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PERSPECTIVE IN PHILIPPINE POPULAR CULTURE: NATURE AND DEFINITIONS OF POPULAR CULTURE VALUES & CULTURE  CULTURE -Patterns of human activity -Symbolic structures that give activities significance and importance  POP CULTURE -popular...

PERSPECTIVE IN PHILIPPINE POPULAR CULTURE: NATURE AND DEFINITIONS OF POPULAR CULTURE VALUES & CULTURE  CULTURE -Patterns of human activity -Symbolic structures that give activities significance and importance  POP CULTURE -popular -Well-liked -Common -This often defined or determined by the mass media -Also defined “left over” of human activity -Symbolic structures that give activities significance and importance MASS CULTURE -Seen as commercial culture -Mass produced for mass consumption  -Pre-industrial times Being used in the form of: 1. Jokes 2. Slang FOLK CULTURE 3. Through Cyberspace 4. Spread by word of mouth INDIGENOUS CULTURE Originated in a particular region or environment. Multiculturalism: -Relates to communities containing multiple cultures -Refers to cultural diversity -Sometimes applied to: Schools Businesses Neighborhoods Cities Nations Uniculturalism: -One dominant culture -Creates a strong national identity -Erases the dividing factors such as: Race Ethnicity Religion planet to the Sun and the smallest in the Solar System Cultural Preservation: -Restoring cultural confidence and pride Cultural Promotion: -Encouraging the emergence of cultural and artistic talent by offering opportunities for an expression in an open environment. Cultural Diffusion: The movement of people and their cultural traditions from one culture to another. Cultural Fusion: -The creation of a new culture by merging two or more cultures -New expressions of culture emerge such as: foods music languages literature Exile: Forced migration of populations. Also includes the temporal, cultural, and physical alienation of the individual’s experiences in the postmodern world. Diasporic Culture: -Cultures that are not in their homeland due to exile or migration. -Cultures that are practiced in other places other than their homeland. Genres of Philippine Pop Culture: -Cuisine -Literature -Art -Television -Music: P-Pop, OPM ASSESSMEN T1 Answer the following questions: 1. Why study Culture? 2. What is Popular Culture? 3. What is Philippine Popular Culture? 4. What are the cultural issues problems that is being encountered in the Philippines? Answer each of the abovementioned questions comprehensively. Submit your work in MS Word format, legal size, Tahoma 11. Turnitin is activated, so make sure to cite your sources.  FOREIGN INFLUENCES ON FILIPINO CULTURE  SPAIN The Spanish-Filipino influence is an integral part of Filipino culture and language, shaped by centuries of historical ties and cultural assimilation. Spain’s colonization of the Philippines for over 300 years left a lasting impact on the customs, traditions, and cultural norms of the Filipino people. The Spanish language became intertwined with Filipino dialects, with around 20% of Tagalog words originating from Spanish. Spanish numbers and the monetary system were also adopted, further fusing Spanish and Filipino language. Catholicism, introduced by the Spanish, became the dominant religion in the Philippines and continues to hold significant influence today. The Spanish imposed their surnames on Filipino families, although some native last names persisted. Manila, the bustling capital city, was named by the Spanish, and the entire archipelago was christened as the “Filipinas” after Prince Philip of Asturias. The Spanish colonization brought notable changes to Filipino cuisine, introducing a variety of Spanish foods that have since become staples in Filipino cooking. Avocado, coffee, and sausage are just a few examples of the culinary influences that Spanish colonialism brought to the Philippines. The impact of Spanish colonialism extended beyond language and cuisine. The education system underwent transformation with the establishment of Catholic-run schools and the introduction of new subjects. This played a significant role in cultural assimilation and the shaping of Filipino identity.  SPAIN The Spanish-Filipino influence is deeply ingrained in Filipino culture and language. Spanish colonizers introduced Catholicism, which remains the dominant religion in the Philippines. The Spanish language became integrated into Filipino dialects, with numerous borrowed words. Spanish surnames were imposed on Filipino families, with some native names still in use. Spanish colonialism brought changes to Filipino cuisine, introducing avocado, coffee, and sausage. The education system underwent transformations, including the establishment of Catholic-run schools. The Spanish influence on Filipino culture and language has both positive and negative effects.  