Malaysia's History Notes PDF

Let’s Play a Game! “4 pics 1 word” Instructions: Look at the given pictures carefully and identify the word behind those four pictures. SLIDESMANIA.COM What are the Pictures all about? Hint: Eight letters SLIDESMANIA.COM _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SLIDESMANIA.COM Golden Peninsula SLIDESMANIA.COM Introduction:...

Let’s Play a Game! “4 pics 1 word” Instructions: Look at the given pictures carefully and identify the word behind those four pictures. SLIDESMANIA.COM What are the Pictures all about? Hint: Eight letters SLIDESMANIA.COM _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ SLIDESMANIA.COM Golden Peninsula SLIDESMANIA.COM Introduction: SLIDESMANIA.COM Malaysia, country of Southeast Asia, lying just north of the Equator, that is composed of two non contiguous regions: Peninsular Malaysia (Semenanjung Malaysia), also called West Malaysia (Malaysia Barat), which is on the Malay Peninsula, and East Malaysia (Malaysia Timur), which is on the island of Borneo. Map of Malaysia Peninsular Malaysia (Semenanjung Malaysia) East Malaysia (Malaysia Timur) SLIDESMANIA.COM - Malaysia is a federation with 13 states. - Malaysia is one of the most biodiverse countries in the world due to its rich flora and fauna. - It is the world’s largest supplier of the natural rubber, palm oil, tin, and tropical hardwood. - Malaysia is considered a newly developed country. It manufactures cars, electronics equipment, pharmaceuticals and fertilizers. SLIDESMANIA.COM SLIDESMANIA.COM - Early inhabitants of the peninsula and islands came from Austronesians settlers from the Asian mainland. - The place was known to the ancient Greeks in a map by Ptolemy as “The Golden Chersonese” which means, Golden Peninsula. SLIDESMANIA.COM Flag and its representation Jalur Gemilang or Stripes of Glory SLIDESMANIA.COM Red, white and blue – represents Malaysia as a country belonging in the Commonwealth. Crescent and star – represents Islam as the official religion for the Federation, as yellow symbolises sovereignty of the Malay Rulers and their roles as leader of the faith in the constituent states. Red & white – courage and purity Blue – harmony of the people Yellow – the royal color of Malay rulers SLIDESMANIA.COM Official Name Malaysia Capital Kuala Lumpur Land Area 329, 847 square kilometers Location Southeast Asia Population 33, 181, 072 (2022) Languages Malay or Bahasa Malaysia Religions Islam is their dominant religion also Buddhism, Christianity, and Hinduism. Government Constitutional Monarchy Currency Malaysian Ringgit (1 Ringgit = 12.31 peso) Nationality Malaysians People Malay -54%, Chinese - 45%, Indian - 10% Malaysia’s History. SLIDESMANIA.COM Early Days (Malacca Sultanate) SLIDESMANIA.COM - According to Malay tradition, Parameswara was resting under the Malaka tree, tired from his many battles and journeys, when he saw a mouse deer courageously outwit a dog. Fascinated by the courage of the deer, he told his people, “let’s name the new kingdom Malaka, for it bears nuts which our people can eat to make them brave” “Malacca sultanate” - The city of Malacca was founded in 1402 by Parameswara. He is a sailendra prince born in Palembang and married to a princess of the royal house of Majapahit - The local Malays accepted Parameswara as their ruler and he gained control of the Malacca strait. (Malacca was favorably suitable for trade) SLIDESMANIA.COM - Malacca replaced Majapahit as the principal entrepot. “Malacca sultanate” - Since Malacca was threatened by the Thai who wanted to control Malaya. Parameswara sent an embassy to China and, in return, the emperor awarded him with yellow umbrella, a sign of sovereignty. - The most important effect of Malacca’s rise to greatness was the extension of Islamic influence. By the end of 15th century, Malacca became a Muslim Region and later on spread to Java. SLIDESMANIA.COM Western Imperialism in Malaysia - When the Netherlands and Britain concluded an agreement in 1824, the Dutch gained control of Indonesia and the Malay peninsula fell under British control. SLIDESMANIA.COM - By 1824-1826, the British acquired the areas in Penang, Wellesley, Malacca, and Singapore though it was not ready to accept full