The Modern Migration Crisis 9° PDF

**The Modern Migration Crisis 9°** Immigration is the international movement of large groups of people to a destination country of which they are not usual residents or where they do not possess nationality in order to settle as permanent residents to escape from situations that affected them in th...

**The Modern Migration Crisis 9°** Immigration is the international movement of large groups of people to a destination country of which they are not usual residents or where they do not possess nationality in order to settle as permanent residents to escape from situations that affected them in their country of origin. Commuters, tourists, and other short-term in a destination country do not fall under the definition of immigration or migration; seasonal labor is sometimes included, however. As for economic effects, research suggests that migration is beneficial both to the receiving and sending countries. studies suggest that the elimination of barriers to migration would have profound effects on world. Some development economics argue that reducing barriers to labor mobility between developing countries and developed countries would be one of the most efficient tools of poverty reduction. **Colombian migration** Colombian migrants, especially in the US and Spain, have higher educational levels and, in general, they improve their economic situation compared to before departure. Unfortunately, there is no standardized, continuous and regular information on Colombian migration. Migration has increased from nearly 3 million in the past decade to 4.3 million Colombians living abroad nowadays. According to Migración Colombia (2019) the main destinations in 2018 were the USA (31.7%), Mexico (10.6%) and Spain (9.8%), followed by Panamá, Ecuador, Perú, Venezuela (3.7%), Chile, Brazil, Dominican Republic, in that order. Historically, the main motives for migration have been the internal conflict experienced in Colombia during the past century and the economic instability caused by the economic crisis of the late 90s (Migration Policy Institute, 2015), other reasons are the changes in US immigration legislation and improvement on income perspectives. On the other side, research has found extensive evidence of discrimination against foreign-born and minority populations in criminal Justice, business, the economy, housing, health care, media, and politics in the United States and Europe. In our country, Venezuelan immigrations have increased dramatically over the past years affecting mainly the Colombian informal markets and highlighting a policy challenge in terms of regularization and insertion of immigrants into social security schemes. The boarder situation with Venezuela has caused an almost total broke down of any commercial relation with that country. The increase on labor offer, especially of workers with only secondary education, the barriers on degree validation, the increase on irregular immigration and on their participation in the informal market, has hindered the Venezuelan integration into formal labor markets and lead to increases on their unemployment rate. Obando, M., Homez, G. & González, M. (2020). The role of migration in Colombia's competitiveness. Departamento Nacional de Planeación. Retrieved from https://www.dnp.gov.co/LaEntidad\_/misiones/mision-internacionalizacion/Documents/English\_Politics\_Notes/The\_role\_of\_migration\_in\_Colombia\_competitiveness.pdf