AMERICA In 1898, the United States declared war on Spain, ultimately resulting in what is called the Treaty of Paris, in which the Spanish agreed to give up the islands of the Philippines in exchange for $20,000,000. The Philippines had been ruled by the Spanish for 333 years. During first years, there were some conflicts between the U.S. and The Philippines. But during World War I, they came together and the Filipinos fought alongside the Americans. After WWI ended, the U.S. continued to rule over the Philippines, and gradually their relationship became much more friendly. In 1934, the Tydings/McDuffie Law was passed, making the Philippines commonwealth of the U.S. The United States agreed to give the Philippines 10 years to prepare for their complete independence. But because of WWII and the Japanese invasion of the Philippines, that promise was not realized until 1946. On July 4, 1946, the United States declared the Philippines an independent nation. Now, the relation between Americans and Filipinos are very friendly and warm. Filipinos love America and Americans. They often decorate their jeepneys with American flags or “God Bless the USA.” They also enjoy American music and clothing, while still retaining their own Filipino way of life.  AMERICA Religious Freedom When the United States took over the Philippines, the people began to be free to join whatever religion they wanted. (During the Spanish rule, the Catholic church was established as the national religion and was strongly enforced). Because of this new found religious freedom, there began to be many different churches besides Catholicism. Today, it’s remarkable to see just how many different Christian churches there are in the Philippines – this religious diversity has become a big part of the culture. Free Education Americans introduced the idea of free education to the Philippine islands. The United States even sent teachers to help establish schools where the Filipino children could have a free education. A large group of these teachers were called “Thomasites,” named after the boat that they came on, called Thomas. English AMERICA During this time, English began to be taught in the schools, and this is the language that the teachers would use. Even today, most Filipinos can’t help but mix in English words when they speak. “Taglish” has literally become part of the culture. In fact, English is now the 2nd national language. Lots of English words have made their way into the Tagalog language. Often they are pronounced the same, but the dictionary spelling is Filipino-ized. Here are a few fun examples: Cake = Keyk Cookie = Kukis Biscuit = Biskwit Ballpen= Bolpen Interview = Interbyu Computer = Kompyuter X-ray = Eksrey Clothing Here are a few types of clothing that America introduced to the Filipino culture: Belts Suspenders Polo shirts Tennis shoes Food AMERICA Here is a list of some of the food that Americans introduced to the Philippines that have been widely adopted into their lifestyle: Hamburgers Sandwiches Oatmeal Ketchup Chewing gum Apple pie Mayonnaise Hot dogs Steak Ice cream Corn flakes Some American restaurants that have become very popular in the Philippines are: McDonald’s KFC Dunkin Donuts  JAPAN Japan invaded the Philippines for several years. This short span of time was not enough for the Japanese to establish the foundation of their culture into our already- shaped Filipino culture. In spite of this, the Filipinos were still able to learn a few things from the Japanese. It has become a Filipino practice to remove the slippers from one’s feet before entering the house. This is in fact an Asian custom that the Filipinos learned from the Japanese – they were the only Asian colonizers of the Philippines. Back then, the Japanese introduced martial arts to the people of the Philippines. Famous examples of which include Aikido, Judo, and Karate. The Japanese also brought radio calisthenics to the Philippines. Radio calisthenics refer to the broadcasting of exercise music through radio stations early in the morning in order to encourage exercise. Today, radio calisthenics may still be seen in the form of aerobics performed in groups. Kite flying is now a popular activity in the Philippines – kite flying is now considered part of a Filipino’s