102 Questions
Match the following with their respective influencing factors for Alkali-Carbonate Reaction (ACR):
Clay content, or insoluble residue content = 1- Clay content, or insoluble residue content, in the range of 5% to 25% Calcite-to-dolomite ratio = 2- Calcite-to-dolomite ratio of approximately 1:1 Size of discrete dolomite crystals = 3- Small size of the discrete dolomite crystals (rhombs) suspended in a clay matrix Testing methods for ACR = Petrographic Examination (ASTM C 295)
Match the following with their primary purpose:
Lithium-based admixtures = Effect of Supplementary Cementing Materials on ASR Supplementary cementing materials = Influence of different amounts of fly ash, slag, and silica fume by mass of cementing material on mortar bar expansion after 14 days when using reactive aggregate Limit alkali loading = Alkali-Carbonate Reaction (ACR) Influencing Factors Spraying 30% LiNO3 solution with a tanker truck = How To Control ACR
Match the following with their respective testing methods:
Concrete Prism Test = Alkali-Carbonate Reaction (ACR) Testing methods Rock cylinder method = Alkali-Carbonate Reaction (ACR) Testing methods Moisture H2O = Iron Particles in Aggregates =
Match the following with their related topics:
Alkali Reactive hydroxide silica Non-reactive aggregates = Harmful Reactive Substances = Popouts = D-Cracking =
Match the following with their corresponding actions:
Limestone sweetening (~30% replacement of reactive aggregate with crushed limestone) = Effect of Supplementary Cementing Materials on ASR = Influence of different amounts of fly ash, slag, and silica fume by mass of cementing material on mortar bar expansion after 14 days when using reactive aggregate = Spraying 30% LiNO3 solution =
Match the following concrete aggregate sources with their respective type:
Natural gravel and sand = Natural source Rocks and minerals = Mineral source Crushed air-cooled blast-furnace slag = Industrial by-product Iron = Recycled material
Match the following concrete aggregates with their associated harmful reactive substances:
Diatomite = Popouts Pyrite (Iron sulfide) = Harmful reactive substance Expanded polystyrene = Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) Magnetite = Iron particles in aggregates
Match the following aggregate sizes with their typical usage:
Particle size < 5 mm (0.2 in.) = Fine aggregate Particle size ≥ 5 mm (0.2 in.) = Coarse aggregate Content usually 35% to 45% by mass or volume of total aggregate = Optimal proportion for strength Typically between 9.5 and 37.5 mm (3/8 and 1½ in.) = Standard size for concrete mix
Match the following visual symptoms with their corresponding description:
Network of cracks = Interconnected cracks on the surface Closed or spalled joints = Cracks or separations at joints Relative displacements = Shifts in position between concrete components Fragments breaking out of the surface (popouts) = Pieces of concrete breaking off
Match the following concrete aggregate types with their respective concrete usage:
Rounded gravel = Decorative concrete applications Sand = General-purpose concrete mix Crushed stone = High-strength concrete projects Basalt = Structural lightweight concrete
Match the following mechanisms with their descriptions:
Alkali hydroxide Expansion + Reactive silica Moisture H2O = Conditions for Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) to occur Alkali Silica Gel + Alkali Silica gel filling microcracks = Result of ASR causing filling of microcracks with gel Alkali reactive hydroxide silica Moisture H2O = Ingredients necessary for ASR to take place Alkali silica gel filling air pores = ASR leading to filling of air pores with gel
Match the following concrete aggregate weights with their corresponding concrete type:
2200 to 2400 kg/m3 (140 to 150 lb/ft3) = Normal-weight concrete 250 to 1450 kg/m3 (15 to 90 lb/ft3) = Lightweight concrete 1450 to 1850 kg/m3 (90 to 120 lb/ft3) = Structural lightweight concrete Up to 6400 kg/m3 (400 lb/ft3) = !High-density concrete
Match the following testing methods with their procedures:
Mortar-Bar Method (ASTM 227) = Testing for ASR using mortar bars Chemical Method (ASTM C 289) = Chemical analysis for harmful substances Petrographic Examination (ASTM C 295) = Examination of aggregates under a microscope Concrete Prism Test (ASTM C 1293) = Testing concrete prisms for reactivity
Match the following statements with their correct explanations:
