Philippines Quiz: Culture and History

The original title of the Philippine national anthem, composed by Julian Felipe.

The current name of the Philippine national anthem, adopted by the First Philippine Republic in 1898.

The Portuguese navigator who arrived in the Philippines in 1521, marking the beginning of Spanish influence.

The Spanish conquistador who established the first permanent Spanish settlement in the Philippines in 1565.

The Spanish city established in 1571, which became the center of Spanish rule in the Philippines.

The traditional Filipino social organization, primarily based on kinship ties, led by a chieftain.

A powerful Filipino chieftain, known for embracing Islam, who resided in the area of present-day Manila.

A type of agriculture where farmers cultivate land for a period and then move to fresh areas, often practiced in pre-colonial Philippines.

The Philippine national flag is rectangular with a white equilateral triangle, symbolizing liberty, equality, and fraternity. It features a blue horizontal stripe for peace, truth, and justice, a red stripe for patriotism and valor, and an eight-rayed golden sun signifying unity, freedom, democracy, and sovereignty.

The three stars on the white triangle of the flag represent the three major islands of the Philippines: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao.

The eight rays of the sun on the Philippine flag symbolize the eight provinces that played a vital role in the 1896 Philippine Revolution against Spain. These are: Batangas, Bulacan, Cavite, Manila, Laguna, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, and Tarlac.

The Philippine national anthem, "Lupang Hinirang" (Chosen Land), is a powerful symbol of national pride and identity. It was composed by Julian Felipe in 1898 and its lyrics were written by Jose Palma.

The Philippine national anthem was originally commissioned by President Emilio Aguinaldo to be played during the declaration of Philippine independence from Spain in 1898. It was intended to replace a march that Aguinaldo had found unsatisfactory.

The national motto of the Philippines is "Maka-Diyos, Maka-Tao, Makakalikasan, at Makabansa" (For God, People, Nature, and Country). This motto reflects the Filipino values of faith, humanity, environmentalism, and national pride.

The motto, "Maka-Diyos, Maka-Tao, Makakalikasan, at Makabansa" is sometimes translated as "Pro Deo Populi Natura et Patria" in Latin.

Filipino culture is renowned for its strong family values, warmth, hospitality, and resilience. Filipinos place high importance on community, relationships, and respect for elders. They are known for their vibrant festivals, delicious cuisine, and love for music and dance.

A reform movement initiated by Filipino intellectuals in Spain, advocating for greater autonomy and rights within the Spanish colonial system.

A newspaper published by Filipinos in Spain during the Propaganda Movement, serving as a platform for their calls for reform and representation.

A reformist organization founded by Jose Rizal in the Philippines, advocating for gradual change and civic engagement.

A revolutionary organization formed after the arrest of Jose Rizal, aiming for complete independence from Spanish rule.

A major period of armed conflict between Filipino revolutionaries and Spanish colonial forces, leading to the eventual establishment of the First Philippine Republic.

The First Philippine Republic, established in 1899 after the Philippine Revolution, with Emilio Aguinaldo as president.

A treaty signed in 1898 that officially ended Spanish rule in the Philippines and transferred the country to U.S. control.

The tallest mountain in the Philippines, located on the island of Mindanao.

The Philippines has a democratic government with a president who serves as both head of state and head of government. The president is directly elected for a single six-year term and appoints the cabinet.

The Philippines has a bicameral Congress, meaning it has two houses: the Senate and the House of Representatives. Senators serve six-year terms and are elected nationwide, while Representatives serve three-year terms and are elected from districts and sectors.

The Philippines has a tropical maritime climate with hot, humid weather and three distinct seasons: a hot dry season, a rainy season, and a cool dry season.

The Philippines is known for its rich biodiversity, with an estimated 13,500 plant species, including numerous orchids and rare rafflesia flowers. Large reptiles like the Philippine crocodile and saltwater crocodile also inhabit the country.

The Philippines is believed to have the second-largest gold deposits in the world, after South Africa, and significant copper deposits. The country is also known for having the world's largest deposits of palladium.

Malacañang Palace is the official residence of the President of the Philippines.

The Philippine President appoints and presides over the cabinet, which is the group of officials responsible for different government departments.

The Philippine President is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces, meaning they have ultimate authority over the military.

A communal Filipino meal where food is placed on banana leaves and eaten with the hands.

A Filipino snack, typically eaten between meals.

A Filipino custom of eating with hands, often used during special events.

A type of communal meal popular in the Philippines, where food is placed on banana leaf platters and eaten with the hands.

The three main meals eaten by Filipinos: breakfast, lunch, and dinner, are supplemented by meryenda.

The highest court in the Philippine judicial system, composed of a chief justice and fourteen associate justices appointed by the president.

The process of appointing judges to the Supreme Court involves nominations from the Judicial and Bar Council and final selection by the president.

The Philippines is a secular state that guarantees freedom of religion, with Christianity being the dominant faith practiced by about 89% of the population.

With a population exceeding 92 million, the Philippines experienced its first official census in 1877, recording approximately 5.57 million people.

The Philippines has a diverse linguistic landscape, with Tagalog being the most widely spoken language, followed by Cebuano, Ilokano, and Hiligaynon.

The traditional Filipino dish "kamayan" is becoming increasingly popular, involving eating with bare hands, reflecting a cultural practice prevalent in Filipino cuisine.

The historical Paoay Church in Ilocos Norte, recognized as a national treasure and a UNESCO World Heritage Site, exemplifies the beauty and significance of Baroque churches in the Philippines.

Life expectancy in the Philippines is 69.4 years, with women living an average of 73.1 years and men 65.9 years.