Benzo Quiz 1

<p>Etomidate inhibits subcortical structures that suppress extrapyramidal motor activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>During the early slow phase of the EEG</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>11-βhydroxylase</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bradycardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Measurement of arterial blood gases and serum lactate concentrations</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Poisoning of the electron transport chain and impaired oxidation of long chain fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>R(+) isomer</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Modulation of GABAA receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Redistribution of the drug from brain to inactive tissue sites</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Etomidate has slower clearance and smaller volume of distribution than propofol</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Etomidate has minimal effects on the duration of electrically induced seizures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Etomidate decreases cerebral blood flow and CMRO2.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.1 to 0.3 mg/kg IV</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Propofol</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Etomidate has minimal negative inotropic effects on myocardial contractility at concentrations needed for anesthesia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Etomidate-induced decreases in tidal volume are offset by compensatory increases in the frequency of breathing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Myoclonus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Myoclonus associated with etomidate administration is suppressed by pretreatment with small doses of etomidate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Propofol reacts with lipid peroxyl radicals and inhibits lipid peroxidation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pain on injection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decrease pharyngeal contraction force</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Changing the composition to long and medium chain triglycerides</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypnotic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2,6-diisopropylphenol</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1.5 to 2.5 mg/kg IV (equivalent to thiopental)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Basal ganglia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inhibition of 11-β hydroxylase</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>6-8 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Propofol's antioxidant properties are similar to those of vitamin E.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Changing the composition to long and medium chain triglycerides</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metabolic acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Development of metabolic acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Impaired oxidation of long chain fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disinfect the ampule neck surface or vial rubber stopper with 70% isopropyl alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Measurement of serum lactate concentrations</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increasing the dose of etomidate prolongs its duration of action.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Activation of seizure foci in patients with focal epilepsy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Etomidate transiently depresses adrenocortical function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Etomidate decreases systemic vascular resistance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Etomidate has minimal effects on myocardial contractility at concentrations needed for anesthesia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Etomidate may be useful when maintenance of spontaneous ventilation is not desirable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Etomidate-induced myoclonus can be suppressed by pretreatment with an opioid or a benzodiazepine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Etomidate in a lipid emulsion vehicle virtually eliminates pain on injection and venous irritation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Etomidate is metabolized by hydrolysis of the ester side chain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Etomidate has a smaller Vd than propofol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Etomidate has a slower clearance than propofol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Etomidate does not bind directly to GABAA receptors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is associated with seizure-like activity on the EEG</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inhibition of cholesterol conversion to cortisol</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>11-βhydroxylase</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Propofol is metabolized by the liver.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Propofol is highly protein bound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sedative-hypnotics can induce varying degrees of sedation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inhibition of lipid peroxidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pain on injection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both etomidate and propofol</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decrease in pain on injection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Seizures</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Impaired oxidation of long chain fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disinfect the ampule neck surface or vial rubber stopper with 70% isopropyl alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Etomidate has slower clearance than propofol</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Etomidate has a longer terminal elimination half-life compared to propofol.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Etomidate enhances the affinity of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA for GABAA receptors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Respiratory depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Etomidate is primarily used for induction of anesthesia in patients with unstable cardiovascular systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Etomidate has no effect on the duration of seizures</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adrenocortical suppression</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Minimal cumulative drug effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Etomidate has minimal changes in mean arterial blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Etomidate has minimal effects on myocardial contractility at clinical concentrations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Etomidate stimulates ventilation independently of the medullary centers that normally respond to carbon dioxide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Myoclonus</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pain on injection and venous irritation are virtually eliminated with the use of a lipid emulsion vehicle for etomidate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Retrograde amnesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Midazolam</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Enhancement of GABA actions without activating GABAA receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Midazolam is not commonly used for inducing anesthesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.1 to 0.2 mg/kg IV over 30 to 60 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It facilitates the onset of unconsciousness</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Respiratory depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It has been on the decline</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flumazenil</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They enhance the affinity of GABAA receptors for GABA</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fatigue and drowsiness</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shift from α to β activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dependence can emerge after 6 months of use</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Benzodiazepines increase all-cause mortality in patients on long-term opioid therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Midazolam decreases resting ventilation in healthy volunteers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glucuronidation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ventilation depression</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lorazepam, oxazepam, and temazepam</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Midazolam's impact on systemic blood pressure is directly linked to its dose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glucuronidation-metabolized benzodiazepines</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>0.25 mg/kg</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Confusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cytochrome P450 3A4</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1-hydroxymidazolam</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Midazolam's clearance is faster than diazepam's</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Renal failure does not alter the elimination half-time, volume of distribution (Vd), or clearance of midazolam</p> Signup and view all the answers