childhood. It is believed that the practice of kite flying was learned from the Japanese. In fact, the Japanese even spend their whole New Year’s Day while flying kites. All we know about the Japanese invasion is that it was the peak of violence in the Philippines. Back then, no one would think of the Japanese people as good people due to their bringing up of violence and death upon their islands; but little do they  SOUTH KOREA In a stunning display of cultural prowess, the Korean wave, frequently dubbed Hallyu, has captivated audiences worldwide with its fascinating style. The Philippines, like many other countries, has been profoundly influenced by this cultural phenomenon that has grabbed the hearts of millions. Korean culture has had an undeniable impact on Filipino society, particularly in the areas of music, drama, language, literature, art, food, and other cultural aspects. KPOP Music K-pop has taken the Filipino people by storm over the course of the last decade. Filipino musical tastes have changed dramatically as a result of the K-pop genre’s captivating beats and mesmerizing melodies. The enchanting world of Korean Pop Music has left a lasting impression on the hearts and ears of music lovers in the Philippines. From the young to the young-at-heart, this captivating genre has left an indelible mark on the music landscape, transforming not only the way Filipinos groove to the beat but also the way they express themselves through fashion, as they imitate their favorite idols’ fashion choices by sporting identical clothing or hairstyles. Kpop’s undeniable influence has successfully united Filipino fans, fostering a sense of camaraderie through dedicated fan groups and energizing concerts. In a heartwarming display of fandom unity, these events provide the perfect platform for K-pop enthusiasts to forge unbreakable bonds. Korean Language SOUTH KOREA Filipinos have shown a growing interest in learning Korean in recent years. Many Filipinos are inspired to study Korean as a result of exposure to Korean music and television dramas. In addition, South Korea has quickly become one of the most popular places for Filipinos to find work outside of the country. However, in order to take advantage of these employment possibilities, fluency in the Korean language is frequently essential. Due to these factors, there has been an increase in the number of Korean language classes and online tutorials to meet this demand. Korean Dramas/Films Since the early 2000s, Filipinos have loved Korean Films/Dramas, and their love has only grown. What used to be a niche hobby is now popular with most people. People in the Philippines like Korean shows because they can relate to them. Most of the time, these dramas are about common things like love, family, friendship, and growing up. The high production values and quality of Korean dramas make them even more famous. Every piece is carefully made to be as immersive as possible, from the interesting stories to the great actors. Korean shows have also been remade and dubbed in Filipino so that local fans can watch them more easily. This makes it possible for Filipinos to really get into these stories. Korean Foods SOUTH KOREA Over the past few years, Korean food has been increasingly popular in the Philippines, creating a trend that is followed by Filipinos of all ages. Samgyupsal is one component in particular of Korean cuisine that has skyrocketed to unprecedented levels of popularity in the Philippines. Samgyupsal is a type of grilled pig belly that is traditionally served wrapped in lettuce leaves along with a variety of different side dishes. It is a clear indication that there is a growing demand for samgyupsal among Filipinos, many of whom are interested in having an authentic Korean eating experience, given the proliferation of samgyupsal establishments in the country’s major cities. In addition to Samgyupsal, other Korean dishes that have gained popularity as a result of Kdramas include Kimchi, Kimbap, Bibimbap, Corndog, Tteokbokki, and Eomuk/Odeng. Korean Literature In the present day, Korean literature has gained significant prominence in the Philippines due to its compelling narrative strategies, the impact of cross-cultural exchanges on Filipino writers, and the growing scholarly focus on this literary tradition inside educational institutions. In addition, the literary works of popular Korean authors have become more available to a larger audience in the Philippines as a result of translation and publication of those authors’ works in literary