Smarty PANCE Questions
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Questions and Answers

What is a common risk factor for the development of a Mallory-Weiss tear?

  • High-fat diet
  • Forceful vomiting or coughing (correct)
  • Alcohol consumption
  • GERD

    • Which type of esophageal cancer is commonly associated with Barrett's esophagus?

  • Small cell carcinoma
  • Adenocarcinoma (correct)
  • Squamous cell carcinoma
  • Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

    • Which diagnostic study is most appropriate for confirming the diagnosis of achalasia?

  • Esophageal manometry (correct)
  • Chest X-ray
  • Endoscopy
  • Barium swallow

    • Candida esophagitis is most commonly identified by which feature on endoscopy?

    <p>White-yellow plaques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common clinical presentation of mid-gut volvulus in neonates?

    <p>Bilious vomitus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Meckel's diverticulum is most commonly associated with which symptom in children?

    <p>Painless rectal bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which clinical finding is pathognomonic for pyloric stenosis?

    <p>Olive-shaped mass in the right upper quadrant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is secreted in excess in Zollinger-Ellison syndrome?

    <p>Gastrin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Murphy's sign is indicative of which condition?

    <p>Cholecystitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common tumor marker associated with pancreatic cancer?

    <p>CA 19-9</p> Signup and view all the answers

    McBurney's point tenderness is associated with which condition?

    <p>Appendicitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the most common location for diverticulitis in Western societies?

    <p>Sigmoid colon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is a major risk factor for esophageal stricture?

    <p>GERD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Barrett's esophagus is a complication of which condition?

    <p>GERD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is the most common symptom of GERD?

    <p>Heartburn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the gastrointestinal tract is affected in Crohn's disease?

    <p>Anywhere from mouth to anus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hallmark feature of ulcerative colitis?

    <p>Continuous colonic involvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of acute pancreatitis?

    <p>Gallstones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common treatment for internal hemorrhoids?

    <p>Rubber band ligation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a major cause of peptic ulcer disease?

    <p>NSAID use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hepatic encephalopathy is associated with an elevated level of which substance?

    <p>Ammonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of esophageal varices?

    <p>Portal hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for developing cholelithiasis?

    <p>Pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which country has a high incidence of gastric cancer?

    <p>Japan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the serological marker indicating active hepatitis B infection?

    <p>HBsAg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main route of transmission for hepatitis C

    <p>Blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hirschsprung's disease is most commonly associated with which finding?

    <p>Absence of ganglion cells in the colon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of diet is recommended for patients with celiac disease?

    <p>Gluten-free</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Achalasia is characterized by a failure of which part of the esophagus to relax?

    <p>Lower esophageal sphincter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What dietary recommendation is typically given to patients with diverticulitis?

    <p>Low-fiber diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common early symptom of pancreatic cancer?

    <p>Jaundice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacteria is most commonly associated with peptic ulcer disease?

    <p>Helicobacter pylori</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of colonic polyp has the highest risk of becoming cancerous?

    <p>Adenomatous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pyloric stenosis most commonly presents at what age?

    <p>2-6 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common radiographic sign seen in mid-gut volvulus?

    <p>Double bubble sign</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best initial imaging modality to diagnose gallstones?

    <p>Ultrasound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common complication of hepatic cirrhosis?

    <p>Portal hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is more commonly associated with gastric ulcers compared to duodenal ulcers?

    <p>Pain worsened by eating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial symptom of appendicitis?

    <p>Periumbilical pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common presenting symptom of hemorrhoids?

    <p>Bright red blood per rectum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a feared complication of ulcerative colitis?

    <p>Toxic megacolon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which feature is characteristic of Crohn's disease but not ulcerative colitis?

    <p>Cobblestone mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hepatitis A is transmitted via which route?

    <p>Fecal-oral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is a common risk factor for developing C. difficile colitis?

    <p>Recent antibiotic use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of ulcer is more likely to cause weight gain due to eating for pain relief?

    <p>Duodenal ulcer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which imaging modality is the best initial test for acute cholecystitis?

    <p>Abdominal ultrasound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a treatment option for hepatic encephalopathy?

    <p>Lactulose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is commonly seen in patients with IBS?

    <p>Constipation and diarrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common treatment for achalasia?

    <p>Esophageal dilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is recommended for symptomatic relief of hemorrhoids?

    <p>Stool softeners</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is Barrett's esophagus most likely to progress to if left untreated?