If one of these conditions is absent ASR cannot occur. = Requirement for all conditions for ASR to take place Observe the alkali-silica reaction rim around the reactive aggregate and the crack formation. = Visual indications of ASR occurrence Fluorescent mode = Method to enhance observation of ASR reactions How To Control ASR ? = Question prompting methods for ASR prevention
Match the following harmful substances with their impact on concrete:
Iron Particles in Aggregates = Can lead to staining and weakening of concrete Popouts = Caused by internal pressure from reactive particles Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Results in expansion and cracking of concrete D-Cracking = Freeze-thaw damage due to water penetration
Match the following with their definitions:
D-Cracking = Cracking of concrete pavements caused by the freeze-thaw deterioration of the aggregate within concrete Harmful Reactive Substances = Compounds in aggregates that react chemically with portland cement concrete and produce harmful effects Popouts = Breaking away of a small fragment of concrete surface due to internal pressure Iron Particles in Aggregates = Iron oxide stain caused by impurities in the coarse aggregate
Match the following with their descriptions:
D-Cracking = Cracking along a transverse joint caused by failure of carbonate coarse aggregate Harmful Reactive Substances = May cause significant volume changes, interference with cement hydration, or harmful by-products Popouts = Leaves a shallow, typically conical depression on the concrete surface Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Reaction between active mineral constituents of aggregates and alkali hydroxides in concrete
Match the following with their examples:
D-Cracking = Cracks in concrete pavements due to freeze-thaw deterioration of aggregate Harmful Reactive Substances = Compounds that can interfere with the normal hydration of cement Popouts = Fragments breaking away due to internal pressure on the concrete surface Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Reaction between specific minerals in aggregates and alkali hydroxides in concrete
Match the following with their causes:
D-Cracking = Aggregate freeze-thaw deterioration within concrete Harmful Reactive Substances = Chemical reactions that produce harmful effects in concrete Popouts = Internal pressure leading to fragment breakage on concrete surface Iron Particles in Aggregates = Iron oxide stains from impurities in coarse aggregate
Match the following with their effects on concrete:
D-Cracking = Cracks affecting the integrity of concrete pavements Harmful Reactive Substances = May cause volume changes, interference with cement hydration, or harmful by-products Popouts = Shallow depressions on the concrete surface from fragment breakage Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Reaction leading to potential deterioration of concrete due to specific mineral constituents in aggregates
Match the following terms with their descriptions in Civil Engineering Materials:
D-Cracking = A type of cracking in concrete due to freeze-thaw cycles Harmful Reactive Substances = Substances in aggregates causing expansion and cracking in concrete Popouts = Shallow conical pits on concrete surface due to reactive aggregate particles Iron Particles in Aggregates = Particles causing staining and rusting of concrete surfaces
Match the following terms with their effects in Civil Engineering Materials:
Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Causes expansion and cracking in concrete due to reactive minerals in aggregates D-Cracking = Leads to reduced durability and structural integrity of concrete Popouts = Aesthetic defects on concrete surfaces affecting appearance Harmful Reactive Substances = Compromises the long-term performance of concrete structures
Match the following terms with their impact on concrete structures:
Iron Particles in Aggregates = May weaken the bond between concrete and reinforcement Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Can cause map-cracking and spalling in concrete Popouts = Reduce the durability and lifespan of concrete surfaces Harmful Reactive Substances = Result in cracks, expansion, and deterioration of concrete
Match the following terms with their role in concrete deterioration:
D-Cracking = Contributes to the breakdown of concrete over time Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Accelerates the deterioration process of concrete structures Iron Particles in Aggregates = Promote corrosion and degradation of concrete components Popouts = Expose aggregates leading to potential water ingress and further damage
