60 Questions
Which compound is etomidate chemically unrelated to?
Barbiturates
What is the pH of the original formulation of etomidate?
6.9
What was the original formulation of etomidate made of?
Propylene glycol
What has the fat emulsion formulation of etomidate abolished?
Pain on injection
How does etomidate exert its effects on GABAA receptors?
By enhancing the affinity of GABA for the receptors
Which isomer of etomidate is more potent?
R(+) isomer
What is the site of action of etomidate?
GABAA receptors
Which receptor does etomidate enhance to antagonize steroid-induced psychosis?
GABA receptor
What is the percentage of etomidate that is bound to albumin in the plasma?
76%
What is the main factor contributing to the prompt awakening after a single dose of etomidate?
Distribution
What is the primary route of metabolism for etomidate?
Hepatic metabolism
Which drug has a shorter terminal elimination half-life, etomidate or propofol?
Etomidate
When is etomidate considered as an alternative to propofol or barbiturates for IV induction of anesthesia?
In the presence of an unstable cardiovascular system
What is the onset of unconsciousness after a standard induction dose of etomidate?
Within 1 minute
Which of the following is a potential side effect of etomidate?
Increased incidence of nausea and vomiting
What is the effect of etomidate on cerebral blood flow?
Decreases cerebral blood flow by 35% to 45%
Which drug can be an alternative to etomidate in patients undergoing electroconvulsive therapy?
Propofol
What is the principal limiting factor in the clinical use of etomidate for induction of anesthesia?
Decreased adrenocortical function
What is the effect of etomidate on systemic blood pressure?
Decreases systemic blood pressure
Which drug causes a greater decline in mean arterial pressure during induction of patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery?
Propofol
What is the effect of etomidate on myocardial contractility?
Has no effect on myocardial contractility
Which of the following statements about the effects of etomidate on intraocular pressure is true?
Etomidate decreases intraocular pressure to a similar degree as propofol.
What effect does etomidate have on ventilation?
Etomidate decreases ventilation less than barbiturates and propofol.
How long do the effects of etomidate on ventilation typically last?
3 to 5 minutes
What is the potential advantage of using etomidate for maintenance of spontaneous ventilation?
Etomidate stimulates ventilation independently of the medullary centers.
What did a recent Cochrane Database review conclude about the differences among anesthetic and sedative agents for cardioversion?
There were no discernible differences among agents or combinations of agents.
What can exaggerate the depression of ventilation when etomidate is used?
Inhaled anesthetics or opioids
What is the impact of equipotent doses of etomidate on respiration in comparison to other sedative-hypnotics?
The impact of equipotent doses of etomidate on respiration has not been studied.
What is the effect of etomidate when accidentally injected into an artery?
Etomidate has no effect when accidentally injected into an artery.
What is the effect of a rapid IV injection of etomidate on ventilation?
Etomidate causes apnea.
Which of the following is a potential side effect of etomidate?
Respiratory depression
What is the primary route of metabolism for etomidate?
Hepatic metabolism
What is the effect of etomidate on systemic blood pressure?
No effect on blood pressure
What is the principal limiting factor in the clinical use of etomidate for induction of anesthesia?
Suppression of adrenal function
What is the main factor contributing to the prompt awakening after a single dose of etomidate?
Rapid metabolism
What is the effect of etomidate on cerebral blood flow?
No effect on cerebral blood flow
What is the effect of a rapid IV injection of etomidate on ventilation?
No effect on ventilation
Which of the following is a potential side effect of etomidate?
Postoperative nausea and vomiting
What effect does etomidate have on cerebral blood flow?
Decreases it
What is the principal limiting factor in the clinical use of etomidate for induction of anesthesia?
Adrenocortical suppression
What is the effect of etomidate on systemic blood pressure?
Decreases it
What is the effect of etomidate on myocardial contractility?
Decreases it
What is the potential advantage of using etomidate for maintenance of spontaneous ventilation?
It has minimal effects on the duration of seizures
Which drug causes a greater decline in mean arterial pressure during induction of patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery?
Propofol
Which of the following is true about the original formulation of etomidate?
It included 35% propylene glycol
What is the primary route of metabolism for etomidate?
Hepatic metabolism
What is the effect of etomidate on GABAA receptors?
Enhances the affinity of the inhibitory neurotransmitter (GABA) for these receptors
Which isomer of etomidate is more potent?
R(+)
What is the advantage of using etomidate for maintenance of spontaneous ventilation?
Minimal effect on respiration
What is the impact of equipotent doses of etomidate on respiration in comparison to other sedative-hypnotics?
Etomidate has a lesser depressant effect on respiration
What is the effect of a rapid IV injection of etomidate on ventilation?
It decreases ventilation
Which drug has a greater depressant effect on ventilation, etomidate or barbiturates?
Barbiturates
Which drug may be useful when maintenance of spontaneous ventilation is desirable?
Etomidate
Which drug is commonly used for cardioversion without discernible differences among other agents?
Etomidate
Which drug can exaggerate the depression of ventilation when combined with etomidate during continuous infusion technique?
Inhaled anesthetics
Which drug has a shorter duration of effect on ventilation, etomidate or propofol?
Etomidate
Which drug has a greater effect on intraocular pressure, etomidate or propofol?
They have the same effect
Which drug is not associated with detrimental effects when accidentally injected into an artery?
Etomidate
Which drug is etomidate chemically unrelated to?
Propofol
Which drug is commonly used for induction of anesthesia in patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery?
Propofol
Quiz: Understanding the Effects of Etomidate on Intraocular Pressure and Ventilation Test your knowledge on the impact of etomidate on intraocular pressure and ventilation. Learn about its similarities to propofol, the safety considerations of accidental arterial injection, and its effects on ventilation compared to other drugs.
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