35 Questions
What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?
To filter pathogens from the blood
Which of the following is NOT an example of a barrier defense in the immune system?
Lymph nodes
What type of immune response is rapid but non-specific?
Innate immune response
What is the role of B cells in the immune system?
To produce plasma cells that bind to antigens
Where do all leukocytes (white blood cells) originate from?
Bone marrow
Which of the following is NOT true about the lymphatic system?
The lymphatic system is responsible for transporting oxygen and nutrients to cells
What is the main function of lymph nodes?
To filter debris and pathogens from lymph fluid
What is the purpose of the spleen?
To filter debris and pathogens from the blood
Where are germinal centers found?
In the lymph nodes and lymphoid nodules
What is the purpose of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)?
To provide immunity in mucosal surfaces
What is the role of tonsils in the immune system?
To provide immunity to oral pathogens
What is the function of afferent and efferent lymphatic vessels in lymph nodes?
Afferent vessels bring lymph fluid into the node, while efferent vessels carry it out
Where do B cells develop?
Red bone marrow
What is the primary function of plasma cells?
Secrete soluble antibodies
Which of the following is NOT a secondary lymphoid organ?
Thymus gland
What is the primary function of Natural Killer (NK) cells?
Provide the first line of defense against viruses and some cancers
What happens to the thymus gland as an individual ages?
It begins shrinking at birth and may totally be gone by age 120
What is the primary function of macrophages in the immune response?
Phagocytosis of pathogens
Which step in T cell development involves positive selection?
Thymocytes that can bind to MHC are selected
What is the primary function of helper T cells?
Secreting cytokines to enhance other immune responses
Which class of antibody is the first to be produced during a primary immune response?
IgM
What is the main function of IgA antibodies?
Protecting mucosal surfaces
What is the primary difference between active and passive immunity?
Active immunity leads to immunological memory, while passive immunity does not
What is the primary function of IgE antibodies?
Mediating allergic and anaphylactic reactions
What is the primary function of cytotoxic T cells?
Killing infected or cancerous cells
What is the main difference between the primary and secondary immune responses?
The primary response is weaker and takes longer, while the secondary response is stronger and faster
What is the process by which antibody levels in the blood rise as pathogen levels decline?
Seroconversion
Which immune response is rapid, nonspecific, and not always effective?
Innate immune response
What is the primary function of natural killer cells in the immune system?
Inducing apoptosis in infected cells
Which of the following cells are attracted via chemotaxis to an infection site?
Neutrophils
What is the function of perforins in the immune response?
Inducing apoptosis in infected cells
Which signaling molecule allows nearby cells to communicate in the immune system?
Cytokines
What is the main function of opsonization in the immune response?
Tagging pathogens for phagocytosis
Which protein-digesting enzyme enters infected cells and triggers apoptosis intracellularly?
Granzymes
What is the main function of MHC class II molecules in antigen presentation?
Presenting antigens from extracellular sources
This quiz covers the anatomy of the lymphatic and immune systems, including functions of immune and lymphatic systems, lymph composition, absorption of dietary lipids, and the role of lymph nodes in immune response.
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