works collections and novels. The richness of this Korean literary tradition is being discovered and appreciated by an increasing number of Filipinos, which is  SOUTH KOREA Korean Contemporary and Traditional Arts Arts-related cultural contact between Korea and the Philippines has flourished in recent years. Through a series of workshops and collaborative projects led by cultural institutions and universities, contemporary and traditional Korean arts have gained recognition in the Philippines. Filipinos have been introduced to the art of traditional Korean painting, such as Minhwa. These workshops not only promote intercultural understanding between these two nations but they also provide participants with useful information regarding the historical development of Korean art. Through the sharing of ideas, artists are able to expand their horizons and explore new avenues of expression. Other Aspects of Korean Culture The rising popularity of traditional Korean practices and goods within the Filipino community demonstrates Filipinos’ strong affinity for Korean culture. Many Filipinos are adopting various aspects of traditional Korean culture, including wearing Hanbok, the traditional clothing of the Korean people. Additionally, some Filipinos have acquired cultural items such as Dojang (stamp), Norigae, and Najeonchilgi. Filipino enthusiasts of Korean culture enjoy capturing photographs of themselves donning Hanbok attire in cultural photo booths, typically found at K-Festivals or gatherings centered around Philippine-Korean events. The vibrant colors and intricate designs of this attire have captivated many Filipinos due to their aesthetic appeal and distinctiveness. The increasing adoption of Hanbok fashion and the  SOUTH KOREA The undeniable influence of Korean culture on the Philippines takes center stage. Koreans’ creative expressions, ranging from music to dramas, language to literature, arts to foods, have undeniably captivated the hearts and minds of Filipinos. The profound impact of the Korean wave on Filipino society becomes strikingly apparent. As the cultural exchange between these two nations thrives, the indelible mark left by this phenomenon is impossible to ignore.  CHINA Between the 10th and 16th centuries and before the Spanish colonization, Chinese traders sailed to the Philippines. They brought porcelain and silk, in exchange for beeswax, deer horn and trepang (sea slug). The trade with China was the beginning of a major influence and contribution within the FIlipino culture. One major influence that the Chinese contributed within the culture was culinary arts. Some culinary techniques that the Filipinos were taught include sauteed dishes, rice cakes and noodle dishes (like Pancit!). In addition, the Chinese way of family structure also heavily influenced the traditional Filipino family structure. The traditional Filipino structure is very rigid, authoritarian, and uses Chinese-based nomenclature. The eldest son is called Kuya, and the eldest daughter is referred to as Ate. Both kuya and ate have authority and responsibility over their siblings. ASSESSMEN T2 Create a travel brochure that encourages and shows tourists that “It’s More Fun to Travel in the Philippines! ”. No prescribed format. You are free to exercise your creativity. Rubrics: ASSESSMEN T3 How do you see the Philippines 10 years from now in terms of: 1. Religion 2. Politics 3. Culture 4. Technology 5. Education Explain each of the abovementioned terms comprehensively. The essay must not be below 300 words. Submit your work in MS Word format, legal size, Tahoma 11. Turnitin is activated, so make sure to cite your sources. FORMS OF POPULAR CULTURE: MUSIC, ART AND LITERATURE FILIPINO CULTURE & VALUES The Philippines’ rich culture and profound values are outstanding symbols of tradition. Despite modernity, Filipinos continue to cherish and embody these core values. Hospitality Hospitality is a defining trait of Filipino culture, characterized by its people's generosity and heartfelt welcome. “Bayanihan,” a concept of community spirit and cooperation, is often demonstrated through acts of hospitality, such as hosting guests and lending a helping hand to neighbors. Filipinos’ hospitable nature and readiness to extend a helping hand, regardless of their circumstances, show their sense of unity and compassion within communities. Compassion Filipino people are renowned for their deep compassion; known locally as "malasakit," this value inspires empathy and a proactive willingness to support those in need through