34 Questions
Which of the following statements about B cells is correct?
B cells differentiate into plasma cells after attaching to an antigen.
Which of the following is true about T cells?
T cells can secrete chemokines to bring other immune cells to the area.
Which of the following statements about plasma cells is incorrect?
Plasma cells are part of the innate immune response.
Which of the following is true about Natural Killer (NK) cells?
NK cells contain cell-killing granules and are the first line of defense against viruses and some cancers.
Which of the following statements about lymphoid organs is correct?
The lymph nodes, spleen, and lymphoid nodules are secondary lymphoid organs.
Which of the following statements about lymph nodes is incorrect?
Afferent lymphatic vessels leave the lymph nodes.
What is the primary function of the spleen?
To act as a filter for the blood and hold many dendritic cells and macrophages.
What is the primary role of tonsils in the immune system?
To develop immunity to oral pathogens.
Which of the following statements about mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is incorrect?
It is a dense cluster of lymphocytes with a fibrous capsule.
Which of the following structures are NOT considered secondary lymphoid organs?
Bone marrow
What is the primary function of germinal centers in lymph nodes and nodules?
To serve as sites for rapidly dividing B cells and plasma cells.
What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?
To bring excess fluid to the bloodstream
Which of the following is NOT considered part of the lymphatic system?
Bone marrow
What is the primary function of lymph nodes?
To filter pathogens from the lymph fluid
What is the difference between the innate and adaptive immune responses?
Innate is rapid and non-specific, adaptive is slower but more specific
What is the primary function of B cells?
To produce plasma cells that bind to antigens
Which type of T cell is responsible for directly killing infected or cancerous cells?
Cytotoxic T cells
What is the main difference between the primary and secondary immune response?
The secondary response is much faster and stronger than the primary response.
Which class of antibody is primarily responsible for providing protection at mucosal surfaces?
IgA
What is the main mechanism by which regulatory T cells suppress the immune response?
They secrete cytokines that inhibit the activation of other T cells.
Which type of T cell is responsible for regulating the activity of B cells and their differentiation into plasma cells?
Th2 cells
What is the main function of IgE antibodies in the immune system?
To bind to mast cells and basophils, leading to the release of inflammatory mediators.
What is the main mechanism by which the body fights against fungal infections?
Phagocytosis by macrophages and neutrophils.
What is the purpose of the negative selection process during T cell development in the thymus?
To remove T cells that are capable of recognizing and attacking the body's own cells.
What is the main difference between active and passive immunity?
Active immunity provides long-lasting protection, while passive immunity provides short-term protection.
What is the main function of the IgM antibody class?
To activate the complement system and promote pathogen lysis.
What is the primary function of Bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT)?
To initiate the adaptive immune response against inhaled pathogens
Which of the following is NOT considered a 'barrier defense' as described in the text?
Adaptive immune response
Which of the following is a key function of the complement system as described in the text?
Opsonizing pathogens to facilitate phagocytosis by macrophages and neutrophils
What is the primary function of interferons as described in the text?
To stimulate the production of antiviral proteins in nearby uninfected cells
Which of the following is a key difference between the primary and secondary adaptive immune responses as described in the text?
The primary response has worse symptoms because the adaptive immune system needs time to become effective
What is the primary role of antigen presenting cells in the adaptive immune response as described in the text?
To express MHC class II molecules that bind and present extracellular antigens to T cells
What is the primary function of natural killer (NK) cells in the innate immune response as described in the text?
To induce apoptosis in infected cells by releasing perforins and granzymes
How do pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) on innate immune cells contribute to the innate immune response as described in the text?
PRRs recognize and bind to molecules released by stressed or damaged host cells, initiating the inflammatory response
Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the lymphatic and immune systems, including functions of the immune system, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and more. Explore how the lymphatic system brings excess fluid to the bloodstream and filters pathogens. Learn about the absorption of dietary lipids and fat-soluble vitamins in lymphatic vessels.
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