Philippine Culture & Tourism Geography PDF

PHILIPPINE CULTURE AND TOURISM GEOGRAPHY 2nd Semester BSTM 1E Lesson 1: Intro to PH Culture -​ Also called “OOT” or...

PHILIPPINE CULTURE AND TOURISM GEOGRAPHY 2nd Semester BSTM 1E Lesson 1: Intro to PH Culture -​ Also called “OOT” or “OUT OF TAIWAN” Theory. “CULTURE” (Definition according to UNESCO) -​ The Taiwan theory suggests that when there was a -​ About the deeper levels of basic assumptions and scarcity in food in Mainland Asia, the people from beliefs shared by members of an organization. Taiwan arrived in the Philippines through open seas. (UNESCO, 2008) “NUSANTAO TRADE NETWORK THEORY” -​ A set of distinctive spiritual, material, intellectual, by Wilhelm Solheim and emotional features of a society or a social group, that encompasses, not only art and literature, but -​ It was believed that other countries' languages, lifestyles, ways of living together, value systems, including those of the Philippines, descended from traditions, and beliefs. (UNESCO, 2001) Austronesian languages. -​ According to Wilhelm Solheim, the countries back “CULTURE” (From the discussion) then used the same language as the Austronesians in order to enter the trade network. -​ Broad definition: Lahat ng bagay at spaces na may tao ay may Culture. -​ The Philippines was a part of the Trade Network as they engaged in the practice of “BARTER TRADE,” -​ Tourism Development is always connected with culture. the exchange of goods or services without using money, which dates back during the Pre-colonial -​ If we apply UNESCO’s definition of “CULTURE” in the period. Philippines’ case, the Philippines is a developing country, not only in economics, but also in cultural development. How did the Philippines become an underdeveloped cultural country? The Philippines was identified through intangible culture because the country was unable to preserve its tangible cultural/heritage. In 2015, UNESCO held a World Heritage Convention, and the Philippines was instructed to develop an action plan to preserve their intangible cultural heritage. (2) TWO GENERAL CATEGORY OF CULTURE: Significant data in defining origin of migration: 1)​ TANGIBLE HERITAGE/CULTURE -​ the physical aspect of a culture, including objects, “HOMO LUZONENSIS” in CALLAO CAVE spaces, and resources that are used to define a culture. -​ Oldest species and oldest origin found in Callao Cave -​ PHYSICAL MATERIAL of a culture. in the Cagayan Valley of the Philippines. 2)​ INTANGIBLE HERITAGE/CULTURE -​ Discovered by DR. ARMAND SALVADOR MIJARES, -​ the knowledge, practices, and expressions that the only Filipino scientist to publish a nature journal, communities recognize as part of their cultural after researching the cultural patterns of Luzonensis in identity. the Sierra Madre for 20 years. -​ NON PHYSICAL MATERIAL of a culture. -​ Named after the island of Luzon in the Philippines due (5) ORIGINS OF MIGRATION IN THE PHILIPPINES to the gentleman’s agreement. "Luzonensis" means "from Luzon" making the full name translate to "human from Luzon. “TAIWAN THEORY” by Peter Bellwood 1 PHILIPPINE CULTURE AND TOURISM GEOGRAPHY 2nd Semester BSTM 1E -​ Different from Homo Sapiens, but a common Why we shouldn’t use it: characteristic is that they’re also tree dwellers due to a lot of predators, which allows them to evolve and CULTURAL PERIODIZATION IN OTHER COUNTRIES, adapt. ESPECIALLY IN AMERICA: -​ AGE: 67,000 years old and above. PALEOLITHIC -​ also known as the Old Stone Age, was a period in human history when the first stone tools were invented “TABON MAN” in PALAWAN and used. -​ Cultural Marker: Hunter Gatherers -​ One of the most important evidence to exist in the Philippines and found in the Tabon Cave. MESOLITHIC -​ A time when humans transitioned from hunting and -​ It is connected with burying the ancestors in caves. gathering to agriculture. -​ Transitional period from using stone tools to creating -​ Different species from Homo Luzonensis, but the same containers. as Homo Sapiens. NEOLITHIC -​ AGE: 16,000 - 19,000 years old. -​ Also known as the Metal Age, a time when humans began to domesticate animals and cultivate plants “BIAK NA BATO” ARCHAEOLOGY/PREHISTORY DATA CULTURAL PERIODIZATION IN THE PHILIPPINES: -​ New frontier in Philippine archaeology that is We instantly went from PALEOLITHIC to NEOLITHIC, connected to