either simple acts of kindness or extensive support in times of crisis. It reflects a commitment to prioritizing others and practicing selflessness. Family Oriented Filipinos are known for their strong family-oriented values, which represent a pillar of strength and support. Celebrations, decisions, and daily activities often revolve around family, emphasizing a collective approach to well-being and success. From extended families living together to supporting each other through thick and thin, FILIPINO CULTURE & VALUES Filipinos are known for their strong family-oriented values, which represent a pillar of strength and support. Celebrations, decisions, and daily activities often revolve around family, emphasizing a collective approach to well-being and success. From extended families living together to supporting each other through thick and thin, family is a source of strength and comfort for Filipinos. The value that most Filipinos put into caring for one’s family can also be seen as one of the reasons why nurses and caregivers from the country provide their patients and clients with a high level of care. Respect for Elders Respect holds a fundamental place in Filipino culture and language. This is evidenced by frequently using terms such as "po" and "opo" in conversation, particularly when addressing elders or individuals of higher status. Additionally, the traditional greeting "mano po," a gesture that seeks the elder's blessing by touching the back of their hand to one's forehead, reflects this deeply rooted reverence. These practices ensure that the wisdom and experiences of older generations are honored and integrated into family and community life. Religiousness Spirituality is deeply embedded in Filipino culture. Although the country is predominantly Roman Catholic, it embraces other Christian denominations, Islam, and indigenous spiritual practices. Towns celebrate fiestas to honor their patron saints, reflecting the community’s devotion. Additionally, numerous national FILIPINO TRAITS & CHARACTERISTICS Resilience (Katatagan) When you encounter news footage of Filipinos in disasters, you can't help but respect their determination to keep smiling despite all they've been through. No matter what challenges or downfalls they experience, they always rise back up, put on a determined face, and work their way to the top of their goals. Perseverance (Tiyaga) Perseverance is a praiseworthy character trait of Filipino people. Whether enduring economic hardships or striving for personal goals, Filipinos demonstrate remarkable persistence, refusing to give up on pursuing their dreams. Filipinos always find ways to do things, especially in difficult situations. Hard Working (Masipag) Filipinos take pride in being known as hardworking people who can work well with others, regardless of race, ethnicity, or gender orientation. These values and traits are deeply rooted in Filipino culture. Despite the importance of holidays in the country, some are willing to sacrifice their day-offs for work. FILIPINO TRAITS & CHARACTERISTICS Warm Hearts Filipino people are known for their warm hospitality and genuine kindness towards others. Their open-heartedness extends to both friends and strangers, making everyone feel welcomed and valued in their presence. Flexibility and Adaptability Filipinos can adjust and adapt to circumstances and the surrounding environment, both physical and social. Unplanned and anticipated events are always manageable as the flexible Filipino adjusts to whatever happens. They possess a tolerance for ambiguity that enables them to remain unfazed by uncertainty or lack of information. Great Communicators As part of their education curriculum, Filipino people are trained to write, speak, and converse fluently in English and Filipino from primary to tertiary levels. They are trained to be great communicators from school to the workplace. The Philippines ranks with high English proficiency based on the EF English proficiency index. English is one of Filipinos' official languages, which is evident in their neutral accent when speaking.  FILIPINO SUPERSTITIONS 1. Sweeping the floor at night will drive away incoming blessings. One of the popular Filipino superstitions our lolo and lola tell us is not to sweep the floor at night—no matter how dugyot it is because it’s malas. Our ancestors may have forgotten that having allergies, cold, and dirty feet we can get from dirt and dust aren’t blessings. 