Match the following terms with their consequences in Civil Engineering Materials:
D-Cracking = Compromises the structural integrity and load-bearing capacity of concrete elements Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Requires costly repairs and maintenance to mitigate its effects Popouts = Necessitate surface repairs to maintain the aesthetics of concrete structures Iron Particles in Aggregates = Demand regular inspection and maintenance to prevent deterioration
Match the following with their descriptions:
D-Cracking = Cracking caused by freeze-thaw cycles affecting aggregates Harmful Reactive Substances = Aggregates containing substances that react negatively with concrete Popouts = Shallow conical depressions in concrete caused by aggregate particles expanding Iron Particles in Aggregates = Aggregates containing iron particles that can rust and stain concrete
Match the following terms with their definitions:
Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Chemical reaction between alkalis in cement and certain minerals in aggregates Maximum size of aggregate = Smallest sieve size that all of the aggregate must pass through Nominal maximum size = Standard sieve opening immediately smaller than the maximum size aggregate must pass through Percentage of retained aggregate = Percentage of aggregate that does not pass through a sieve
Match the following concepts with their examples:
4.75 sieve size = 96% pass ASTM limits 2.36 sieve size = 85% pass ASTM limits 1/5 narrowest dimension between sides of forms = Nominal maximum size should not exceed this value 3/4 clear spacing between rebars and forms = Depth of slabs should be 1/3 this value
Match the following aggregate characteristics with their descriptions:
Grading = Particle-size distribution of an aggregate using sieve analysis Fine Aggregate = Aggregate with particle sizes less than 5 mm Coarse Aggregate = Aggregate with particle sizes greater than or equal to 5 mm Recycled Concrete Aggregate = Aggregate made from recycled waste concrete
Match the following sieve sizes with their corresponding ranges (in mm):
150 μm = 0.150 9.5 mm = 9.5 1.18 mm = 1.18 100 mm = 100
Match the following aggregate tests with their standards:
ASTM C 33 = Standard for grading of aggregates AASHTO M 6/M 80 = Reference for aggregate characteristics and tests ASTM Sieve Sizes = Standard for sieve openings for fine and coarse aggregates Particle Size Distribution Curve = Standard to evaluate aggregate grading
Match the following harmful substances with their effects on aggregates:
D-Cracking = Cracking caused by freeze-thaw cycles Popouts = Surface defects resulting from internal pressure of water droplets Iron Particles in Aggregates = Causes staining or rusting on concrete surfaces Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Chemical reaction leading to expansion and cracking
Match the following materials with their classification based on weight:
Natural Gravel and Sand = Normal weight aggregate Recycled Concrete Aggregate = Heavy weight aggregate Rocks and Minerals = Light weight aggregate Crushed Blast-Furnace Slag = Heavy weight aggregate
Match the following visual symptoms with their corresponding description:
Network of cracks = ASR Closed or spalled joints = ACR Relative displacements = D-Cracking Fragments breaking out of the surface (popouts) = Popouts
Match the following harmful reactive substances with their impact on concrete:
Alkali hydroxide = AAR Reactive silica = Popouts Moisture = ASR Iron Particles in Aggregates = D-Cracking
Match the following concrete aggregate sources with their respective type:
Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Reactive Aggregate Popouts = Non-Reactive Aggregate Iron Particles in Aggregates = D-Cracking Aggregate ASR = Non-Reactive Aggregate
Match the following testing methods with their procedures:
Mortar-Bar Method (ASTM 227) = Chemical Method (ASTM C 289) Petrographic Examination (ASTM C 295) = Concrete Prism Test (ASTM C 1293) Rapid Mortar-Bar Test (ASTM C 1260 or AASHTO T 303) = Concrete Prism Test (ASTM C 1293) ASTM C 1293 = Rapid Mortar-Bar Test (ASTM C 1260 or AASHTO T 303)
Match the following mechanisms with their descriptions:
Alkali Silica Gel + Alkali Silica gel filling microcracks = ASR Alkali hydroxide Expansion + Reactive silica Moisture H2O = AAR Alkali Reactive hydroxide silica Moisture H2O = ACR Alkali silica gel filling air pores = Popouts
Match the harmful reactive substances with their impact on concrete: D-Cracking
