GE-ELEC5 Kulturang Popular ng Pilipinas PDF

Kruhay! Kumusta? Narito ang mga parating paalala para sa GE-ELEC5: klase: Buksan lamang natin ang ating mga Kulturang mikropono kung may nais sabihin, o kung magre-recite, panatilihin nating...

Kruhay! Kumusta? Narito ang mga parating paalala para sa GE-ELEC5: klase: Buksan lamang natin ang ating mga Kulturang mikropono kung may nais sabihin, o kung magre-recite, panatilihin nating naka-mute upang maiwasan ang Popular ng anumang labis na ingay. Gamitin din natin ang Raise Hand Button Pilipinas/ kung nais magsalita. Kung nais makibahagi ngunit hindi Philippine mabubuksan ang mikropono, maaaring gamitin ang ating chat box sa Google Meet. Panatilihin natin ang maayos, Popular Culture malinaw, at magalang na usapan at pakikipagkomunikasyon sa chat box. Parating makibahagi sa anumang talakayan at gawain sa loob ng birtuwal sa silid. Deskripsyon ng Kurso This course provides the students with critical perspectives in understanding and way of knowing popular culture in the Philippines. The course gives emphasis on popular culture through the study of Cultural Studies with a strong focus on culture industry; provides multi-disciplinal attention on how art can be explored in popular culture and vice versa. This will take place by having an introductory survey on aesthetics, critical theory and art criticism. This subject will provide students with the necessary tools of analysis on exploring the diverse forms of arts by utilizing the everyday contexts of power, mode of production, representations and subjectivity as critical tropes. Pop Culture will be fleshed out through mixed media culture such as visual culture, geography, cinema, music/sound, popular prints and publications, radio and television, fashion, ads, cyberspace, experience, economy etc. and look at how these cultural products intimate the contemporary social relations and life—specifically, the affect, feelings and senses, corporeality, performances, space and place, technology, globalization and identities. Kalalabasan ng Kurso Maunawaan ang mga kontemporanyong Maisanib ang mga ideya ng konsepto, teorya, isyu, kulturang popular sa kalakaran ng kulturang konstrak ng identidad popular sa bansa Magamit ang mataya ang Makadebelop ng mga mga popular na teksto at talakayang makapaglalatag multi-midya upang mataya ng mga kontemporanyong ang mga kultural na konsepto, teorya, isyu, at pagpapahalaga at kalakaran ng kulturang implikasyon popular Kulturang Popular: Learning Outcome/s Pagtanaw at Maeksamin ang mga perspektiba at daluyan ng Pagpopook sa kulturang popular Popular at Kultura Matukoy ang mga mahahalagang konsepto ng kulturang popular  Ang Pinaka- Ano ang i(n)yong naging pamantayan para matukoy ang pinakasikat? Sikat na artista sa bansa sa ngayon? Sikat na mang-aawit sa bansa sa kasalukuyan? Sa bansa, paano natutukoy ang popular? Sikat na banda sa Pilipinas? Sikat na salitang ginagamit sa bansa ngayon? May nagiging pamantayan ba ang mga Pilipino Sikat na pagkain sa mga Pinoy? para sa pagtukoy ng sikat sa hindi?  Dissecting the Course POINT(S) While we develop the definition of popular culture across the topics discussed weekly, we must continuously synthesize the Filipinization of the concepts evident in the course. We will delve into various concepts that will be evaluated through the optics of triangulation. Philippine Popular Culture QUESTION(S) What are your personal takes on defining Philippine Popular Culture? What local icon can symbolize PPC?  Dissecting the Course: Philippine QUESTION(S): How can we consider a culture as In a multicultural and archipelagic country, we cannot Filipino? Are there any standards to which we can consult? simply account for a culture to a particular community. In the supplication of definition, anything seen in the Philippines is a possible culture, but not all are Filipino or can be acquainted with Filipino culture. Furthermore, Filipino cultures also exist worldwide since there are numerous Filipino communities on all continents. Another thing to consider is the regionalism of the Filipinos. It is best to treat this context as transcending and inclusive in all possible ways; after all, we have yet to delve into various complex ideas and delimitations in discussing different competing meanings.  