Concrete Aggregates - I

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of aggregates in concrete?

  • To provide dimensional stability of concrete
  • To increase the strength of concrete in resisting abrasion loads and weathering effects (correct)
  • To act as a cheap filling material
  • To react with the cement

Which type of aggregate classification includes natural and artificial sources?

  • Source (correct)
  • Surface Texture
  • Size
  • Shape

What does the term 'bulking of fine aggregate' refer to?

  • Decrease in the volume of fine aggregate due to moisture content
  • Increase in the volume of fine aggregate due to moisture content (correct)
  • Decrease in the weight of fine aggregate due to moisture content
  • Increase in the weight of fine aggregate due to moisture content

What does bulk density mainly depend on in the context of aggregate properties?

<p>Aggregate shape and surface texture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the bulk density range for gravel aggregate?

<p>$1600 - 1800$ kg/m3 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of aggregate has a surface texture that is described as 'honeycombed'?

<p>Lightweight aggregate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What property does the term 'soundness' relate to in aggregate properties?

<p>Resistance to weathering (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of aggregates in concrete when combined with cement?

<p>To increase the strength of concrete by resisting abrasion loads and weathering effects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'lean mix' typically refer to in the context of concrete proportions?

<p>A concrete mix with a low water to cement ratio (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of aggregate size includes gravel and crushed stone?

<p>Coarse Aggregate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating bulk density?

<p>M/V (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of tamping the aggregate layers 25 times in the bucket?

<p>To remove air voids and achieve a consistent density (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the apparent specific gravity used for in concrete mix design?

<p>To determine the volume of the solids including impermeable pores (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the voids between aggregate particles be determined?

<p>Using the bulk density and specific gravity of the aggregate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of determining the absorption capacity of an aggregate?

<p>To understand its ability to absorb water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is affected by the presence of moisture in fine aggregate?

<p>The volume of a given mass of sand due to bulking (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does bulking of fine aggregate result in?

<p>An increase in volume due to water films pushing sand particles apart (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'soundness of aggregate' refer to?

<p>The ability of the aggregate to resist excessive changes in volume (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What standard tests are used to determine the soundness of aggregate?

<p>BS 812: Part 121 and ASTM C-88 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum limit of salt contamination (% by weight) for fine aggregate after the soundness test?

<p>12% for Na2SO4 and 18% for MgSO4 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the chloride ion content limit (expressed as a percentage by mass) for combined aggregate used in prestressed concrete?

<p>0.01% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of limiting chloride and sulfate salts in aggregate according to different codes?

<p>To prevent deleterious effects on concrete and its reinforcement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which physical conditions can cause changes in volume and impact the soundness of aggregate?

<p>Freezing/thawing, thermal changes, and wetting/drying cycles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum limit on total sulfate content in concrete as per BS 882?

<p>4% by weight of the cement mass (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What destructive reaction may result from the alkali aggregate reaction?

<p>Destruction of the bond between the aggregate and the cement paste (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the reactivity of aggregate be detected?

<p>Through chemical analysis of the aggregate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of grading of aggregate, what does Sieve No.4 (4.75 mm) represent?

<p>The dividing line between fine and coarse aggregate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using supplementary cementing materials (SCM) in limiting alkali aggregate reaction?

<p>To reduce alkali content in the concrete mix (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of a sieve shaker in grading of coarse aggregates?

<p>To separate particles based on size using vibration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should aggregate samples be oven dried before testing during sieve analysis?

<p>To eliminate moisture which may affect test results (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'grading curves' represent in the context of sieve analysis?

<p>The relationship between sieve size and cumulative passing percentage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of arranging sieves in descending order during sieve analysis?

<p>To facilitate accurate grading by size (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Alkali-Silica Gel or Alkali-Carbonate-Gel in concrete?

<p>To cause destruction of bond between aggregate and cement paste (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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