Populi Natura et Patria) Anthem: Lupang Hinirang “ Chosen Land” Julian Felipe in Jose Palma, 1898, Author of the Lyrics Composer  "Lupang Hinirang" began as incidental music which President Emilio Aguinaldo commissioned for use in the proclamation of Philippine independence from Spain. This task was given to Julian Felipe and was to replace a march which Aguinaldo had deemed unsatisfactory. The original title of this new march was "Marcha Filipina-Magdalo" (Philippine- Magdalo March), and was later changed to "Marcha Nacional Filipina" (Philippine National March) upon its adoption as the national anthem of the First Philippine Republic on June 11, 1898, a day before independence was to be proclaimed. Felipe said that he had based his composition on three other musical pieces: the "Marcha Real", which is the current Spanish national anthem; the "Grand March" from Guiseppe Verdi's Aida; and the French national anthem, "La Marsellaise" It was played by the Banda San Francisco de Malabón (now called the Banda Matanda, from present-day General Trias) during the proclamation rites on June 12.  The Great Seal of the Philippines (Filipino: Dakilang Sagisag ng Pilipinas) is used to authenticate official documents of the Philippine government. It may refer to the physical seal itself or the design impressed upon it. Under the law, the President of the Philippines is given the custody to the seal. Capital: Manila (de jure), Metro Manila (de facto) Largest City: Quezon City Official Languages: Filipino , English Recognized regional Languages: 19 Languages Government: Unitary Presidential Republic President: Ferdinand “BongBong” R. Marcos Vice Pres.: Sara Duterte Senate President: Francis Escudero House Speaker: Martin Romualdez Chief Justice: Alexander Gesmundo Legislature: Congress Upper House: Senate Lower House: House of Representative Pre-Spanish History The Filipinos of the 15th century must have engaged primarily in shifting cultivation, hunting, and fishing. Thee lowland peoples lived in extended kinship groups known as barangays each under the leadership of a datu, or chieftain. A powerful datu as far north as Manila embraced Islam. Spanish Period The Portuguese navigator and explorer Ferdinand Magellan headed the first Spanish foray to the Philippines when he made landfall on Visayas in March 1521. After King Philip II had dispatched three further expeditions that ended in disaster, he sent Miguel López de Legazpi, who established the first permanent Spanish settlement, in Cebu, in 1565. The Spanish city of Manila was founded in 1571.  19th Century Nationalism and a passion for reform blossomed in the liberal atmosphere. Out of this talented group of overseas Filipino students arose what came to be known as the Propaganda Movement. La Solidaridad, which began publication in 1889, it was a publication of Filipinos in Spain In 1892 Rizal returned home and formed the Liga Filipina, a modest reform-minded society.  19th Century Shocked by the arrest of Rizal in 1892, these activists quickly formed the Katipunan under the leadership of Andres Bonifacio. Spaniards colonized the Philippines for 333 years. After which, it was them colonized by the Americans.  The Philippine Revolution A government was formed on the basis of that constitution in January 1899, with Aguinaldo as president of the new country, popularly known as the “Malolos Republic.” The Treaty of Paris (1898) officially ended the period of Spanish colonization in the Philippines and granted possession of Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines to the United States. It also required that the United States pay $20 million USD in recompense to the Spanish government. Topography of the Philippines Geography and environment The highest mountain is Mount Apo, located on the island of Mindanao. The longest river is the Cagayan River in northern Luzon, measuring about 520 kilometers (320 mi). Manila Bay, upon the shore of which the capital city of Manila lies, is connected to Laguna de Bay, the largest lake in the Philippines, by the Pasig River. The Puerto Princesa Subterranean River, which runs 8.2 kilometers (5.1 mi) underground through a karst landscape before reaching the ocean, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.  Mayon is an active stratovolcano, located in the south of the island of Luzon Situated on the western fringes of the Pacific Ring of Fire, the Philippines experiences frequent seismic and volcanic activity. The Philippine region is seismically active and has been progressively constructed by plates converging towards each other in multiple directions. The last major earthquakes were the 1976 Moro Gulf earthquake and the 1990 Luzon earthquake.  