Dissecting the Course: Popular QUESTION(S): What else can we consider as This might be the most demanding word in the course’s name because we numerically popular? need to classify the context of popularity. It will test the value judgement of consumer. We can divide popularity into three dimensions as Padilla (2021) mentioned: numerically Popular vs. seems to be popular vs. manufactured to be popular. Numerically popular – It is consumed by the majority, proven by empirical data such as: (i) survey (e.g., television viewership as conducted by private media companies), (ii) big data statistics (e.g., Google Trends), and (iii) sales (e.g., comparison of quick service restaurants’ revenues). Seems to be popular – it usually appears to the common consumption of people in a particular area (e.g., playing pog might be popular in your barangay, but in other barangay, children play with different toys such as Chinese garter or teks) Manufactured to be popular – It develops the dichotomy of fads vs. trends. A fad is short-lived and commonly driven by a particular fashion. Trends stick longer and somehow alter human behavior of consumption. Padilla, E. (8 Nov. 2021). Philippine Popular Culture: Numerically Popular. [YouTube]. Accessible on https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nyKu4PLy_1s.  Dissecting the Course: Culture POINT(S) Tylor’s definition also allow us to Culture… is that complex whole which includes see the prevalence of nurture than the idea of nature. knowledge, belief, arts, morals, law, customs and QUESTION(S): any other capabilities and habits man acquired as a Why is law included as part of member of society. (Tylor on Kottak, 2015) culture? How do you comprehend “there’s no such thing as society?” Tylor’s definition of culture attributes to peoples’ What are your insights with the acquisition and not through biological inheritance idea of “We are what we consume?” but by growing up in a particular society where they are exposed to a specific cultural tradition. Enculturation is the process by which a child learns his or her culture (e.g., when we take meals, we observe the ff.: how we eat, what we eat, what we practice during eating, saying “thank you.”) Kottak, C. (2015). Culture. In Cultural Anthropology: Appreciating Cultural Diversity (pp. 20-38). McGraw Hill.  Popular Culture under the Microscope POINT(S) Popular Culture is simply culture that is widely favored or well-liked by many Popular Culture, due to its flexible people. and complex nature, is becoming harder to define because of competing concepts that explains it. It is the culture that is left over after we have decided what is high culture Popular culture is consumed by many. Popular culture is the culture that originates from the people. Popular culture as a site of struggle between the ‘resistance’ of subordinate groups and the forces of ‘incorporation’ operating in the interests of dominant groups Postmodern culture is a culture that no longer recognizes the distinction between high and popular culture Storey, J. (2015). Popular Culture. In Cultural Theory and Popular Culture: An Introduction (pp. 5-13). City of New York: Routledge  Popular Culture under the Microscope POINT(S) Although numerical data is necessary in defining the popular, Popular Culture is simply culture that is widely but it doesn’t guarantee the favored or well-liked by many people. popular culture. But Bennett (1980) argued that quantitative index is not enough to provide an adequate definition of popular culture, because this will also include the officially sanction “high culture” of the elite. Popular Culture as Inferior Culture Popular Press Quality Press Popular Cinema Art Cinema Popular Entertainment Art Bennet, T. (1980). Popular Culture: A Teaching Object. Screen Education 34. Storey, J. (2015). Popular Culture. In Cultural Theory and Popular Culture: An Introduction (pp. 5-13). City of New York: Routledge  Popular Culture under the Microscope POINT(S) It shows that pop culture is Defining popular culture is to suggest that it is the culture considered as residual category, there to accommodate texts and that is left over after we have decided what is high culture. practices that fail to meet the It supports the claim that popular culture is highly required standards to qualify as commercialized (fleeting sociological inspection to unlock high standards. This shows