Retinoblastoma: The pRB Story Quiz
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Retinoblastoma: The pRB Story Quiz

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@KindlyPlumTree

Questions and Answers

Which type of gene can be activated or gain function within a cell, leading to genomic instability and eventually cancer?

Oncogenes

What happens when tumour suppressor genes are lost or oncogenes are activated?

Uncontrolled cellular growth

What is the result of angiogenesis in a developing tumour?

Development of its own blood supply

What is metastasis in the context of cancer?

<p>When a primary tumour enters blood vessels and spreads around the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to genomic instability in a cell?

<p>Activation of oncogenes or loss of function of tumour suppressor genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of tumour suppressor genes in the development of cancer?

<p>Their deactivation leads to genomic instability and cancer development</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the hTERT (Telomerase) gene in cancer cells?

<p>Maintains telomeres in cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common early symptom of retinoblastoma in children?

<p>Discolouration in one of the child’s eyes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of retinoblastoma cases are bilateral (occur in both eyes)?

<p>40%</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment type involves using a hot probe to burn the cancer cells?

<p>Thermotherapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of tumour suppression, what did Sir Henry Harris propose was central to carcinogenesis?

<p>Chromosome loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the conclusion drawn from the fusion of highly malignant mouse cell line with a mouse cell line of lower malignancy by Barski & et al (1962)?

<p>Malignancy must be dominant</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of the P16 gene in cancer?

<p>Regulates Retinoblastoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary age of diagnosis for retinoblastoma in children?

<p>~2 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gene is responsible for regulating retinoblastoma?

<p>$P16$ gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Telomerase in cancer cells?

<p>Maintains telomeres in cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the hTERT gene in cancer cells?

<p>Maintains telomeres in cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Sir Henry Harris propose was central to carcinogenesis in the context of tumour suppression?

<p>Chromosome loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to genomic instability in a cell according to the text?

<p>Gain of genetic information</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary age of diagnosis for retinoblastoma in children?

<p>2 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is metastasis in the context of cancer?

<p>Spread of cancer to other parts of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment type involves using liquid nitrogen to freeze and kill cancer cells?

<p>Cryotherapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common early symptom of retinoblastoma in children according to the text?

<p>Discolouration in the eyes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when tumour suppressor genes are lost or oncogenes are activated?

<p>Genomic instability</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of angiogenesis in a developing tumour?

<p>Formation of blood vessels within a tumour</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes in terms of genomic instability?

<p>Oncogenes can be activated, leading to genomic instability, while tumour suppressor genes can be deactivated, also leading to genomic instability</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of angiogenesis in the context of cancer development?

<p>It is the formation of a primary tumour's own blood supply</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is metastasis in the context of cancer?

<p>It is when a primary tumour spreads to other parts of the body and forms secondary tumours</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to genomic instability in a cell, leading to cancer development?

<p>Both activation of oncogenes and deactivation of tumour suppressor genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the role of tumour suppressor genes in cancer development?

<p>Deactivation of tumour suppressor genes leads to uncontrolled cellular growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when oncogenes are activated or gain function within a cell?

<p>It leads to genomic instability and eventually contributes to cancer development</p> Signup and view all the answers

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