There are many active volcanoes such as Mayon, Mount Pinatubo, and Taal Volcano. The eruption of Mount Pinatubo in June 1991 produced the second largest terrestrial eruption of the 20th century. The Philippines is the world's second-biggest geothermal energy producer behind the United States, with 18% of the country's electricity needs being met by geothermal power. The Philippines is thought to have the second-largest gold deposits after South Africa, along with a large amount of copper deposits, and the world's largest deposits of palladium. Biodiversity With an estimated 13,500 plant species in the country, 3,200 of which are unique to the islands, Philippine rainforests have an array of flora, including many rare types of orchids and rafflesia. Large reptiles include the Philippine crocodile and saltwater crocodile. The largest crocodile in captivity, known locally as Lolong, was captured in the southern island of Mindanao, and died on February 10, 2013, from pneumonia and cardiac arrest. Climate The Philippines has a tropical maritime climate that is usually hot and humid. There are three seasons: a hot dry season from March to May; a rainy season from June to November; and a cool dry season from December to February. The southwest monsoon lasts from May to October and the northeast monsoon from November to April. The coolest month is January; the warmest is May. In considering temperature, location in terms of latitude and longitude is not a significant factor, and temperatures at sea level tend to be in the same range. Philippine Presidents Government and Politics Philippine Presidents  Rodrigo ROA Duterte Gloria Macapagal Arroyo  Government and politics President Vice President Bongbong Marcos Sara Duterte  The Philippines has a democratic government in the form of a constitutional republic with a presidential system. The president functions as both head of state and head of government and is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. The president is elected by direct election for a single six- year term. The president appoints and presides over the cabinet. Malacañang Palace is the official residence of the president of the Philippines.  The bicameral Congress is composed of the Senate, serving as the upper house, with members elected to a six-year term, and the House of Representatives, serving as the lower house, with members elected to a three-year term. Senators are elected at-large while the representatives are elected from both legislative districts and through sectoral representation. The judicial power is vested in the Supreme Court, composed of a chief justice as its presiding officer and fourteen associate justices, all of whom are appointed by the president from nominations submitted by the Judicial and Bar Council. There have been attempts to change the government to a federal, unicameral, or parliamentary government since the Ramos administration.  Demographics The first official census in the Philippines was carried out in 1877 and recorded a population of 5,567,685. Life expectancy at birth is 69.4 years, 73.1 years for females and 65.9 years for males. Ethnic groups Languages Language Speakers Tagalog 24.44% 22,512,089 Cebuano 21.35% 19,665,453 Ilokano 8.77% 8,074,536 Hiligaynon 8.44% 7,773,655 Waray 3.97% 3,660,645 Other local languages/dialects 26.09% 24,027,005 Other foreign languages/dialects 0.09% 78,862 Not reported/not stated 0.01% 6,450 TOTAL 92,097,978 Source: Philippine Statistics Authority Religion The Philippines is a secular state which protects freedom of religion. Christianity is the dominant faith, shared by about 89% of the population. Around 37% of the population regularly attend Mass. 29% of self-identified Catholics The historical Paoay Church in Ilocos consider themselves very religious. Norte. Declared as a National Cultural Treasure by the Philippine government in 1973 and a UNESCO World Heritage Site under the collective group of Baroque Churches of the Philippines in 1993. Cuisine Introduction of Filipino food to people of other nationalities, as well as to Filipino urbanites, has popularized kamayan. This recent trend also sometimes incorporates the "boodle fight" concept (as popularized and coined by the Philippine Army), wherein banana leaves are used as giant plates on top of which rice portions and Filipino viands are placed all together for a filial, friendly or communal kamayan feasting. The three meals that Filipinos eat each day—breakfast, lunch, and dinner—are supplemented by meryenda, or snacks.  Activity No.1- Drawing of Philippine Map Draw the Philippine map on an A4 sheet of paper. You can use a Philippine map as your guide or a pirnt out of map for tracing. Each region should have different color for each. No need to write the provinces in the map. On a separate sheet of paper, write the different provinces together with its capital. The table can be printed but the provinces should be written. This activity is worth 100 points. Attached is the sample drawing and table for your reference.  Rubrics CRITERIA 10 8 6 3 The map includes clearly The map includes clearly The map is missing The map is missing most labeled regions; most Map Elements labeled regions and some regions and other regions and other are accurate and easy to other appropriate labels. appropriate labels. appropriate labels. read. All labels are included All labels are included All but one or two labels Several labels are not and are carefully placed. and most are carefully are included, several are included, most are Physical Features/ Regions are carefully placed. Regions are inaccurately placed. inaccurately placed. Content drawn and are colored carefully drawn and are appropriately. colored appropriately. The map is neat and The map readable, 1-2 The map is somehow The map is difficult to readable. The map is provinces/ regions can readable, 3-4 provinces/ read or understand. Neatness of Map easily identifiable to the be distinguished with regions can be Gives the reader no reader. some help. distinguished with some clues or ideas of what it help. is. Very colorful and clean Some colors are used; Limited use of color; Limited or no use of Visual Appeal looking; labels are easy most labels are easy to labels are somehow color; labels are very to read. read. difficult to read. difficult to read. End of Presentation ☺