the origin of our culture. skipping Mesolithic in the process. -​ During 2017-2023, there were new discoveries found How to identify PREHISTORY and PRECOLONIAL? in Biak-Na-Bato National Park that proved that ancient Filipinos in Upland Bulacan used modified animal PREHISTORY - referring to a cultural time period that bones for fishing activities. happened 3,000 years ago. CULTURAL MARKER: Stone Users. Why are there no discoveries of human bones in Bulacan PRE COLONIAL - referring to a cultural time period that yet? happened 300 years ago before the coming of the colonizer. The modernization and urbanization development came CULTURAL MARKER: Traders. first in Bulacan, before conducting scientific research of our land. It also has something to do with elevation. Since Bulacan CULTURAL PERIODIZATION is more elevated than in Palawan and Cagayan Valley, it is more difficult to dig up the land as it would cost millions. During the Colonial Period: (Mas mababa ang elevation ng land, mas maraming SPANISH PERIOD deposito ng lupa, mas maraming deposito ng bato ang -​ CULTURAL MARKER: Religion. mahahanap sa mga kweba.) -​ Different revolutionary religions arose like the: Levi (only believes in Filipino priests, but not the spanish belief system) and, NOTE: We can never use the Cultural Periodization of the Millenarian Movement (believe in Christ and has an ‘agimat’ Philippines as a parameter of measuring the cultural to defend our country) periodization of other countries, especially in the western side. -​ Biggest controversy was the giving of “BUWIS” and education was interconnected with religion. 2 PHILIPPINE CULTURE AND TOURISM GEOGRAPHY 2nd Semester BSTM 1E AMERICAN PERIOD “CADT” or CERTIFICATE OF ANCESTRAL DOMAIN TITLE - -​ CULTURAL MARKER: Education. (100 Thomasites It is a title that officially recognizes the ownership and Mission in the East) possession rights of Indigenous Cultural Communities (ICCs) and Indigenous Peoples (IPs) over their ancestral domains. -​ Cultural transition from external influence as the Americans granted us “more freedom” with our laws ADMINISTRATIVE BOUNDARIES - A limit or border of a and education in order to control us, under the guise of geographic area under the jurisdiction of some governmental teaching us about their country. or managerial entity. -​ BulSU, which was then known as BULACAN TRADE GROUND DELINEATION - the process of surveying and SCHOOL (BTS), was a part of the American’s mission. marking the boundaries of an area on the ground. JAPANESE PERIOD INDIGENOUS PEOPLE IN BULACAN: -​ CULTURAL MARKER: Nationalism. -​ Only colonizers teach Filipinos how to be nationalistic. ❖​ Total of 24 towns and cities, but only 14 have administrative boundaries. During the Neocolonial Era: ❖​ 10 towns/cities are still to be updated, meaning the grounds have been reported but don't have ground CULTURAL MARKER: Education, Culture, Economy, and etc. delineation yet. The era when there were no colonizers in the Philippines, but ❖​ There are still IPs in DRT, Norzagaray, San Jose Del Filipino minds were being colonized. The Filipino Mindset is Monte, San Ildefonso that has CADT. being separated from the inherent Filipino identity. ❖​ 3 PROTECTED AREAS: Biak-Na-Bato National Park, Angat Watershed, and General Tinio DRT Watershed “PEOPLE’S IN THE PHILIPPINES” JULY 24, 2013 The Philippines hosts 14-17 million Indigenous Peoples across CULTURAL VARIATIONS 110 ethno-linguistic groups, mainly in Northern Luzon and Mindanao. It is called Cultural Variations, not differences, because there is no need to compare cultures. The Philippine Constitution and the Indigenous Peoples Rights Act (IPRA) of 1997 prioritize protecting their rights, ❖​Natural environment including managing ancestral lands, making it a key aspect of Ex. Mindanao Weather national policy. ❖​Physical Landscape - Has something to do with the changes in the physical features of a resident. Negrito of Luzon Ex. Swimming Bajaos, Mga athlete sa Norzagaray dahil Igorot sa pataas baba na kalsada, etc. Mangyan Tribes of Palawan ❖​Language Ati -​ It is a depository culture that has no way of recording Tribes of Panay this cultural practice. Lumad Bajao (Bajao) -​ An advantage in the tourism industry. ❖​Internal & External Influence -​ Internal - Domestic influence from ethnic groups. -​ External - N/A dii na diniscuss ni sir. 3