d and f Block Elements
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary definition of a transition element?

  • An element with a high ionization energy
  • An element with a fully filled d-subshell
  • An element with an incomplete sub-shell in its ground state or common oxidation state (correct)
  • An element with a low electronegativity

    • Why are Zn, Cd, and Hg not considered typical transition elements?

  • Because they are not metals
  • Because they have a low electronegativity
  • Because they have a high ionization energy
  • Because they have a fully filled d-subshell (correct)

    • Which of the following elements has an electronic configuration of [Ar] 3d7 4s2?

  • Manganese (correct)
  • Iron
  • Cobalt
  • Nickel

    • What is the common oxidation state of Zinc, Cadmium, and Mercury?

    <p>+2, +2, +2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which series of transition elements has partly filled 4d-orbitals?

    <p>4d-series</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the electronic configuration of Yttrium (Y) in its ground state?

    <p>[Ar] 3d3 4s2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason why an element is called a transition element?

    <p>Due to its position between the most electropositive and most electronegative elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general electronic configuration of transition elements?

    <p>[Xe] 5d16s2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following elements have anomalous electronic configurations?

    <p>Platinum and Gold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between transition elements and d-block elements?

    <p>Not all d-block elements are transition elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the electron configuration of the fourth transition or 6d-series?

    <p>[Rn] 6d17s2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the anomalous electronic configurations of certain transition elements?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following transition metal ions have completely filled d-orbitals and are therefore colourless?

    <p>Zn2+, Cd2+, Hg2+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for the colour of a substance when it absorbs all radiations except one?

    <p>It transmits the unabsorbed radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the energy difference between the two sets of d-orbitals in octahedral or tetrahedral geometries?

    <p>ΔE</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following transition metal ions have completely empty d-orbitals and are therefore colourless?

    <p>Sc3+ and Ti4+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the energy of the radiation and the energy difference between the two sets of d-orbitals?

    <p>ΔE = hν</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the energy required to remove an electron from a transition metal ion?

    <p>Ionization Energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the colour of the transmitted light when an IR radiation is absorbed?

    <p>Blue-green</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following ions has the maximum number of unpaired electrons?

    <p>Fe3+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula used to calculate the paramagnetic moment of an ion?

    <p>μs = 4S(S + 1) BM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a substance that is attracted by a magnetic field?

    <p>Paramagnetic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the number of unpaired electrons and the magnetic properties of an ion?

    <p>The magnetic properties increase with the increase in the number of unpaired electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the energy difference between the two sets of d-orbitals in octahedral or tetrahedral geometries?

    <p>Crystal Field Splitting Energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the presence of covalent bonding in transition elements?

    <p>The presence of unfilled d-orbitals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the trend of melting and boiling points across a transition series?

    <p>They increase, pass through a maxima, and then decrease across the series</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the outermost shell in the atoms of transition elements?

    <p>Partially filled orbitals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nature of bonding in transition elements?

    <p>Both covalent and metallic bonding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for the hardness of transition metals?

    <p>The presence of covalent bonding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the comparative electronegativity of transition elements relative to s-block elements?

    <p>Lower than s-block elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the observed minimum atomic radii in the 3d transition series?

    <p>Increased nuclear charge due to the addition of protons in the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of the added electrons in the d-orbitals on the atomic radii?

    <p>They increase the atomic radii due to increased shielding effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do the atomic radii tend to increase down a group in the transition elements?

    <p>Due to the increased shielding effect of the d-electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend observed in the atomic radii of the 3d transition series?

    <p>A decrease in atomic radii followed by an increase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for the anomaly observed in the atomic radii of the third transition series from Hf onwards?

    <p>The lanthanide contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of the added electrons in the d-orbitals on the nuclear attraction on the outermost electrons?

    <p>They decrease the nuclear attraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

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