Pyrite (Iron sulfide) = Causes D-Cracking Gypsum (Sulfate) = Promotes D-Cracking Iron Steel punchings or shot = No impact on D-Cracking Expanded polystyrene = No impact on D-Cracking
Match the following harmful substances with their effects on aggregates: Popouts
Diatomite = Causes Popouts Magnetite = No impact on Popouts Basalt = Promotes Popouts Meta-quartzite = No impact on Popouts
Match the following materials with their classification based on weight: Lightweight Aggregate
Diatomite = Lightweight Aggregate Basalt = Normal-Weight Aggregate Granite = Normal-Weight Aggregate Sand = Normal-Weight Aggregate
Match the following terms with their role in concrete deterioration: Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR)
Claystone = Prone to AAR deterioration Marble (Minerals) = No significant role in AAR deterioration Pyrite (Iron sulfide) = Can trigger AAR deterioration Expanded polystyrene = No impact on AAR deterioration
Match the iron particles in aggregates with their consequences: Iron Particles
Steel punchings or shot = Corrosion potential in concrete Magnetite = Low risk of corrosion in concrete Pyrite (Iron sulfide) = High risk of corrosion in concrete Gypsum (Sulfate) = No impact on corrosion potential
Match the following concrete problem with its description:
D-Cracking = Cracking of concrete pavements caused by freeze-thaw deterioration of aggregate within concrete Harmful Reactive Substances = Aggregates potentially harmful if they contain compounds that react chemically with portland cement concrete Popouts = Breaking away of small concrete fragments due to internal pressure leaving shallow depressions Iron Particles in Aggregates = Iron oxide stains caused by impurities in coarse aggregate
Match the following concrete problem with its cause:
D-Cracking = Failure of carbonate coarse aggregate along a transverse joint Harmful Reactive Substances = Chemical reaction with portland cement concrete producing harmful by-products Popouts = Internal pressure within concrete surface causing fragment breakage Iron Particles in Aggregates = Presence of iron impurities in the coarse aggregate
Match the following term with its definition:
D-Cracking = Cracking caused by freeze-thaw deterioration of aggregate within concrete Harmful Reactive Substances = Compounds in aggregates reacting chemically with portland cement concrete Popouts = Breaking away of small concrete fragments due to internal pressure Iron Particles in Aggregates = Iron oxide stains from impurities in coarse aggregate
Match the following term with its impact on concrete:
D-Cracking = Cracking of concrete pavements Harmful Reactive Substances = Chemical interference with normal cement hydration Popouts = Shallow depressions on concrete surface Iron Particles in Aggregates = Staining caused by impurities in aggregates
Match the following term with its related topic:
D-Cracking = Concrete pavement deterioration Harmful Reactive Substances = Chemical reactivity in aggregates Popouts = Concrete surface defects Iron Particles in Aggregates = Aggregate impurities and staining
Match the following harmful substances with their impact on concrete: D-Cracking
High alkali content = Expansion and cracking due to alkali-silica reaction (ASR) Moisture = Freezing and thawing cycles leading to cracking Iron particles in aggregates = Localized rust stains and potential popouts Alkali-reactive aggregates = Cracking and spalling due to alkali-aggregate reaction (AAR)
Match the following mechanisms with their descriptions: Popouts
Alkali-carbonate reaction (ACR) = Surface defects caused by reactive carbonate minerals expanding Supplementary cementing materials = Material fragments breaking away from the surface due to internal pressure Lithium-based admixtures = Chemical treatment to reduce concrete surface defects Alkali-aggregate reactivity (AAR) = Aggregates reacting with alkalis in concrete leading to aggregate expansion
Match the following harmful substances with their effects on aggregates: Iron Particles in Aggregates
High alkali content = Potential staining and discoloration of concrete surfaces Moisture = Corrosion of iron particles leading to staining and popouts Lithium-based admixtures = Inhibition of iron particle corrosion and staining Alkali-reactive aggregates = Potential expansion and cracking of concrete due to AAR
Match the following terms with their respective influencing factors for Alkali-Aggregate Reaction (AAR):
