32 Questions
What is the immediate stimulus for growth, especially in bones?
Insulin-like Growth Factor-1
Which of the following hormones decline with age?
Human Growth Hormone
What contributes to the maturation and differentiation of T lymphocytes?
Thymosins
What is associated with the decline of ovarian function and decrease of hormone levels?
Menopause
Which layer of the adrenal cortex produces mineralocorticoids like aldosterone?
Zona Glomerulosa
What are the effects of an overproduction of cortisol due to Cushing's disease?
High blood glucose, lipid deposits on face and neck, rapid weight gain
What is the primary function of the adrenal medulla during the 'fight or flight' response?
Dilating airways and prompting vasodilation to essential organs
What is the role of the pineal gland in response to low light levels?
Secretion of melatonin
What are the main functions of testosterone?
Developing male reproductive system, mature sperm cells, and male secondary sex characteristics
What are the effects of Addison's disease as a result of hyposecretion?
Low blood glucose levels, general weakness, weight loss, and nausea
What is the primary mode of transportation for hormones throughout the body?
Blood
Which type of hormone can be quick or slow in its actions?
Amine
What are the types of receptors that hydrophilic hormones act on?
Cell membrane receptors
Which effect is described as one hormone enabling another to act?
Permissive effect
Which hormone stimulates uterine contraction and dilation of the cervix?
Oxytocin
Which gland is part of the brain in the diencephalon and connects to the pituitary through the infundibulum?
Hypothalamus
Which hormone regulates the function of the thyroid gland?
Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
What does calcitonin released by the thyroid gland primarily do?
Inhibit osteoblasts
Which hormone is responsible for melanin production in response to UV light or pregnancy?
Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone (MSH)
What occurs in hyperparathyroidism?
Weakening of bones leading to fractures and deformity
What is the primary function of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
Decreases blood calcium levels by releasing calcium from bones
Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood calcium levels and is the active form of vitamin D?
Calcitriol
What is the primary function of relaxin?
Prepares breasts for lactation
From which organ does ghrelin, a hormone that increases hunger, originate?
Stomach
What is the function of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) released by the heart?
Decreases blood pressure and blood volume
Which hormone stimulates the release of hydrochloric acid from the stomach?
Gastrin
Which hormone is responsible for softening the pubic symphysis to prepare for birth?
Relaxin
Which hormone stimulates the release of hydrochloric acid from the stomach?
Gastrin
Which hormone triggers the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone system to retain Na+ and water, thereby increasing blood pressure and volume?
Renin
Which hormone regulates blood calcium levels and is the active form of vitamin D?
Calcitriol
Which hormone binds to brain neurons to promote satiety after a meal and increases hunger if levels are low?
Leptin
Which hormone is produced in the stomach to increase hunger?
Ghrelin
Test your knowledge of reproductive hormones and their functions with this quiz. Explore topics such as inhibin, estrogens, progesterone, placenta, relaxin, hCG, and hPL.
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