27 Questions
What is the role of Osteocalcin?
Increases insulin production and sensitivity to glucose
How does FGF23 affect calcitriol formation and phosphorus excretion?
Inhibits calcitriol formation and increases phosphorus excretion
What happens to human Growth Hormone, cortisol, and aldosterone production with age?
They decline with age
What effect does aging have on insulin resistance?
It increases insulin resistance
What is the primary function of inhibin?
Inhibits secretion of FSH
Which hormone is responsible for protecting the fetus from immune rejection?
hCG
What is the role of somatostatin?
Inhibits glucagon and insulin release
What is the function of glycolysis?
Break down of glucose to get ATP
Which hormone stimulates the release of bicarbonate from the pancreas?
Cholecystokinin (CCK)
What is the primary role of leptin?
Binds to brain neurons to promote satiety after a meal and increase hunger if levels are low
Which region of the adrenal gland responds to physiological and psychological stress?
Adrenal medulla
What is the effect of glucocorticoids produced by the Zona Fasciculata?
Inhibit anabolism and down regulate the immune system
What are the symptoms of Cushing’s disease?
High blood glucose, lipid deposits on face and neck, and impaired immunity
What is the function of the Pineal Gland?
Produces and secretes melatonin, influencing circadian rhythms
What is the primary function of testosterone?
Develop male reproductive system, mature sperm cells, and male secondary sex characteristics
What happens during the alarm reaction stage of stress reaction?
Fight or flight response for short term survival
In which part of the endocrine system does long-distance communication primarily occur?
Through the secretion of hormones in the blood
Which type of hormone is derived from the lipid cholesterol and travels bound to a transport protein?
Steroid hormone
What is considered a first messenger in hormone action?
Hormone receptor
Which type of hormone receptor binds inside the plasma membrane and triggers transcription to mRNA and protein synthesis?
Intracellular hormone receptor
What is the effect where one hormone enables another to act?
Permissive effect
Which gland serves as the command center of the endocrine system and connects to the pituitary through the infundibulum?
Hypothalamus
What does oxytocin stimulate in the body?
Uterine contraction and dilation of the cervix
Which hormones regulate the function of gonads?
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
What does Calcitonin released by the thyroid gland do to blood calcium levels?
Decreases blood calcium levels
What functional cells secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the parathyroid gland?
Chief Cells
What is released by the thyroid gland in response to UV light or pregnancy?
Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone (MSH)
This quiz covers the hormones involved in the reproductive system, including inhibin, estrogens, progesterone, and hormones produced by the placenta. It also includes topics such as the regulation of menstrual cycle, pregnancy maintenance, and development of secondary sex characteristics.
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