that popular culture as inferior what little it has to offer) and high culture is the result of an culture. individual art of creation (moral and aesthetic response). Expensive Restaurants versus Fast-food chains (Quick Service Restaurants) But, in the middle, fast casual restaurants had sprung (e.g., Shakey’s). Hall’s (2009) argument is relative, he mentioned “what is important here is not the fact that popular forms move up and down the ‘cultural escalator’; more significant are ‘the forces and relations which sustain the distinction, the difference... [the] institutions and institutional processes... required to sustain each and to continually mark the difference. This is principally the work of the education system and its promotion of selective tradition (Storey, 2013). Hall, S. (2009). What is this “black” in black popular culture?, in Cultural Theory and Popular Culture: A Reader, 4th edn, edited by John Storey, Harlow: Pearson Education. Storey, J. (2015). Popular Culture. In Cultural Theory and Popular Culture: An Introduction (pp. 5-13). City of New York: Routledge  Popular Culture under the Microscope POINT(S) The first point that those who refer to popular culture as mass culture Mass culture is mass produced, distributed and want to establish is that popular marketed. It usually functions the idea of “something for culture is a hopelessly commercial culture. It is mass- everyone” principle – wholesale; while popular culture produced for mass is consumed by many. Thus, the latter’s popularity. consumption. Its audience is a mass of non-discriminating consumers. The culture itself is formulaic, manipulative (to the political right or left, depending on who is doing the analysis). Storey, J. (2015). Popular Culture. In Cultural Theory and Popular Culture: An Introduction (pp. 5-13). City of New York: Routledge  Popular Culture under the Microscope QUESTION(S) Is it possible that only the rich can afford the products of culture? If Popular culture is the culture that originates from the yes, what will happen? people. As a definition of popular culture, it is ‘often equated with a highly romanticised concept of working- class culture construed as the major source of symbolic protest within contemporary capitalism’ (Bennett, 1980: 27). Bennet, T. (1980). Popular Culture: A Teaching Object. Screen Education 34. Storey, J. (2015). Popular Culture. In Cultural Theory and Popular Culture: An Introduction (pp. 5-13). City of New York: Routledge  Popular Culture under the Microscope QUESTION(S) Is popular culture political? Those using the concept of hegemony of Antonio Is popular culture politicking? How can we see the resistance Gramcsi see popular culture as a site of struggle enforced by popular culture? between the ‘resistance’ of subordinate groups and the forces of ‘incorporation’ operating in the interests of dominant groups. Popular culture in this usage is not the imposed culture of the mass culture theorists, nor is it an emerging from below, spontaneously oppositional culture of ‘the people’ – it is a terrain of exchange and negotiation between the two: a terrain, as already stated, marked by resistance and incorporation. Popular culture is a site where the construction of everyday life may be examined. The point of doing this is not only academic – that is, as an attempt to understand a process or practice – it is also political, to examine the power relations that constitute this form of everyday life and thus reveal the configurations of interests its construction serves (Turner, 2003: 6). Storey, J. (2015). Popular Culture. In Cultural Theory and Popular Culture: An Introduction (pp. 5-13). City of New York: Routledge Turner, G. (2003). British Cultural Studies: An Introduction, 3rd edn, London: Routledge.  