The Lymphatic and Immune System: Chapter 21.1 Anatomy
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?

  • To produce red blood cells
  • To transport oxygen and nutrients to cells
  • To regulate body temperature
  • To filter pathogens from the blood (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT an example of a barrier defense in the immune system?

  • Lymph nodes (correct)
  • Bone marrow
  • Skin
  • Mucous membranes

    • What type of immune response is rapid but non-specific?

  • Adaptive immune response
  • Barrier defense
  • Lymphocyte response
  • Innate immune response (correct)

    • What is the role of B cells in the immune system?

    <p>To produce plasma cells that bind to antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do all leukocytes (white blood cells) originate from?

    <p>Bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT true about the lymphatic system?

    <p>The lymphatic system is responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients to cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of lymph nodes?

    <p>To filter debris and pathogens from lymph fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the spleen?

    <p>To filter debris and pathogens from the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are germinal centers found?

    <p>In the lymph nodes and lymphoid nodules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)?

    <p>To provide immunity in mucosal surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of tonsils in the immune system?

    <p>To provide immunity to oral pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of afferent and efferent lymphatic vessels in lymph nodes?

    <p>Afferent vessels bring lymph fluid into the node, while efferent vessels carry it out</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do B cells develop?

    <p>Red bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of plasma cells?

    <p>Secrete soluble antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a secondary lymphoid organ?

    <p>Thymus gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Natural Killer (NK) cells?

    <p>Provide the first line of defense against viruses and some cancers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the thymus gland as an individual ages?

    <p>It begins shrinking at birth and may totally be gone by age 120</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of macrophages in the immune response?

    <p>Phagocytosis of pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which step in T cell development involves positive selection?

    <p>Thymocytes that can bind to MHC are selected</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of helper T cells?

    <p>Secreting cytokines to enhance other immune responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of antibody is the first to be produced during a primary immune response?

    <p>IgM</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of IgA antibodies?

    <p>Protecting mucosal surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between active and passive immunity?

    <p>Active immunity leads to immunological memory, while passive immunity does not</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of IgE antibodies?

    <p>Mediating allergic and anaphylactic reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cytotoxic T cells?

    <p>Killing infected or cancerous cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the primary and secondary immune responses?

    <p>The primary response is weaker and takes longer, while the secondary response is stronger and faster</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process by which antibody levels in the blood rise as pathogen levels decline?

    <p>Seroconversion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which immune response is rapid, nonspecific, and not always effective?

    <p>Innate immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of natural killer cells in the immune system?

    <p>Inducing apoptosis in infected cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cells are attracted via chemotaxis to an infection site?

    <p>Neutrophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of perforins in the immune response?

    <p>Inducing apoptosis in infected cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which signaling molecule allows nearby cells to communicate in the immune system?

    <p>Cytokines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of opsonization in the immune response?

    <p>Tagging pathogens for phagocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein-digesting enzyme enters infected cells and triggers apoptosis intracellularly?

    <p>Granzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of MHC class II molecules in antigen presentation?

    <p>Presenting antigens from extracellular sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

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