Calcite-to-dolomite ratio = Determines the potential for AAR in carbonate aggregates Clay content = Influences the reactivity of aggregates in AAR Discrete dolomite crystals size = Affects the expansion potential in AAR Insoluble residue content = Indicates the presence of reactive components in aggregates for AAR
Match the following aggregate tests with their standards: Harmful Reactive Substances
Petrographic Examination (ASTM C 295) = Identification of harmful minerals in aggregates causing reactions Concrete Prism Test (ASTM C 1105) = Assessment of expansion potential due to harmful reactions Rock cylinder method (ASTM C 586) = Testing for susceptibility to harmful reactions in aggregates ASTM 1260 mortar bar expansion test = Quantifying the influence of harmful substances on expansion
Match the following harmful substances with their impact on aggregates:
Clay Minerals = Causes D-Cracking Iron Particles = Causes Popouts Alkalis = Causes Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) Sulfates = Causes Expansion and Cracking
Match the following harmful reactive substances with their impact on concrete:
Iron Particles in Aggregates = Causes Rust Stains Organic Materials = Causes Discoloration Sulfides = Causes Black Stains Alkalis = Causes Efflorescence
Match the following terms with their definitions:
D-Cracking = Formation of cracks parallel to the concrete surface due to freeze-thaw cycles Popouts = Shallow conical depressions on the concrete surface caused by aggregate particles dislodging during finishing Iron Particles in Aggregates = Presence of iron-based particles in aggregates leading to staining and rusting Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Chemical reaction between alkalis in concrete and reactive minerals in aggregates causing expansion and cracking
Match the following concrete aggregate types with their respective concrete usage:
Fine Aggregate = Used for making thin concrete slabs or smooth finishes Coarse Aggregate = Utilized for structural purposes and bulk volume filling in concrete
Match the following with their primary purpose:
D-Cracking = Identifying freeze-thaw durability of aggregates Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Assessing potential expansion and cracking due to chemical reactions
Match the following concrete deterioration mechanisms with their descriptions:
D-Cracking = Cracking caused by freeze-thaw cycles in concrete pavements Harmful Reactive Substances = Chemical substances that react negatively with concrete components Popouts = Shallow conical depressions on concrete surfaces caused by aggregate particles Iron Particles in Aggregates = Presence of iron particles in aggregates leading to staining and deterioration
Match the following harmful substances with their impact on aggregates:
Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Expansion and cracking in concrete due to reactive minerals in aggregates Sulfate Attack = Deterioration of concrete from exposure to sulfates in the environment Chloride Ion Penetration = Corrosion of reinforcement bars due to chloride ions reaching them through concrete Carbonation = Reduction in pH levels leading to corrosion of reinforcement in concrete
Match the following visual symptoms with their corresponding description:
Map Cracking = Pattern of interconnected cracks resembling a map on concrete surfaces ASR Gel Exudation = White gel-like substance oozing out of cracks caused by Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) Efflorescence = White powdery deposit on concrete surfaces due to leaching of salts Blistering = Formation of bubbles or blisters on the surface of concrete due to entrapped moisture
Match the following terms with their impact on concrete structures:
Expansion Joints = Allow for expansion and contraction of concrete slabs without causing cracks Corrosion Inhibitors = Chemicals added to concrete to protect reinforcement from corrosion Delamination = Separation of layers within a concrete structure, compromising its integrity Reactive Aggregate = Aggregates containing minerals that react adversely with alkalis in cement
Match the harmful reactive substances with their impact on concrete: D-Cracking
Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Expansion and cracking due to alkali-silica reaction Iron Particles in Aggregates = Rust stains leading to aesthetic issues Popouts = Surface defects caused by moisture freezing and expanding Harmful Reactive Substances = Concrete deterioration leading to spalling
Match the aggregate sizes with their typical usage: Popouts
