The Lymphatic and Immune System: Chapter 21.1 Anatomy
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?

  • To produce red blood cells
  • To transport oxygen and nutrients to cells
  • To regulate body temperature
  • To filter pathogens from the blood (correct)

Which of the following is NOT an example of a barrier defense in the immune system?

  • Lymph nodes (correct)
  • Bone marrow
  • Skin
  • Mucous membranes

What type of immune response is rapid but non-specific?

  • Adaptive immune response
  • Barrier defense
  • Lymphocyte response
  • Innate immune response (correct)

What is the role of B cells in the immune system?

<p>To produce plasma cells that bind to antigens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do all leukocytes (white blood cells) originate from?

<p>Bone marrow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT true about the lymphatic system?

<p>The lymphatic system is responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients to cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of lymph nodes?

<p>To filter debris and pathogens from lymph fluid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the spleen?

<p>To filter debris and pathogens from the blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are germinal centers found?

<p>In the lymph nodes and lymphoid nodules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)?

<p>To provide immunity in mucosal surfaces (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of tonsils in the immune system?

<p>To provide immunity to oral pathogens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of afferent and efferent lymphatic vessels in lymph nodes?

<p>Afferent vessels bring lymph fluid into the node, while efferent vessels carry it out (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do B cells develop?

<p>Red bone marrow (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of plasma cells?

<p>Secrete soluble antibodies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a secondary lymphoid organ?

<p>Thymus gland (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Natural Killer (NK) cells?

<p>Provide the first line of defense against viruses and some cancers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the thymus gland as an individual ages?

<p>It begins shrinking at birth and may totally be gone by age 120 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of macrophages in the immune response?

<p>Phagocytosis of pathogens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which step in T cell development involves positive selection?

<p>Thymocytes that can bind to MHC are selected (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of helper T cells?

<p>Secreting cytokines to enhance other immune responses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which class of antibody is the first to be produced during a primary immune response?

<p>IgM (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of IgA antibodies?

<p>Protecting mucosal surfaces (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between active and passive immunity?

<p>Active immunity leads to immunological memory, while passive immunity does not (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of IgE antibodies?

<p>Mediating allergic and anaphylactic reactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cytotoxic T cells?

<p>Killing infected or cancerous cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the primary and secondary immune responses?

<p>The primary response is weaker and takes longer, while the secondary response is stronger and faster (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which antibody levels in the blood rise as pathogen levels decline?

<p>Seroconversion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which immune response is rapid, nonspecific, and not always effective?

<p>Innate immune response (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of natural killer cells in the immune system?

<p>Inducing apoptosis in infected cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cells are attracted via chemotaxis to an infection site?

<p>Neutrophils (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of perforins in the immune response?

<p>Inducing apoptosis in infected cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which signaling molecule allows nearby cells to communicate in the immune system?

<p>Cytokines (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of opsonization in the immune response?

<p>Tagging pathogens for phagocytosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein-digesting enzyme enters infected cells and triggers apoptosis intracellularly?

<p>Granzymes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of MHC class II molecules in antigen presentation?

<p>Presenting antigens from extracellular sources (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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