2. Singing while cooking will make you single for the rest of your life. However, a few says you’d end up with a much older spouse. To all single ladies and gents, DON’T YOU DARE sing while cooking, lest you’ll never find your fated love or you’d marry someone way older. At least, those are what our mapamahiing grandparents say. Come on, can we not associate singlehood with everything that happens within the household? 3. Groupfie of 3? The person in the middle will be the first to die. This most common Filipino superstitions scared teenagers in the ‘90s. Aminin mo, once in your life you included an “extra friend” in the groupfie, so none among the three of you will die. “Apat dapat,” ika nga.  FILIPINO SUPERSTITIONS 4. Combing your hair at night will bring bad luck. ‘Yung totoo, what’s wrong with being clean and hygienic at night? Is it still good luck when you wake up with your hair so tangled pwede nang pamugaran ng ibon? On a positive note, it lets you do almost nothing at night. Huwag nang maglinis o magsuklay, derechong tulog na. The dirt and the kuto can wait in the morning. 5. To keep skin acne-free, girls should wash their face with the discharge from their very FIRST MENSTRUAL PERIOD. Do you still remember when your family rejoiced after you told them you had your first period? “Yes, may dalaga na kami!” It may be appalling, too, to hear your lola say, “O siya, ipahid mo na ‘yan sa mukha mo para hindi ka tigyawatin!” Thank you, but no thank you po. 6. Don’t sleep with your hair wet; otherwise, you’ll lose your mind. We’ve been discussing pamahiin for a long time. Minsan, kahit nilalamon na tayo ng antok, we stay up late just to dry our hair. In fact sleeping with your hair wet is bad—for it is in its weakest state. Therefore, when you neglect to dry your hair before going to bed, it can lead to hair damage and breakage. ‘Wag pag-isipan ng iba ‘yan, bes, baka matuluyan kang mabuwang. FILIPINO SUPERSTITIONS 7. When you bite your tongue, someone is thinking of you. Nakagat mo ba dila mo? Sige, ask someone to give a number. Tapos, ‘yung number na ‘yun i-convert mo sa alphabet. Kung sino ‘yung taong naisip mo sa alphabet na ‘yun, iniisip ka n’ya ngayon. Come on! What’s fun with this Filipino superstition is naming the corresponding letter and the chance to fantasize that maybe (just maybe) your crush thinks of you, too. 8. A couple shouldn’t eat from the same plate or soon they’ll fall apart. Although absurd, this one makes sense: Go get a partner who’s as matakaw as you are but don’t dare share food in a single plate. Siguradong mag-aaway kayo because neither of you didn’t share the last piece/bite with the other. Charot! 9. Don’t trim your fingernails and toenails at night because it will bring you bad luck. Our ancestors may have issues with cleaning at night. It could be, too, they’re just like us who make such a pamahiin to skip doing household chores and go straight to bed. Sleep the pain, my friend. Your ingrown toenail can wait ‘til the morning. 10. Avoid getting a wound or injury on Good Friday because it will never heal. Why so? Our grandparents tell us not to get hurt on Biyernes Santo because that’s the day Jesus Christ died. Walang gagamot sa sugat o injuries mo. Bet you used to overthink about this myth when you were a child—and had wounds. Walang masamang maniwala, but always remember your luck and fate don’t revolve around household or body stuff. You draw your fate with on the choices you make in the present, so chill lang. As long as you make the right decisions, you’ll be fine. You’re miles ASSESSMEN T4 Answer the following questions: 1. Do you believe in superstitious beliefs and mythical creature? 2. What are those Filipino foods? Choose your favorite. 3. Why are people obsessed in beauty pageants? 4. What are the pros and cons in using technology? 5. How does Philippine Cinema evolve? 6. What are the effects for the young viewers if they watch television? Answer each of the abovementioned questions comprehensively. Submit your work in MS Word format, legal size, Tahoma 11. Turnitin is activated, so make sure to cite your sources. ASSESSMEN T5 As a class, create a short film/skit related to ALL 10 Filipino superstitions found in our lesson in not more than five (5) minutes. Any format will do. You can be as creative as you want, no limitations. This is worth 100 points. Note: The whole class will get an additional 10 points for prelims. CRITERIA FOR SCORING CONTENT (script/storyline, relevance): 25% VISUAL ELEMENTS (setting, camerawork): 25% SOUND ELEMENTS (clarity of voice, effects): 25% CREATIVITY (props utilized, manner of editing): 25% TOTAL: 100%