Fine < 5 mm = Found in fine aggregate used for smooth surfaces Coarse ≥ 5 mm = Found in coarse aggregate for structural strength applications Rocks and minerals = Typically used in aggregate for heavy-duty construction Light Crushed blast-furnace slag = Utilized in lightweight concrete mixes
Match the harmful reactive substances with their impact on concrete: Iron Particles in Aggregates
D-Cracking = Cracks due to expansion from corrosion of iron particles Popouts = Surface defects caused by rust stains Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Chemical reaction leading to spalling Harmful Reactive Substances = Aesthetic issues and structural weakening
Match the aggregate characteristics with their descriptions: Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR)
Recycled waste concrete = Can contribute to AAR due to presence of reactive elements Crushed blast-furnace slag = Generally inert and less likely to cause AAR Natural gravel and sand = Safe option for concrete mixes, minimal risk of AAR Concrete Aggregate Classification Size Source Weight Fine < 5 mm = Fine aggregate less prone to AAR
Match the aggregate tests with their standards: D-Cracking
ASTM C 33 (AASHTO M 6/M 80) = Standard referencing aggregate characteristics but not specific to D-Cracking Grading of Aggregate (ASTM C33) = Assesses particle-size distribution, not directly related to D-Cracking Aggregate Characteristics and Tests = Broader testing scope, not focused on D-Cracking evaluation Evaluation of Aggregate Characteristics based on particle size distribution curve = Not a direct test for D-Cracking susceptibility
Match the concrete problem with its description:
D-Cracking = Cracking of concrete pavements caused by freeze-thaw deterioration of aggregate within concrete Popouts = Breaking away of small fragment of concrete surface due to internal pressure, leaving a shallow depression
Match the visual symptom with its corresponding description:
Iron Particles in Aggregates = Iron oxide stain caused by impurities in coarse aggregate Popouts = Breaking away of small fragment of concrete surface due to internal pressure, leaving a shallow depression
Match the harmful substance with its impact on aggregates:
Iron Particles in Aggregates = Iron oxide stain caused by impurities in coarse aggregate Harmful Reactive Substances = Significant volume changes or interference with normal hydration in concrete
Match the term with its definition:
Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Reaction between active mineral constituents of aggregates and alkali hydroxides in concrete D-Cracking = Cracking of concrete pavements due to freeze-thaw deterioration of aggregate within concrete
Match the harmful reactive substance with its impact on concrete:
Harmful Reactive Substances = Interference with normal hydration of cement or production of harmful by-products Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Reaction between active mineral constituents of aggregates and alkali hydroxides in concrete
Match the harmful substance with its impact on concrete: D-Cracking
Iron Particles in Aggregates = Formation of rust stains on concrete surfaces Harmful Reactive Substances = Chemical reactions leading to concrete deterioration Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Expansion and cracking due to alkali-silica reaction Popouts = Surface defects caused by high water content in aggregates
Match the iron particles in aggregates with their consequences: Iron Particles
D-Cracking = Formation of rust stains on concrete surfaces Harmful Reactive Substances = Chemical reactions leading to concrete deterioration Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Expansion and cracking due to alkali-silica reaction Popouts = Surface defects caused by high iron content in aggregates
Match the harmful reactive substances with their impact on concrete: Iron Particles in Aggregates
D-Cracking = Formation of rust stains on concrete surfaces Harmful Reactive Substances = Chemical reactions leading to concrete deterioration Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Expansion and cracking due to alkali-silica reaction Popouts = Surface defects caused by harmful chemical compounds
Match the aggregate characteristics with their descriptions: Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR)
D-Cracking = Formation of rust stains on concrete surfaces Iron Particles in Aggregates = Presence of iron oxides causing discoloration Harmful Reactive Substances = Chemical reactions leading to expansion and cracking Popouts = Surface defects caused by alkali-silica reaction
Match the mechanisms with their descriptions: Popouts
