The Lymphatic and Immune System: Chapter 21 Anatomy
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Questions and Answers

What happens when a B cell attaches to an antigen?

  • The B cell secretes antibodies
  • The B cell differentiates into a plasma cell (correct)
  • The B cell becomes a T cell
  • The B cell is destroyed

What is the primary function of T cells?

  • To destroy cells infected with intracellular pathogens
  • Both a and b (correct)
  • To secrete chemokines and bring other immune cells to the area
  • To produce antibodies

Where do B cells develop?

  • Spleen
  • Bone marrow (correct)
  • Lymph nodes
  • Thymus

What is the primary function of Natural Killer cells?

<p>To contain cell-killing granules and provide an innate immune response (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the thymus gland over time?

<p>It begins shrinking at birth and may be completely gone by age 120 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the lymphatic system?

<p>Transporting excess fluid to the bloodstream (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major staging area for the development of a critical immune response?

<p>Lymph node (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does lymph move through the body?

<p>Through muscle contraction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells coordinate the adaptive immune response?

<p>B cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do all leukocytes originate from?

<p>Bone marrow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which immune response is rapid but non-specific?

<p>Innate immune response (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of lymph nodes in the lymphatic system?

<p>Removing debris and pathogens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organ is described as having extensive vascularization and is known as the 'filter of the Blood'?

<p>Spleen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells are mainly found in lymphoid nodules?

<p>Lymphocytes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes the swelling of tonsils?

<p>Active immune response to infection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vessels enter the lymph nodes?

<p>Afferent lymphatic vessels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) mainly found?

<p>Lungs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT)?

<p>To effectively defend against inhaled pathogens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a barrier defense mechanism?

<p>Adaptive immune response (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of macrophages in the innate immune response?

<p>To phagocytose and destroy pathogens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key function of the complement system?

<p>To opsonize pathogens for phagocytosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the inflammatory response?

<p>To attract phagocytes to the site of infection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between the primary and secondary adaptive immune responses?

<p>The primary response is slower, the secondary is faster (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between class I and class II MHC molecules?

<p>Class I is expressed by all cells, class II is only expressed by professional APCs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of natural killer (NK) cells in the innate immune response?

<p>To induce apoptosis in infected cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in the innate immune response?

<p>To recognize pathogens or molecules released by stressed/damaged cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of interferons in the innate immune response?

<p>To tell nearby cells to make antiviral proteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells present antigens to T cells in the lymph nodes?

<p>Dendritic cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that eliminates self-reactive T cells during T cell development?

<p>Negative selection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of helper T cells?

<p>Secreting cytokines to enhance other immune responses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of helper T cell regulates the activity of B cells?

<p>Th2 cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which a single T cell recognizes an antigen and rapidly divides into many effector and memory T cells?

<p>Clonal expansion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of T cell directly kills infected or cancerous cells?

<p>Cytotoxic T cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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