WHAP World Religions - Must-Know Information PDF

WHAP- World Religions "Must-Know" Information **[Confucianism]** 1. The 5 Great Relationships and Filial Piety (respect) Philosophy & Religion in China  Early Ideology  Confucianism. - ppt download 2. Civil Service Exam 3. Scholar-Gentry Class 4. Merchants low status due to C...

WHAP- World Religions "Must-Know" Information **[Confucianism]** 1. The 5 Great Relationships and Filial Piety (respect) Philosophy & Religion in China  Early Ideology  Confucianism. - ppt download 2. Civil Service Exam 3. Scholar-Gentry Class 4. Merchants low status due to Confucian view that merchants did not produce anything, but rather profited off others goods **[Taoism]** 1. The Dao/Tao- the "way"- become one with nature 2. Reject formal knowledge and rules- rely on instincts 3. Yin Yang brings balance  **[Buddhism]** 1. Siddhartha Gautama- The Buddha (he was born a Hindu prince) 2. Life is suffering due to our own desires (4 Noble Truths) 3. Suffering can be extinguished if one follows the 8-fold path 4. Reach enlightenment, escape from rebirth cycle, reach Nirvana **[Christianity]** 1. One of the three "Abrahamic" religions (Christianity, Judaism, Islam) 2. Universalizing religion- meaning it's meant for everyone (poor, rich, men, women)- however that's not the reality through history 3. Proselytizing religion (activity gain converts) 4. Jesus not just a prophet (Muslims and Jews view), but the savior to Christians 5. Branches of Christianity important to AP a. Catholic b. Orthodox (Eastern Europe and Russia mostly) c. Protestant (Reformation 1517)  **[Hinduism]** 1. Caste System most important continuity Infografik Kastensystem ENG 2. Caste is hereditary (born into it) and determines social, political, and economic status 3. Dharma (duty) of your caste- Do your Dharma (duty) well and you gain Karma (add up all the good deeds and behaviors) 4. Cycle of re-birth- born into a higher caste with good Dharma or born into lower caste with bad Dharma 5. Escape from cycle of re-birth is Moksha 6. Polytheistic **[Judaism]** 1. One of the three "Abrahamic" religions (Christianity, Judaism, Islam) 2. Non-proselytizing religion (do NOT seek conversion, most often born into it) a. Smaller number of followers 3. Though not accurate, powerful empires see Jews as both a religion and ethnicity (a certain "look") 4. Jewish Diaspora- forced emigration from the holy land- settle throughout Europe, Middle East, and Russia 5. Continuous Anti-Semitism (at times violent, pogroms) 6. Pop up throughout the course as "Jewish merchants"  **[Islam]** 1. Monotheistic and founder/prophet is Muhammad 2. Muhammad was a religious leader, political leader, and merchant which influences how Islamic Empires formed and operated a. Church and state often intertwined b. Trade important 3. 5 Pillars c. *Shahada-* Statement of Faith- "there is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah" d. *Salat-* Pray 5 times a day facing Mecca e. *Zakat-* Give alms (charity) to the poor f. *Sawm*- Fast during Ramadan g. *Hajj*- pilgrimage to Mecca if able- cultural diffusion happens 4. After Muhammad's death two sects of Islam formed based off a dispute of who was the next leader- conflict exists to this day h. Sunni i. Shia 5. Islamic Golden Age influences future Renaissance in Europe (preservation and improvement of Greek/Roman learning dealing with topics of medicine, literature, astronomy, etc.) 5 Pillars of Islam and their meaning in English - Muhammadi Site