D-Cracking = Formation of rust stains on concrete surfaces Iron Particles in Aggregates = Presence of iron oxides causing discoloration Harmful Reactive Substances = Chemical reactions leading to concrete deterioration Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Surface defects caused by high water content in aggregates
Match the harmful reactive substance with its impact on aggregates:
Iron Particles = Causes popouts D-Cracking = Leads to deterioration of concrete Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Causes expansion and cracking Popouts = Causes surface defects
Match the concrete problem with its cause:
D-Cracking = Harmful reactive substances present in aggregates Iron Particles in Aggregates = Leads to popouts on the surface Harmful Reactive Substances = Triggers alkali-aggregate reaction Popouts = Presence of excessive moisture in concrete
Match the term with its impact on concrete structures:
D-Cracking = Results in severe cracking Iron Particles in Aggregates = Causes surface defects Harmful Reactive Substances = Leads to deterioration over time Popouts = Affects surface aesthetics
Match the aggregate characteristic with its description:
D-Cracking = Aggregates containing harmful substances prone to cracking Iron Particles in Aggregates = Aggregates with visible particles causing defects Harmful Reactive Substances = Aggregates triggering chemical reactions in concrete Popouts = Aggregates with surface defects due to internal pressures
Match the harmful substance with its effect on aggregates:
D-Cracking = Causes surface defects like popouts Iron Particles in Aggregates = Creates weak spots in aggregate structure Harmful Reactive Substances = Leads to expansion and cracking of aggregates Popouts = Results from harmful chemical reactions within aggregates
Match the harmful reactive substances with their impact on concrete:
Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) = Network of cracks, popouts Alkali-Carbonate Reaction (ACR) = Specific composition in aggregates Iron Particles in Aggregates = D-Cracking Popouts = Fragments breaking out of the surface, relative displacements
Match the iron particles in aggregates with their consequences:
Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) = Observing alkali-silica reaction rim, crack formation Alkali-Carbonate Reaction (ACR) = Not very common occurrence D-Cracking = Harmful impact on concrete Popouts = Alkali silica gel filling microcracks
Match the following harmful substances with their impact on aggregates:
Iron Particles in Aggregates = Harmful effects on aggregates Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) = Relative displacements, network of cracks D-Cracking = Aggregates containing reactive silica minerals Popouts = Network of cracks, fragments breaking out of the surface
Match the following mechanisms with their descriptions:
Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Expansion + Reactive silica moisture H2O Iron Particles in Aggregates = Moisture H2O, alkali silica gel filling air pores Popouts = Alkali hydroxide expansion + Reactive silica moisture H2O D-Cracking = Reactive hydroxide silica moisture H2O
Match the aggregate characteristics with their descriptions:
D-Cracking = Moisture H2O if absent condition ASR cannot occur Iron Particles in Aggregates = Moisture H2O if absent condition ASR cannot occur Popouts = Moisture H2O if absent condition ASR cannot occur Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Moisture H2O if absent condition ASR cannot occur
Match the testing method with the appropriate standard for Harmful Reactive Substances:
Petrographic Examination = ASTM C 586 Concrete Prism Test = ASTM C 1105 Rock cylinder method = ASTM C 586
Match the harmful substance with its impact on aggregates for Iron Particles in Aggregates:
Iron Oxide = Efflorescence Iron Sulfide = Deterioration due to expansion Iron Hydroxide = Popouts Iron Carbonate = Surface staining
Match the concrete problem with its description related to D-Cracking:
Scaling = Loss of surface mortar Spalling = Fragmentation of concrete surface Map Cracking = Pattern of intersecting cracks Blistering = Formation of small blisters on surface
Match the aggregate characteristic with its description for Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR):
Siliceous Aggregate = Potential for alkali-silica reaction Calcareous Aggregate = Potential for alkali-carbonate reaction Chert Aggregate = High potential for alkali-silica reaction Dolomitic Aggregate = Potential for alkali-carbonate reaction
