Agrarian Reform in the Philippines
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Questions and Answers

What significant event prompted the filing of the agrarian reform bill in Congress?

  • A protest rally by militant farmers that resulted in a massacre (correct)
  • The enactment of Republic Act No. 6657
  • The discovery of mineral resources in agricultural lands
  • The expropriation of urban lands for housing
  • Which of the following lands are not covered by the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law?

  • Alienable and disposable lands of the public domain
  • Lands owned by the government suitable for agriculture
  • Forest lands reclassified as agricultural lands (correct)
  • Private lands suitable for agriculture
  • What is a prerequisite for reclassifying forest or mineral lands to agricultural lands after the approval of the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law?

  • Community consent
  • An economic feasibility study
  • Approval by the President
  • Congress's determination by law (correct)
  • What did the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law aim to address immediately following the protests?

    <p>Immediate land distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law applies to which type of lands?

    <p>Public and private lands suited for agriculture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group was primarily involved in the protests that led to the agrarian reform bill's introduction?

    <p>Militant farmers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be considered by Congress before any reclassification of land types occurs under the agrarian reform law?

    <p>Ecological, developmental, and equity considerations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key outcome expected from the enactment of the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law?

    <p>Equitable distribution of agricultural land</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of land reform initiatives?

    <p>Redistribute land to ensure equitable ownership</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which law is primarily focused on the redistribution of agricultural land in the Philippines?

    <p>Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program (CARP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes agricultural subsidies?

    <p>Financial aid and technical support to promote productivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which strategy is NOT typically associated with rural development?

    <p>Limiting educational access to rural populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What group is specifically protected under agrarian reform laws in the Philippines?

    <p>Indigenous peoples and small farmers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect do land tenure systems typically address?

    <p>Establishing rules for land ownership and usage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes the system established to ensure fair ownership of land among farmers?

    <p>Land Tenure System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which strategy focuses on improving the living conditions in rural areas and supporting agricultural development?

    <p>Rural development strategies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do market regulations in agriculture typically assist farmers?

    <p>By stabilizing prices and protecting against volatility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which law is associated with the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law that aims to alleviate social inequities?

    <p>Republic Act No. 6657</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes limitations set by the 1935 Constitution regarding land ownership?

    <p>Local corporations must have at least 60% Filipino ownership</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What change did agrarian reform policies implement regarding sharecropping?

    <p>Increased the landlord's share from 50% to 70%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major consequence of market volatility on farmers?

    <p>Financial instability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant consequence of the failure to enforce agrarian reform laws?

    <p>Rise of the Huk rebellion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many militant farmers were reported to have faced a massacre in January 1987?

    <p>12,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term refers to the efforts made to stabilize agricultural markets and protect local economies?

    <p>Market regulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Agrarian Reform in the Philippines

    • Agrarian reform in the Philippines is a long-standing issue, with attempts at reform dating back over 100 years.
    • Traditional Filipino land ownership systems before the Spanish colonization involved communal land owned by a barangay, encompassing datu, freemen, serfs, and slaves.
    • The Spanish introduced a system of land ownership that distributed land to Spanish military and clergy, establishing encomiendas (administrative districts).
    • The 1935 Constitution addressed foreign land access, requiring at least 60% Filipino ownership for corporations, and limiting use rights over time.
    • The 1935 Constitution included other reforms such as interest rate limitations on loans and increasing the sharecropping share.
    • These reforms were largely ineffective, leading to the Huk rebellion.

    Agrarian Reform Policies

    • Agrarian policies are government measures and strategies related to agriculture, land use, and rural development.
    • These policies aim to regulate land ownership, agricultural production, distribution of agricultural goods, and the rights of farmers and laborers.
    • Key issues addressed in agrarian policies:
      • Land Reform: Redistribution of land to ensure equitable ownership, particularly addressing large landholdings concentrated in the hands of a few.
      • Agricultural Subsidies and Support: Financial aid, technical assistance, or other incentives to promote agricultural productivity, food security, and farmer livelihoods.
      • Rural Development: Infrastructure projects (like roads, irrigation systems) and social programs to improve the quality of life in rural areas.
      • Land Tenure Systems: Establishing rules regarding land ownership, leasing, and usage rights to ensure sustainable and fair land management.
      • Market Regulation: Setting policies on the pricing, trading, and export of agricultural products to stabilize local economies and protect farmers from market volatility.

    Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law (CARL)

    • Republic Act No. 6657, also known as the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law (CARL), was enacted during President Corazon Aquino's term, following a massacre of 10,000 militant farmers demanding immediate land distribution.
    • CARL covers all public and private agricultural lands, regardless of tenurial arrangements and commodities produced, including lands suitable for agriculture.
    • Lands covered by the CARL:
      • Alienable and disposable lands of the public domain devoted to or suitable for agriculture.
      • Public domain lands exceeding specific limits determined by Congress.
      • Government-owned lands devoted to or suitable for agriculture.
      • All private lands devoted to or suitable for agriculture, regardless of the agricultural products raised or that can be raised thereon.

    Key Groups Protected Under Agrarian Reform Laws

    • Indigenous peoples
    • Small farmers

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    Related Documents

    Agrarian Reform Policies PDF

    Description

    Explore the history and policies of agrarian reform in the Philippines. From traditional land ownership to the impact of the 1935 Constitution, learn about the challenges and outcomes of various reforms. Understand how these issues have shaped rural development and led to significant events like the Huk rebellion.

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