Popular Culture under the Microscope QUESTION(S) What other examples of culture that no longer recognizes the The main point to insist on the sixth definition is the distinction between high and claim that postmodern culture is a culture that no longer popular culture? recognizes the distinction between high and popular culture (e.g., Pancit Canton, malls, QSRs). Storey, J. (2015). Popular Culture. In Cultural Theory and Popular Culture: An Introduction (pp. 5-13). City of New York: Routledge  Mga Bakas ng Popularisasyon bilang Aparatong Kolonyal/ Komersyal at ang Kapangyarihan ng Komukunsumong Masa POINT(S) Mabisang aparato ng kolonyalismo at komersyalismo ang Colonizers left colonial apparatus in the Philippines that greatly popularisasyon. Sa kasaysayan ng bansa: impacted our culture. Are there any other colonial Panahon ng Aparatong Kolonyal apparatus not mentioned in the Pananakop table that is still present at the moment? krus (pananampalataya), sandata (puwersang militar), at Kastila maskara (pananakop sa kultural na lebel – comedia at zarzuela) edukasyon (instrumento ng kolonisasyon, nakontrol ang distorsyon at supresyon ng impormasyon hinggil sa Amerikano resistans ng bansa sa pananakop ng mga Amerikano at mga kalupitan ng Amerikong sundalo para durugin ang resistans) pagsesensura (bagaman mas nakatuon ang mga Hapon sa Greater East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere, nanaig pa rin ang Hapon* pagsesensura, halimbawa ang pagtatatag ng The Manila Shimbun para kontrolin ang diseminasyon ng impormasyon para sa layong pampropaganda.) Nuncio, R. at Morales-Nuncio, E. (2004). Mga Bakas ng Popularisasyon Bilang Aparatong Kolonyal/Komersyal at ang Kapangyarihan ng Komukunsumong Masa. Sangandiwa: Araling Filipino bilang Talastasang Pangkalinangan at Lapit-Pananaliksik (pp. 53-64). City of Manila: University of Sto. Tomas Publishing House.  Mga Bakas ng Popularisasyon bilang Aparatong Kolonyal/ Komersyal at ang Kapangyarihan ng Komukunsumong Masa POINT(S) Teknolohiya at inobasyon ang mga naging Pasok sa komoditi ang tritment ng mga Pilipino sa ating screen sisidlan ng panibagong pagbulusok ng culture, mula sa pacifying yet entertaining qualities ng komodipikasyon ng pangangailangan ng tao. Ang Cocomelon, di-mamatay-matay na karakter ni Cardo Dalisay, at radyo ay nakitaan ng gamit sa palitan at bilihan samot-saring entertainment shows sa merkado at komersyo. at series sa Netflix, Amazon Prime, HBO Go atbpang paid streaming applications. Ang telebisyon naman ay pumasok bilang bahagi ng mekanismong politikal upang palakasin at pabanguhin ang imahe ng isang pangulong nagnanais muling tumakbo. Sinikap ni Judge Antonio Quirino na makapasok ang telebisyon para maging behikulo ng politikal na hangarin, ngunit nabigo si Elpidio Quirino. Nuncio, R. at Morales-Nuncio, E. (2004). Mga Bakas ng Popularisasyon Bilang Aparatong Kolonyal/Komersyal at ang Kapangyarihan ng Komukunsumong Masa. Sangandiwa: Araling Filipino bilang Talastasang Pangkalinangan at Lapit-Pananaliksik (pp. 53-64). City of Manila: University of Sto. Tomas Publishing House.  Mga Bakas ng Popularisasyon bilang Aparatong Kolonyal/ Komersyal at ang Kapangyarihan ng Komukunsumong Masa POINT(S) Dahil sa demand ng radyo at telebisyon, pumasok na ang moda ng Kapitalismo ang unang nagtulak sa mass media para sa elit, at produksyon at distribusyon ng mass media sa Pilipinas. Sa simula, kapitalismo pa rin ang nagtutulak tanging may salapi at makapangyarihan lamang ang nagmamay-ari at sa mass media para sa masa. nagkakaakses sa mass media. Ngunit binagong lahat ito nang ang kulturang mass media na pinananatili lamang ng iilan ay tututok sa kultura ng komukunsumong masa. Ang mass media ay kinokonsumo hindi dahil ito ay mahalaga sa panapanahong yugto, kundi nagbibigay ito ng tuluyang pangangailangan ng tao sa lahat ng yugto ng panahon. Ang palagiang presensya at akses sa telebisyon, radyo, at mga palabas ay tinatawag na domestikasyon ng mass media sapagkat ang mga ito ay tuluyang naihahatid nang walang puknat, nang walang hinto sa pandinig, sa paningin at sa kamalayan ng tao. Nuncio, R. at Morales-Nuncio, E. (2004). Mga Bakas ng Popularisasyon Bilang Aparatong Kolonyal/Komersyal at ang Kapangyarihan ng Komukunsumong Masa. Sangandiwa: Araling Filipino bilang Talastasang Pangkalinangan at Lapit-Pananaliksik (pp. 53-64). City of Manila: University of Sto. Tomas Publishing House.  