    <p>Esophageal adenocarcinoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential complication of diverticulitis?

    <p>Fistula formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of anemia is most commonly associated with celiac disease?

    <p>Iron deficiency anemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication class is most effective in reducing gastric acid production for peptic ulcer disease?

    <p>Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic is used as a first-line treatment for Clostridium difficile colitis?

    <p>Metronidazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first-line treatment for actively bleeding esophageal varices?

    <p>Octreotide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best method for the prevention of gallstones in high-risk individuals?

    <p>Low-fat diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for uncomplicated diverticulitis?

    <p>Broad-spectrum antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hepatitis D requires which of the following to replicate?

    <p>Hepatitis B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What imaging study is most commonly used to diagnose appendicitis?

    <p>CT scan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Mallory-Weiss Tear

    • Common risk factor: Forceful vomiting or coughing
    • Causes mucosal lacerations at the gastroesophageal junction

    Esophageal Cancer

    • Common association with Barrett's esophagus: Adenocarcinoma
    • Adenocarcinoma linked to chronic GERD

    Achalasia

    • Diagnostic study: Esophageal manometry

    Esophagitis

    • Candida esophagitis: Identified by white-yellow plaques on endoscopy

    Mid-Gut Volvulus

    • Common clinical presentation in neonates: Bilious vomiting

    Meckel's Diverticulum

    • Common symptom in children: Painless rectal bleeding

    Pyloric Stenosis

    • Diagnostic finding: Olive-shaped mass in the right upper quadrant

    Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome

    • Hormone secreted in excess: Gastrin

    Cholecystitis

    • Associated sign: Murphy's sign (pain upon RUQ palpation during inspiration)

    Pancreatic Cancer

    • Common tumor marker: CA 19-9

    Appendicitis

    • Associated sign: McBurney's point tenderness

    Diverticulitis

    • Common location in Western societies: Sigmoid colon

    Esophageal Stricture

    • Major risk factor: Chronic GERD

    Barrett's Esophagus

    • Complication of chronic GERD
    • Risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma

    Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

    • Most common symptom: Heartburn

    Crohn's Disease

    • Affects: Anywhere from mouth to anus

    Ulcerative Colitis

    • Complication: Toxic megacolon
    • Characteristic: Continuous colonic involvement

    Hepatitis B

    • Serological marker of active infection: HBsAg

    Hepatitis C

    • Transmission route: Blood

    Hirschsprung's Disease

    • Characteristic finding: Absence of ganglion cells in the colon

    Celiac Disease

    • Dietary recommendation: Gluten-free diet

    Achalasia

    • Dysfunction: Lower esophageal sphincter's inability to relax

    Diverticulitis

    • Dietary recommendation for treatment: Low-fiber diet

    Pancreatic Cancer

    • Common early symptom: Jaundice

    Peptic Ulcer Disease

    • Major cause: NSAID use
    • Effective treatment: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)

    Hepatic Encephalopathy

    • Associated elevated substance: Ammonia

    Esophageal Varices

    • Cause: Portal hypertension
    • Treatment for actively bleeding: Octreotide.

    Cholelithiasis

    • Risk factor: Pregnancy
    • Prevention method: Low-fat diet

    Gastric Cancer

    • High incidence in: Japan

    Clostridium difficile Colitis

    • Major risk factor: Recent antibiotic use

    Peptic Ulcer

    • Type associated with increased intake for pain relief: Duodenal ulcers

    Cholecystitis

    • Diagnostic Imaging: Abdominal Ultrasound
    • Treatment: Antibiotics or surgery for complications

    Hepatic Encephalopathy

    • Treatment option: Lactulose

    Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

    • Common symptom: Constipation and diarrhea

    Achalasia

    • Treatment: Esophageal dilation

    Hemorrhoids

    • Common symptom: Bright red blood per rectum
    • Treatment: Stool softeners

    Colonic polyps

    • Highest risk to become cancerous: Adenomatous polyps

    Pyloric Stenosis

    • Typical age of onset: 2-6 weeks
    • Presentation symptom: Projectile vomiting.

    Volvulus

    • Radiographic finding: Double bubble sign

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    Smarty Pancreatic Practice Questions PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers essential concepts and clinical presentations related to various gastrointestinal disorders, including Mallory-Weiss tear, esophageal cancer, and pyloric stenosis. Assess your knowledge on symptoms, diagnostic findings, and associations to strengthen your understanding of gastrointestinal pathologies.

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