Match the mechanism with its description for Popouts:
Freezing and Thawing Cycles = Internal pressure causing shallow surface pits Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) = Formation of gel leading to surface popouts Sulfate Attack = Disintegration of concrete due to chemical reactions Carbonation = Penetration of carbon dioxide causing surface defects
Match the concrete problem with its corresponding cause:
D-Cracking = Moisture expansion in concrete Iron Particles in Aggregates = Chemical reaction causing staining and durability issues Harmful Reactive Substances = Chemical reactions leading to concrete deterioration Popouts = Freezing and thawing cycles causing surface scaling
Match the harmful reactive substance with its impact on concrete:
Iron Particles in Aggregates = Staining and reduced durability Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Expansion and cracking Harmful Reactive Substances = Overall deterioration of concrete structure Popouts = Surface scaling due to freeze-thaw cycles
Match the concrete aggregate issue with its corresponding effect:
D-Cracking = Cracks that form due to freeze-thaw cycles Iron Particles in Aggregates = Staining and discoloration of concrete surfaces Harmful Reactive Substances = Chemical reactions leading to structural weakening Popouts = Surface defects caused by moisture expansion
Match the term related to aggregate reactivity with its impact on concrete:
Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) = Expansion and cracking of concrete Iron Particles in Aggregates = Staining and discoloration of concrete surfaces Harmful Reactive Substances = Overall deterioration of concrete structure Popouts = Surface scaling due to freeze-thaw cycles
Match the concrete defect with its cause:
D-Cracking = Moisture expansion in concrete leading to cracks Iron Particles in Aggregates = Chemical reaction causing staining and durability issues Harmful Reactive Substances = Chemical reactions deteriorating the concrete Popouts = Freezing and thawing cycles resulting in surface defects
Match the concrete problem with the aggregate issue: D-Cracking
Cracking in concrete due to freezing and thawing cycles = Harmful Reactive Substances Presence of excessive iron particles in aggregates = Iron Particles in Aggregates Aggregate particles breaking free from the surface of concrete = Popouts Reaction between alkalis in cement and reactive minerals in aggregates = Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR)
Match the harmful substance with its impact on aggregates: Iron Particles in Aggregates
Leads to expansion and cracking of concrete = D-Cracking Causes visible blemishes or spots on the surface of concrete = Popouts Results in map-cracking or pattern cracking on concrete surfaces = Harmful Reactive Substances Triggers alkali-silica reaction leading to cracking and deterioration = Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR)
Match the reactive substance with its impact on concrete: Harmful Reactive Substances
Formation of gel that absorbs water and swells, causing cracks = Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) Causes iron staining on the surface of concrete = Iron Particles in Aggregates Results in cracking due to expansion of reactive minerals in aggregates = D-Cracking Leads to surface defects due to particles breaking free from concrete = Popouts
Match the term with its role in concrete deterioration: Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR)
Causes surface defects where aggregate particles dislodge = Popouts Triggers expansive reaction leading to cracking and weakening of concrete = D-Cracking Leads to internal cracking and loss of structural integrity over time = Harmful Reactive Substances Results in gel formation causing cracking and degradation over time = Iron Particles in Aggregates
Match the defect with its description: Popouts
Visible disfigurement on concrete surface due to iron presence = Iron Particles in Aggregates Cracking pattern caused by alkali-silica reaction over time = Alkali-Aggregate Reactivity (AAR) Aggregate particles breaking free, leaving depressions on surface = Harmful Reactive Substances Small conical cavities formed when particles are dislodged from surface = D-Cracking
Test your knowledge on the classification of recycled and crushed waste concrete aggregates based on size, source, and weight. Learn about different types of aggregates like fine, coarse, light, and heavy, and understand their characteristics for evaluation.
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