The Lymphatic and Immune System: Chapter 21 Anatomy
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Questions and Answers

What happens when a B cell attaches to an antigen?

  • The B cell secretes antibodies
  • The B cell differentiates into a plasma cell (correct)
  • The B cell becomes a T cell
  • The B cell is destroyed

    • What is the primary function of T cells?

  • To destroy cells infected with intracellular pathogens
  • Both a and b (correct)
  • To secrete chemokines and bring other immune cells to the area
  • To produce antibodies

    • Where do B cells develop?

  • Spleen
  • Bone marrow (correct)
  • Lymph nodes
  • Thymus

    • What is the primary function of Natural Killer cells?

    <p>To contain cell-killing granules and provide an innate immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the thymus gland over time?

    <p>It begins shrinking at birth and may be completely gone by age 120</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the lymphatic system?

    <p>Transporting excess fluid to the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major staging area for the development of a critical immune response?

    <p>Lymph node</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does lymph move through the body?

    <p>Through muscle contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells coordinate the adaptive immune response?

    <p>B cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do all leukocytes originate from?

    <p>Bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which immune response is rapid but non-specific?

    <p>Innate immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of lymph nodes in the lymphatic system?

    <p>Removing debris and pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is described as having extensive vascularization and is known as the 'filter of the Blood'?

    <p>Spleen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells are mainly found in lymphoid nodules?

    <p>Lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the swelling of tonsils?

    <p>Active immune response to infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vessels enter the lymph nodes?

    <p>Afferent lymphatic vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) mainly found?

    <p>Lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT)?

    <p>To effectively defend against inhaled pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a barrier defense mechanism?

    <p>Adaptive immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of macrophages in the innate immune response?

    <p>To phagocytose and destroy pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key function of the complement system?

    <p>To opsonize pathogens for phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the inflammatory response?

    <p>To attract phagocytes to the site of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between the primary and secondary adaptive immune responses?

    <p>The primary response is slower, the secondary is faster</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between class I and class II MHC molecules?

    <p>Class I is expressed by all cells, class II is only expressed by professional APCs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of natural killer (NK) cells in the innate immune response?

    <p>To induce apoptosis in infected cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in the innate immune response?

    <p>To recognize pathogens or molecules released by stressed/damaged cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of interferons in the innate immune response?

    <p>To tell nearby cells to make antiviral proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells present antigens to T cells in the lymph nodes?

    <p>Dendritic cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process that eliminates self-reactive T cells during T cell development?

    <p>Negative selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of helper T cells?

    <p>Secreting cytokines to enhance other immune responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of helper T cell regulates the activity of B cells?

    <p>Th2 cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which a single T cell recognizes an antigen and rapidly divides into many effector and memory T cells?

    <p>Clonal expansion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of T cell directly kills infected or cancerous cells?

    <p>Cytotoxic T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

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