responsibility for administration until 1871 when it was rumored that Germany and France would occupy peninsula. - British intervention in Malaya was also result of its merchants’ appeal to restore order in the country. - It must be noted that before the coming of the Europeans , the great port city of Malaya was center of Islam. - Diplomacy and warfare was the order of the day waging war against uncooperative states on one side forging alliances with subdued rulers on the other. SLIDESMANIA.COM -furthermore, to resolve the future conflicts, the “resident system” was set up. Resident System - the sultan or local ruler was placed in charge of the revenue collection and the overall administration of the state, while British resident acted as political adviser and military protector. - Additionally, the sultan could not initiate reforms on his own without the approval of the British. SLIDESMANIA.COM -Both the sultan and the British, the Resident, would periodically meet to solve mutual problems concerning their areas. Malaysia before and after World War II - Under the Japanese, Malaya suffered brutalities during World War II but its citizens were split in dealing with the Japanese. SLIDESMANIA.COM 1.Many of its Chinese inhabitants joined the guerillas that resisted Japan. 2. Some Malays collaborated with the invaders. - After World War II, Malaya became a British protectorate. - In 1948, the Malay communist Party, largely Chinese, restored to armed insurrection against the colonial masters that the British government in Malaysia had to deal with. - In 1957, Malaya finally gained its independence. - In 1963, Malaya spearheaded the formation of the federation of Malaya. It included the states Malaya, Sabah, Sarawak, and Singapore. SLIDESMANIA.COM - The Malays occupied the dominant positions in government and the civil service - The chinese dominated the economy. - The government took steps to expand and diversity the economy to include production of palm oil and the export of timber. - Two dominant cultures eventually clashed. (The Chinese, especially those in Singapore felt that the Malay government did not pay attention to their needs) and it resulted to bitterness. SLIDESMANIA.COM - For fear of alienation and take-over by the Malays, government leaders in Singapore worked for the separation of Singapore from the federation. Singapore separated in 1965. SLIDESMANIA.COM - Meanwhile, Malaysia continued to grow under its parliamentary system. Industries flourished and produced consumer goods and high technology products. Malaysia remained stable and has one of the soundest economies in Asia. Geographical features in Malaysia https://youtu.be/oJrr5ViA6X4 Let’s watch the video about the 13 states of Malaysia! Major Land and water forms SLIDESMANIA.COM The Rajang River is a river in Sarawak, Malaysia. The river is located in northwest of Borneo. The river originates in the Iran Mountains, flows through Kapit, and then towards the South China Sea. At approximately 565 km long of total length, it is the 4th longest river in Borneo, and the longest river in Malaysia. Rajang River Major Land and water forms The Pahang River is a river that flows through the state of Pahang, Malaysia. At 459 km in length, it is the longest river on the Malay Peninsula. SLIDESMANIA.COM Pahang River Major Land and water forms SLIDESMANIA.COM Klang River is a river which flows through Kuala Lumpur and Selangor in Malaysia and eventually flows into the Straits of Malacca. It is approximately 120 km in length. Klang River Major Land and water forms SLIDESMANIA.COM Mount Kinabalu is the highest mountain in Borneo and Malaysia. With an elevation of 13,435 feet, it is third-highest peak of an island on Earth, and 20th most prominent mountain in the world by topographic prominence. The mountain is located in Ranau district, West Coast Division of Sabah, Malaysia. Mount Kinabalu Major Land and water forms SLIDESMANIA.COM Batu Caves is a limestone hill that has a series of caves and cave temples in Gombak, Selangor, Malaysia. It takes its name from the Malay word batu, meaning 'rock'. The hill was originally known as Kapal Tanggang from the legend of Si Tanggang. Most popular Hindu Shrine outside of India. Lord Murugan : God of war and Knowledge Batu Caves Major Land and water forms SLIDESMANIA.COM Petronas Towers, also known as Petronas Twin Towers and KLCC Twin Towers is an 88-story, 451.9-meter-tall supertall skyscraper in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It is the world's tallest twin skyscraper. Petronas Twin Tower Climate in Malaysia SLIDESMANIA.COM Malaysia has a tropical climate and experiences humid weather throughout the year. The average daily temperature across Malaysia is between 21°C and 32°C. Typically, the Malaysian climate is influenced by the winds blowing from the Indian Ocean (Southwest Monsoon - May to September) and the South China Sea (North-Eastern Monsoon - November to March). Its annual rainfall is 80 per cent a year which is between 2000mm to 2500mm. Malaysia’s 10th Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim since 24 November 2022 SLIDESMANIA.COM -Anwar bin Ibrahim (Jawi: ‫ا ر ا ا‬, IPA: [anwar ɪbrahɪm]; born 10 August 1947) is a Malaysian politician who has served as the tenth Prime Minister of Malaysia since 2022. Malaysia’s contributions and inventions SLIDESMANIA.COM SLIDESMANIA.COM USB Flash Drive - A data storage device SLIDESMANIA.COM WaterPod - designed to help sea nomads obtain clean drinking water. SLIDESMANIA.COM Lytro Cam- is a light field camera that lets you pick the point focus in photos. SLIDESMANIA.COM Toothbrush holder SLIDESMANIA.COM Nehemiah Wall - This type of wall consists of three main components: facade, reinforcing bars, and soil. SLIDESMANIA.COM Malaysia’s cultures and practices SLIDESMANIA.COM Names in Malaysia Many Malays do not have surnames. Instead, men add their father's name to their own name with the term "bin" (meaning ‘son of’). So Rosli bin Suleiman, would be Rosli the son of Suleiman. E.g. Sri Ismail Bin Yaakob, since the father of Ismail is Yaakob Abdul Rahman SLIDESMANIA.COM Cultures and Practices If invited to someone's home for dinner, bring the hostess pastries or good quality chocolates. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Never give alcohol Avoid white wrapping paper as it symbolizes death and mourning. Avoid yellow wrapping paper, as it is the color of royalty If you give food, it must be “halal” (meaning permissible for Muslim) Offer gifts with the right hand only or both hands if the item is large. Gifts are generally not opened when received. SLIDESMANIA.COM Cultures and Practices Greetings Malay women do not shake hands with men, only women, while the Malay Chinese shake hands lightly and for a prolonged period. In terms of who to greet first, it is usually considered polite to greet the older people of a family first. SLIDESMANIA.COM Cultures and Practices Greetings When a guest visits a home the host greets them with the Arabic phrase Assalamualaikum which means “peace be upon you”. Response : Wa-Alaikum-Salaam SLIDESMANIA.COM Cultures and Practices Malays always use the right hand while eating even when they use forks and spoons. In fact, all good things are done with the right hand including holding the holy book of Quran. SLIDESMANIA.COM Cultures and Practices Malay weddings are a grand affair, the most important part of Malay wedding is the Bersanding where the couple is seated next to each other on a sofa called the Pelamin. This is a mark of approval and blessing. Loved ones and guests sprinkle the couple with scented water and yellow rice. SLIDESMANIA.COM Malaysia Water Festivals Celebrated every April and one of the most fun festivals in Malaysia, the Malaysia Water Festival sees people of all ages and walks of life come together to throw water on one another. SLIDESMANIA.COM Independence Day Malaysia Independence Day, also known as National Day or ‘Hari Merdeka’ in Malay is observed on August 31 and commemorates the Malayan Declaration of Independence of 31 August 1957. It is defined in Article 160 of the Constitution of Malaysia as the official independence day when it gained its freedom from the British colonial administration. Usually, the celebrations start from the beginning of August with various programs and national competitions. Owing to the celebrations, the month of August is also known as the National Month. SLIDESMANIA.COM - SLIDESMANIA.COM