The Lymphatic and Immune System Chapter 21: Anatomy Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of lymphocytes in the immune system?

  • Filter excess fluid from the bloodstream
  • Ingest pathogens
  • Help mediate immune response against parasites
  • Produce plasma cells (correct)

    • How does lymph move in the body?

  • By bone marrow production
  • By muscle contraction (correct)
  • By pumping action of the heart
  • By ingesting pathogens

    • Which area of the body has no lymph vessels according to the text?

  • CNS (correct)
  • Kidneys
  • Liver
  • Heart

    • What is the major staging area for the development of a critical immune response?

    <p>Lymph node</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which immune system component coordinates the adaptive immunity response?

    <p>B cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do larger lymphatic vessels have that helps keep lymph moving towards the heart?

    <p>Valves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of lymph nodes?

    <p>Remove debris and pathogens from lymph</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the spleen?

    <p>Filter blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of lymphoid nodules?

    <p>Dense cluster of lymphocytes without a fibrous capsule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is important in developing immunity to oral pathogens?

    <p>Tonsils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do afferent lymphatic vessels do in relation to lymph nodes?

    <p>Enter the lymph node</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is swelling of tonsils observed during an infection?

    <p>Active immune response to infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which immune response is rapid, nonspecific, and not always effective?

    <p>Innate immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of natural killer cells in the immune system?

    <p>Induce apoptosis in infected cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of macrophages in the immune system?

    <p>Phagocytosis and defense</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells are attracted to an injured area by leukotrienes during the inflammatory response?

    <p>Neutrophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Interferons in the immune system?

    <p>Induce nearby cells to produce antiviral proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of antigen binds to receptors on T cells for antigen recognition?

    <p>Protein antigen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of inflammation does the body respond to persistent pathogens and autoimmune diseases?

    <p>Chronic inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecules cause vasodilation and capillary permeability during the inflammatory response?

    <p>Histamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which signaling molecules allow two nearby cells to communicate?

    <p>Cytokines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of plasma cells?

    <p>Secrete soluble antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of Natural Killer cells?

    <p>Contain cell-killing granules and provide an innate immune response against viruses and some cancers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not considered a secondary lymphoid organ?

    <p>Thymus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the thymus gland?

    <p>Maturation of T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the red and yellow bone marrow?

    <p>Red bone marrow is the site of hematopoiesis (blood cell production), while yellow bone marrow is primarily composed of fat cells for energy storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of immune cell is responsible for presenting antigens to T cells?

    <p>Dendritic cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of negative selection during T cell development?

    <p>To eliminate T cells that might attack the body's own cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of helper T cells?

    <p>To secrete cytokines that enhance other immune responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of antibody is the first to be produced during a primary immune response?

    <p>IgM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of IgA antibodies?

    <p>To protect mucosal surfaces from infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between active and passive immunity?

    <p>Active immunity involves the production of memory cells, while passive immunity does not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do cytotoxic T cells typically kill their target cells?

    <p>By inducing apoptosis in the target cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of IgE antibodies?

    <p>To trigger the release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells and basophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which the immune system fights fungal infections?

    <p>Phagocytosis by macrophages and neutrophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism by which the immune system fights viral infections?

    <p>Killing by cytotoxic T cells and NK cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

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