Mga Bakas ng Popularisasyon bilang Aparatong Kolonyal/ Komersyal at ang Kapangyarihan ng Komukunsumong Masa QUESTION(S) Ayon sa suri ni Rolando Tolentino (2001), kalabisan mang sabihin, Anong imahen ang pinakikita ng “If something is free, you are the subalit ito ang nagdidikta (o mapagmungkahing malakas na pwersa) kung product?” ano ang kakainin, iinumin, susuotin, aalamin, papanoorin, pakikinggan, at sasabihin. Nangangahulugang normal lamang ang pagkonsumo sa pangkalahatang diskurso at praktika ng mga tao. Ang kulturang popular ay realidad ng tao; inaangkin ito bago ang lahat at pinapalaganap mula sa sensibilidad ng tao dahil kanyang pagnanasa sa buhay patungo sa kamalayang naghahari ang makabago, mapusok, marangya at makapangyarihan (mga katangiang umaakit sa tao at kaniyang pagkonsumo.) Ang kulturang popular ay pagsasabuhay ng mga bagay, imahe, simbulo, pananda, paninda, at komoditi sa karanasan ng tao na namulat sa mabilisang pagbabago sa isang sibilisasyon. Tinatangkilik ito ng tao dahil tao ang una at huli nitong puntirya. Nuncio, R. at Morales-Nuncio, E. (2004). Mga Bakas ng Popularisasyon Bilang Aparatong Kolonyal/Komersyal at ang Kapangyarihan ng Komukunsumong Masa. Sangandiwa: Araling Filipino bilang Talastasang Pangkalinangan at Lapit-Pananaliksik (pp. 53-64). City of Manila: University of Sto. Tomas Publishing House.  Mga Bakas ng Popularisasyon bilang Aparatong Kolonyal/ Komersyal at ang Kapangyarihan ng Komukunsumong Masa QUESTION(S) Ang implikasyong ekonomiko ng kulturang popular Anong kultura ang kinokonsumo mo ngayong nagtataglay ng sa usapin ng uring panlipunan ay umikot (at umiikot katangiang makabago, mapusok, hanggang ngayon) sa namumuhunan, sa mga marangya, at makapangyarihan? negosyateng may salapi. Kaya ang teknokrasya ay ginamit para mapanatili pa lalo ang sangkalan sa pagpapaigting ng mga interes at kapritso ng mga kapitalista. Ang pagiging mahusay na kasangkapan ng teknolohiya ay nagdudulot upang lumikha ng artipisyal na pagnanasa, hilig at pantasya. Ang kulturang popular ay lugar ng tension at kontradiksyon, kapangyarihan at pagbalikwas. Tunay na nakikinabang ang mga kapitalista sa pag- ikot ng transaksyon sa negosyo, industriya at kulturang popular. Nuncio, R. at Morales-Nuncio, E. (2004). Mga Bakas ng Popularisasyon Bilang Aparatong Kolonyal/Komersyal at ang Kapangyarihan ng Komukunsumong Masa. Sangandiwa: Araling Filipino bilang Talastasang Pangkalinangan at Lapit-Pananaliksik (pp. 53-64). City of Manila: University of Sto. Tomas Publishing House.  Ang Puno’t Dulo ng Kulturang Popular QUESTION(S) Karaniwang iniuugnay ang kulturang popular sa Sang-ayon o Di-sang-ayon: Ang hacktivism ay naipanganak dahil paglawak ng impluwensiya ng teknolohiya, sa matinding sa kakayahan ng kulturang popular komersiyalisasyon at madaliang reproduksiyon ng mga at teknolohiyang mag- manipestasyon ng kultura tulad ng magasin, komiks, impluwensiya sa isa’t isa. radyo, telebisyon, pelikula at kahit na nga ang mga moda sa damit, mga grapiti, mga kanta, mga patalastas (advertisements), mga bagay sa isang maunlad na lipunan. Sa Kanluran, makikita ang distinksyon ng tinatawag na highbrow na tumutukoy sa mga manipestasyong kultural na dinadakila sapagkat tinaguriang klasiko at sa lowbrow o kitsch na tumuturol naman sa mga bagay-bagay na kadalasang binibili ng mga karaniwang tao, mga lilitaw- lulubog na larawan o kaisipan, mga bagay na kayang- kayang maunawaan ng ordinaryong mga tao. Nuncio, R. at Morales-Nuncio, E. (2004). Mga Bakas ng Popularisasyon Bilang Aparatong Kolonyal/Komersyal at ang Kapangyarihan ng Komukunsumong Masa. Sangandiwa: Araling Filipino bilang Talastasang Pangkalinangan at Lapit-Pananaliksik (pp. 53-64). City of Manila: University of Sto. Tomas Publishing House.  Ang Puno’t Dulo ng Kulturang Popular QUESTION(S) Itinuturing ang kulturang popular bilang ilehitimong Anong kultura ang kinokonsumo mo ngayong nagtataglay ng ekspresyon ng kultura – mga ordinaryo, karaniwan, katangiang makabago, mapusok, mura, di-pangmatagalang manipestasyon ng panlasa marangya, at makapangyarihan? at aktitud na walang gaanong kahalagahan. Sinusukat ng mga kritiko ang epekto ng kultura sa kamalayan at moralidad ng mga taong dito ay bumibili, nagbabasa o nanonood. Sa kasamaang- palad, ganito rin ang oryentasyon ng mga Pilipinong kritiko ng kulturang popular. Sapagkat di-kritikal na mga kolonyal, tinanggap nila ang ebalwasyon ng mga puti at itinuring ang sariling manipestasyon ng kultura bilang “bakya, baduy, at basura” (e.g., noong panahon ng kasagsagan ng Wattpad, marami ang nagtaas-kilay sa “kalidad” nito) Nuncio, R. at Morales-Nuncio, E. (2004). Mga Bakas ng Popularisasyon Bilang Aparatong Kolonyal/Komersyal at ang Kapangyarihan ng Komukunsumong Masa. Sangandiwa: Araling Filipino bilang Talastasang Pangkalinangan at Lapit-Pananaliksik (pp. 53-64). City of Manila: University of Sto. Tomas Publishing House.